A DSP Based On-line UPS

Role of UPS in daily life:

•As an auxiliary power source in case of line
outage, particularly useful to sensitive
loads.

•Maintains quality of the power

supply,i.e,eliminates harmonics.

•Supplies power according to the load

demand.
Among various UPS topologies, on-line UPS
provides maximum protection to the loads against
any utility power problem.
 TYPICAL ON-LINE UPS
Block diagram:
STATIC
BY -PASS

POWER CRITICAL
SOURCE RECTIFIER INVERTER FILTER
LOAD

BATTERY
BATTERY
BANK
BANK
 PULSE WIDTH MODULATION
Need for PWM:
•To control inverter switching.
•To realize desired output waveform.
•To minimize the harmonic content in the output
wave.
Mechanism of PWM:
 Different PWM techniques
• Analog PWM circuits.
• Using Micro-processors.
• With Digital Signal Processor chips.

Significance of using DSPs:

•Sophisticated switching algorithm.
•Flexibility in configuration.
•No analog circuitry.
•Chance for up gradation.
 DSP control of UPS systems.
Basic block diagram:

battery battery
charger

o/p
surge inverter
rectifier filter
filter

User DSP
interface controller

Software
communication
 Internal architecture of DSP controller:
rms set
value
50 Hz sine wave

r.m.s Voltage compensator PWM inv. filter

A/D
5th harm

PI Real harmonic
compensator detector

PI Imaginary harmonic
compensator detector
5th harm.

rms voltage
Mathematically, a harmonic function to be
eliminated is studied as fallows:
for eg; for a 5th harmonic, the signal correlation
function for harmonic distortion waveform is
written as,

Therefore considering the 3 phases a,b,c and

calculating the average value of the distortion wave
for real and imaginary parts seperately,we get,
 and these amplitude components are
applied to a PI compensator to generate a
distortion correction signal, necessary to cancel
out harmonics from o/p voltage.

•In the same way, any harmonic 7th,9th etc

can be eliminated.
 Merits of using DSP:
 Software controllable.
 Remote monitoring.
 Network management.
 High execution speed (30 MIPS).

•Algorithm for DSP processors is generally

written in any language like C, C++ etc.
Flow chart for voltage control:
start

V=output rms voltage

S= set value

Yes if No
V=S
Non zero
error=0 error

To PWM To PI
inverter compensator

To PWM
stop
inverter
 DSPs vs. Microprocessors
1.Per cycle access:
1-8 instructions 1-4 instructions
2.Software compatibility:
Can be linked with MATLAB Can be linked with GUI
3.Performance:
Compound instructions RISC instructions perform
perform multiple single operation.
Operations.
eg:multiply+load+modifies eg: add ,load or store.
the address register.
4.SIMD:
Limited SIMD features. No SIMD support.

5.Real time DSP chips used 5.Microprocessors used are

are TMC62X, Blackfin etc P4,powerpc etc
 Advantages of using DSP in UPSs:
 High Reliability.
 Low dimensions.
 Precision.
 Interactive communication.
 Compact and sleek form factor.
 Closing thoughts:
 To include more intelligent systems in it’s
architecture.
 Cutting the cost by making its use extensive.
 Increasing the efficiency of electronic
components.
 REFERENCES
1.“DSP control of high-power feeding non-linear loads” by

Annette Von Jouanne & Prasad N.Enjeti ,from IEEE transactions

on IE,vol 43,no.1,Feb 1996.
2.“Digital Signal Processor based online UPS” manual by
www.cranessoftware.com
3.“Power electronics Analysis design & applications” by Ned
Mohan, Tore M.Undeland,William.P.Robbins
4.“Interfacing DSPs with high performance analog converters” Jim
Ryan
5.WEMPEC-25th anniversary review meeting ,R&D innovation
center Eaton Corp.
6. “2004 Bores Signal Processing : web pages..
7.Kenton Wilson, Berekely design technology Inc, Calif..USA.
Questions????

THANK YOU!!