AGED-RELATED MACULAR

DEGENERATION. (AMD)

BY: Basiru Lee Leigh

Mentor: Dr. Lee Angioletti
Angioletti Retina Associates
 The part of the eye dealing with
AMD.
The RETINA: the Retina is a
delicate lining in the
back of the eye that
creates impulses that
travel through the optic
nerve to the brain.

The MACULA: the part of

the eye that allows you
to see fine details.
• AMD is a disease associated with aging that gradually
destroys the sharp central vision of the eye.

• AMD is also the leading cause of irreversible severe

central visual loss.

• AMD mostly Affects adults 50 years and older in the

United States.

• AMD affects the macula.

• AMD has two forms: Dry & Wet AMD.

What are the causes and symptoms
of AMD.
• CAUSES: It can be cause by variety of factors like genetic, age,
nutrition, smoking and sunlight exposure.

• SYMPTOMS:
1. Difficulty in reading.

2.distorted vision.

3. loss of central vision. This symptom mostly happens in the

Dry type.
 Cures for Dry and Wet
AMD.
• Dry AMD has no treatment, but patients are told to take
vitamins and see an ophthalmologist every now and
then.

• Wet AMD:
1.laser photocoagulation therapy.
2.photodynamic therapy (PDT).
3. injection of Anti-VEGF (Lucentis, Avastin,
kenalog, etc)
• It’s when cells and blood vessels beneath
the macula break down and cause
deposits in the eye.

• In the United States about 90% of the

patients with AMD have the Dry type.

• It causes only 10% vision loss in the

patients with Dry AMD.
• Wet AMD happen when abnormal blood
vessel growth forms beneath the Macula.

• Only 10% of the patients with AMD have

the Wet type in the Untied States.

• It also causes 90% of the vision loss in the

patients.
 OBJECTIVE
• To see if vitamins can reduce the risk of
severe vision loss.

• To combine two treatments for Wet AMD

and see the results.
MATERIALS
1. DRY AMD.
.Took pictures of their eyes.
. They were told to take vitamins containing Zinc (80mg), copper (2mg), vitamins
A,C and E. And to see the ophthalmologist on regular bases.

2. WET AMD.
. Took pictures of the eye.
. Dilate the eyes.
. Then injected with Lucentis or Kenlog, followed up by PDT,
or some times PDT by itself.
.There eyes are later washed with an iodine solution.
. Patients were told to come back every three months for more
injection if the eye get worst.
 PATIENT’S TREATMENT
• This patients AMD wasn’t that severe so
the patients was told to take small
amounts of vitamins.
• The patients also had to come to see the
Doctor every six months.
 PATIENTS TREATMENT.
• The patient with the Wet AMD was severe and it
was untreated for a while, the patient could
have gone legally blind if the eye wasn’t
treated, although the OD (Rigth eye) couldn’t
see.

• The patient was injected with Lucentis (0.5mg)

and giving PDT.

• He was released and told to come back in three

month.
 Expected Results
• Dry AMD:
Hope that the dry type doesn't
develop into a wet type, or to lose most
of his/her vision.

Wet Type:
We expected the Kenalog plus the
PDT would lessen the amount swelling
and coagulate abnormal blood vessels.
 REFERENCES
http://www.gene.com/gene/news//press- releases/display.do?method=detail&id=9147

http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/maculardegen/armd-facts.asp#1a

http://www.macular-degenation.org/

Veteporfin in photodynamic therapy study group: by AM J> Ophthamol

Hardy RA (2004). Retina. In D Vaughan et al., eds., General Ophthalmology, 16th ed., pp. 189–211.
New York: Lange Medical Books/McGraw-Hill.

http://www.stlukeseye.com/conditions/maculardegeration.asp.

http://www.amd.org

http://alconlabs.com/us/eo/conditions/AMD/causesAMD.jhtml
 Acknowledgements
• Dr. Lee Angioletti

• Dr. sat

• Harlem children society

• MSKCC