COMMONLY

USED
RAT KILLER
POISONS
 Commonly used
rat killer poisons

1. Barium carbonate
2. Zinc phosphide
3. Anticoagulants
4. Yellow phosphorus
 ZINC PHOSPHIDE
 Steel gray crystalline powder with garlic odour
 MOA: reacts with acid in stomach and

liberates phosphine

 SYMPTOMS;
vomiting,diarrhoea,cyanosis,dyspnoea,
pulmonary edema,bradycardia,coma death
 FATAL DOSE; 5 gms

Trade names;
RAT FREE,RAT BUSTER,RATOL GRANULES
 TREATMENT
 GASTRIC LAVAGE:
 With

1. 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution,

2. 0.2% copper sulphate solution
3. 3-5% solution of sodium bicarbonate
4. 1 ounce of milk of magnesia or beaten white
of 2-3 eggs
ANTI COAGULANTS
Class Examples

•First generation: warfarin,

coumatetralyl
Coumarins/4-hydroxycoumarins •Second generation: difenacoum,
brodifacoum, flocoumafen and
bromadiolone.

diphacinone,
1,3-indandiones chlorophacinone,
pindone
 COUMARINS
 Available as RODENTICIDE CAKES

 Fatal dose-120 mg

 Fatal period-30 mins – 3 months

 TRADE NAME :

ROBAN(bromodiolone 0.005%)
MECHANISM OF ACTION
 Inhibits the synthesis of vitamin k dependant
factors

 Increases the capillary permeability and

thereby producing internal haemorrhage

 Lethal haemorrhages even with smaller doses

of modern and more toxic compounds
 Clinical features
 Begins several days after ingestion
 Nose bleeds
 Bleeding gums
 Haematuria
 Malaena
 Extensive Ecchymosis
 Shock and death
 TREATMENT
 Phytonadione is preferrable ( ORAL)
Adults and children over 12 yrs : 15-25 mg
Children under 12 yrs : 5-10 mg

 Colloidal preparation can be given I.M

Above 12 yrs : 5-10 mg
Under 12 yrs : 1-5 mg

 Patient should be observed atleast 4- 5 days

after ingestion
 YELLOW PHOSPHOROUS
 A translucent garlicky paste

 MOA: protoplasmic poison,affecting cellular

oxidation

 TRADE NAME:

RATOL PASTE(15gm)
 SYMPTOMS
 PRIMARY:

 Occurs within 2-6 hrs,lasts for 2 days

 Predominant GI symptoms
 Garlic odour(fumes of phosphoric acid)

 Death-CARDIAC FAILURE,SHOCK
 SECONDARY :
 Lasts for 2-7 days
 Due to delayed absorption
 Predominantly affects liver and kidney
 Jaundice,abdominal pain,oliguria
 CNS: insomnia,irritability,

impaired
vision,tinnitus,cramps,paralysis
 Pathology:
 1.early stage-enlarged liver due to fatty

degeneration(NECROBIOSIS)
 2.late stage-shrunken liver due to necrosis

(acute yellow atrophy)

Contnd….
 Purpura and epistaxis due to
hypoprothrombinemia

 Death-HEPATIC AND RENAL FAILURE

 Fatal dose-60 to 120 mg

 Fatal period-1-6 days
 Treatment
 Gastric lavage using
1. 0.5% potassium permanganate (also
acts as chemical antidote)
2. 0.2% copper sulphate solution
3. 3-5% solution of sodium bicarbonate
 VIT K : 20 mg iv
 Blood transfusion
 Dextrose
 Calcium gluconate
 Dialysis
 WHO CLASSIFICATION
 THOSE REQUIRING ORDINARY CARE
Zinc phosphide
Norbromide
Red squill
 THOSE REQUIRING MAXIMAL PRECAUTIONS
Sodium fluoroacetate
Fluoro acetamide
Strychnine
 TOO DANGEROUS FOR USE
Phosphorus
Arsenic trioxide
Thallium sulphate
 OU
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N K
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