A

PAPER PREENTATION
A
SEMINAR
ON
ON

“COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS”

PRESENTED BY
Ms.Shilpa Gujar
(Third year Mech)

GUIDED BY
Mr. Uday Kumar
(Final year Mech)
 INTRODUCTION
• Computational :- having to do with
mathematics, computation.

• Fluid Dynamics:- the dynamics of

things that flow.

• CFD= CAE + CAD + CAM.

THE ELEMENTS OF CAD PROCESS

Pre processor Grid Generation

FDM
Flow solver FVM

FEM
Post processor
 GRID GENERATION

• Grid generation- dividing surface (Domain)

into simple shapes.

• Two approaches-

–Structured grid.

–Unstructured grid.
 STRUCTURED GRID
• Dividing domain into simple shapes.
• Interior vertex is sheared by each cell.
• Not used for complex geometries.
• Two Approaches-

1)O- Grid.
2)H- Grid.
 O- GRID
• Used for external flows

Magnified

The domain divided into triangular elements

 H- GRID

Simulation diagram

•In Clustering along the walls where Boundary Layer are

required
• Denser grid spacing contracted section.
•Left To Right,Green- slow,Red- faster.
 UNSTRUCTURED GRID

•Better for complex geometries.

•3D grid generation.
•More information to be stored & recovered.
 DISCRETISATION

• Art of replacing PDEs governing fluid

flow with set of algebraic equations.
• THREE APPROACHES:
–Finite Volume Method (FVM).
–Finite Element Method (FEM).
–Finite Difference Method (FDM).
 Finite Volume Method (FVM).

• Most popular method.

• Shape-Quadrilateral in 2D.
• Shape-Hexahedra in 3D.
• Irregular Grid Shape.
 FDM(FINITE DIFFERENCE
METHOD)
• The entire fluid region of interest is divided
into non-overlapping cells and
approximate value of the fluid variables
are stored in each cell.
 Finite Element Method (FEM).
• Cell - Element.
• Vertices - Nodes.
• Complex Physical Problems.
• Solving set of algebraic equations.
 CFD SOFTWARES
STEPS IN CFD SOFTWARES
Geometric acquisition PRO-E, CATIA,
PHOENICS, I-DEAS

Grid generation HEXAR, GRIDGEN,

PHOENICS, PATRAN

Post processing AVS, PATRAN, PHOENICS

APPLICATIONS
 ADVANTAGES &
LIMITATION
• Advantages
– Saving of money.
– A transportable wind tunnel.
– All desired quantity.
• Limitations
– Guess work.
– Computer power.
– Experts knowledge.
 CONCLUSION

• Not only virtual reality but also computation

• Saving in millions of Rupees.
• New “third dimension” in fluid dynamics.
 REFERENCES
• www.en.wikipedia.org
• www.cham.co.uk
• www.computationalfluiddynamic.com