Technology  & Science

AC Motor
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Presentation
By

MOHD. SALAUDDIN HABEEB

&
SURAJ PRATAP

Sala.0244@gmail.com

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 ABSTRUCT
An electric motor is an electromechanical device that
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converts converts electrical energy into mechanical

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energy.
Electrical motor operates on through interacting
magnetic field & current carrying coil.
Now a day 70% of motor are AC MOTOR.
 It is estimated that about 70% of the total electrical
load is accounted by motors only.
The general working mechanism is the same for all
motors.
Alternating current (AC) motors use an electrical
current, which reverses its direction at regular intervals.
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 Introduction
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Types of electric motors

Assessment of electric motors
Energy efficiency opportunities

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 Introduction
What is an Electric Motor?
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• Electromechanical device that converts

electrical energy to mechanical energy
• Mechanical energy used to e.g.
• Rotate pump impeller, fan, blower
• Drive compressors
• Lift materials

• Motors in industry: 70% of electrical

load
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 Introduction

How Does an Electric Motor Work?

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 Introduction
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Types of electric motors

Assessment of electric motors
Energy efficiency opportunities

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 Type of Electric Motors

Classification of Motors
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Electric Motors

Alternating Current Direct Current (DC)

(AC) Motors Motors

Synchronous Induction Separately Self Excited

Excited

Single-Phase Three-Phase Series Compound Shunt

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 Type of Electric Motors

AC Motors
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• Electrical current reverses direction

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• Two parts: stator and rotor

• Stator: stationary electrical component
• Rotor: rotates the motor shaft

• Speed difficult to control

• Two types
• Synchronous motor
• Induction motor
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 Type of Electric Motors

AC Motors – Synchronous motor

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• Constant speed fixed by system

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frequency
• DC for excitation and low starting
torque: suited for low load applications
• Can improve power factor: suited for
high electricity use systems
• Synchronous speed (Ns):
F = supply frequency
Ns = 120 f / P P = number of poles
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 Type of Electric Motors

AC Motors – Induction motor

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• Most common motors in industry

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• Advantages:
• Simple design
• Inexpensive
• High power to weight ratio
• Easy to maintain
• Direct connection to AC power source

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 Type of Electric Motors

AC Motors – Induction motor

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Components
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• Rotor
• Squirrel cage:
conducting bars
(Automated Buildings)
in parallel slots
• Wound rotor: 3-phase, double-layer,
distributed winding
• Stator
• Stampings with slots to carry 3-phase windings
• Wound for definite number of poles 11
 Type of Electric Motors

AC Motors – Induction motor

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How induction motors work

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• Electricity supplied to stator

• Magnetic field generated that moves around
rotor
Electromagnetics

• Current induced in rotor

• Rotor produces second

magnetic field that
opposes stator magnetic Rotor

field Stator

(Reliance)
• Rotor begins to rotate
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 Type of Electric Motors

AC Motors – Induction motor

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• Single-phase induction motor

• One stator winding
• Single-phase power supply
• Squirrel cage rotor
• Require device to start motor
• 3 to 4 HP applications
• Household appliances: fans, washing
machines, dryers

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 Type of Electric Motors

AC Motors – Induction motor

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• Three-phase induction motor

• Three-phase supply produces magnetic
field
• Squirrel cage or wound rotor
• Self-starting
• High power capabilities
• 1/3 to hundreds HP applications: pumps,
compressors, conveyor belts, grinders
• 70% of motors in industry!
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 Assessment of Electric Motors

Efficiency of Electric Motors

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Motors loose energy when serving a load

• Fixed loss
• Rotor loss
• Stator loss
(US DOE)
• Friction and rewinding
• Stray load loss
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 Assessment of Electric Motors

Efficiency of Electric Motors

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Factors that influence efficiency

• Age
• Capacity
• Speed
• Type
• Temperature
• Rewinding
• Load
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 Training Agenda: Electric Motors

Introduction
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Types of electric motors

Assessment of electric motors
Energy efficiency opportunities

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 Energy Efficiency Opportunities

1. Use energy efficient motors

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2. Reduce under-loading (and avoid over-

sized motors)
3. Size to variable load
4. Improve power quality
5. Rewinding
6. Power factor correction by capacitors
7. Improve maintenance
8. Speed control of induction motor
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FOR YOUR ATTENTION
THANK YOU
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 Disclaimer and References

 Full references are included in the textbook chapter

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that is available on www.energyefficiencyasia.org

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 The performance and design of AC machines-

M.G.SAY.
 Electromachanic-3 by S.Kamakashiah,right
publishers

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