GNSS Nessebar

Third International Conference on Cartography and GIS
June, 15-20, 2010 Nessebar, Bulgaria
ASSESSING OF THE OVERALL QUALITY OF GNSS DETERMINATIONS, USING

SPECIFIC VALUES OF PARAMETERS

Dr. M. Sc. Gintcho Kostov, Bulgaria
“GEO ZEMIA” Ltd.
www.geozemia.com
1. Introduction
The contemporary geodetic instruments and technologies provide the professionals with:
-Reliable
results and
high quality;
- Productivity
(RTK, fast static
modes)
- GNSS usage,
incl. the available
in the future
GALILEO and
COMPASS
www.geozemia.com 2
2. Task of this study
Determination and analysis of the differences, which may appear in the overall quality of measured
spatial chords if using:
-Record rate of the satellite signals - set from 1 sec. to 60 sec.,

-Session length - of up-to 5 min.,
-Occupied control points, situated in open areas;
-Value for the cut-off angle - set to 0 degrees in the firmware.
In the experiment Fuzzy logic was applied and application Vienna_Fuzzy was used:
interface of the application
www.geozemia.com 3
3. Fuzzy logic-Basic Information
In the beginning exact values of the variables are entered;
Values are then fuzzified; They get their degree of membership;
In the Inference, the weights and the operator (“and”, “or”) are applied.
Defuzzification used to obtain an exact value the rating.
General Scheme:
Input>Fuzzification>Inference>Defuzzification
Input Controller Final result:

data rating
www.geozemia.com 4
4. Performed geodetic measurements
In this paper studies are performed with seven spatial chords with lengths:
a) up-to 5 km.;
b) from 5 up-to 10 km.;
c) from 10 up-to 15 km.;
d) from 15 up-to 20 km.;
e) from 20 up-to 25 km.;
f) from 25 up-to 30 km.;
g) over 30 km.
www.geozemia.com 5
5. Used criteria for accuracy
In this paper the following accuracy criteria were used:
M
a) Quality in position and height3 D ;
Q
b) Elements of the co-variance matrix for the chord:
xx Q yy Q zz ;
c) Number Gdop ( max );

d) Number Pdop( max ).
These criteria were used as input data in the application Vienna_Fuzzy.
www.geozemia.com 6
6. Results from the geodetic measurements. Analysis
The rating value for each measured chord, subject of assessment was calculated for each session.
In this specific case, the bigger the rating value, the better the overall quality.
www.geozemia.com 7
6.1. Analysis of the results from the geodetic measurements
Chord up -to 5 km.
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
gR
in
a
t
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
Record rate
1 sec. 15 sec. 30 sec. 60 sec.
low quality
high rating
www.geozemia.com 8
Chordfrom5up -to 10km.
0.8
0.78
0.76
0.74
0.72
gR
in
a
r
0.7
0.68
0.66
0.64
Recordrate
1sec. 15sec. 30sec. 60sec.
good quality results low, similar rating
www.geozemia.com 9
Chordfrom10up -to 15km
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
gR
in
a
t
0.3
0.2
0.1
Recordrate
similar overall quality

high overall quality
www.geozemia.com 10

0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
R
g
in
a
t
0.3
0.2
0.1
Recordrate
similar rating
high quality result
www.geozemia.com 11

Chordfrom20up -to25km.
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
gR
in
a
r
0.3
0.2
0.1
Recordrate
good quality
similar quality results
www.geozemia.com 12

0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
gR
in
a
t
0.3
0.2
0.1
Recordrate
high overall quality

low, similar rating values
www.geozemia.com 13

Chordover 30km.
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
gR
in
a
t
0.3
0.2
0.1
Recordrate
similar, high overall quality
www.geozemia.com 14
7. Conclusions. Remarks:
Taking in mind the values of the ratings for each spatial chord, it could be summarized:
The possible reason for the low overall quality of the chord with length of up-to 5 km. for record
rate of 1 sec. could be the high values of GDOP and PDOP numbers.
The same likely reason for low quality should be valid for the chord with length over 30 km.
using record rate of 1 sec.
If no other instructions or rules must be applied to the geodetic satellite measurements, in

order to obtain good productivity and produce results with required high overall quality, then
the following specific parameters:
1. Record rate for example set to 1 sec.;

2. Cut-off angle set to 0 degrees;
3. Session length for instance of up-to 5 min. could be used
when conducting fast static GNSS measurements.
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REFERENCES:
1. Grigoriadis, Vassilios, I. Tziavos, Development of a Software Package for the Automation of

Measurements in Bathymetric Mapping, Workshop – Hydro WSH2 – Marine Cadastre / CZM FIG Working
Week 2004, Athens, Greece, May 22-27, 2004, pp10
2. Haberler, M., 2003, A Fuzzy System for the Assessment of Landslide Monitoring Data, VGI, 1/2003, pp
92-98, Wien
3. Kostov, G., 2005, Assessment of the Quality of Geodetic Networks Using Fuzzy Logic, pp 2-7, Vienna
University of Technology
4. Kostov, G., 2009, Using of Fuzzy logic for some studies over GNSS determination in fast static mode,
UACEG, pp 3-7, Sofia (in Bulgarian)
5. Minchev, M., Iv. Zdravcev, Iv. Georgiev, 2005, Foundations of the application of GPS in geodesy, pp
112-118, Sofia UACEG (in Bulgarian)
6. Valev, G. M. Minchev, 1995, Instruction for determination of coordinates with GPS, pp 12-15,
“Cartography” Ltd., Sofia (in Bulgarian)
7. Wellenhof, B., Herbert Lichtenegger, James Collins, 2002, GPS Theory and practice, Springer-
Verlag/Wien, pp183, Austria (in Bulgarian)
8. Wieser, A. Robust and fuzzy techniques for parameter estimation and quality assessment in GPS, July
2001, Dissertation Technische Universität Graz, ISBN 3-8265-9807-5. ISSN 1618-6303, pp 49-80, Shaker
Verlag, Graz
9. Yeung, C. Velocity, Bearing Estimation from GPS Measurements, May 2006, pp21, Department of
Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
WEB:

10. http://facility.unavco.org/
11. http://www.geo.bv.tum.de/images/stories/lehre/docman/GPSBasics_en.pdf

Used geodetic software:
1. Geomax Geo Office;

2. Vienna_Fuzzy.
www.geozemia.com 16
Thank you for your attention!
www.geozemia.com 17

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Third International Conference on Cartography and GIS

June, 15-20, 2010 Nessebar, Bulgaria

ASSESSING OF THE OVERALL QUALITY OF GNSS DETERMINATIONS, USING

2. Task of this study

-Record rate of the satellite signals - set from 1 sec. to 60 sec.,

interface of the application

3. Fuzzy logic-Basic Information

Input Controller Final result:

4. Performed geodetic measurements

b) from 5 up-to 10 km.;

c) from 10 up-to 15 km.;

d) from 15 up-to 20 km.;

e) from 20 up-to 25 km.;

f) from 25 up-to 30 km.;

5. Used criteria for accuracy

In this paper the following accuracy criteria were used:

c) Number Gdop ( max );

6. Results from the geodetic measurements. Analysis

6.1. Analysis of the results from the geodetic measurements

Chord up -to 5 km.

1 sec. 15 sec. 30 sec. 60 sec.

6.2. Analysis of the results from the geodetic measurements

Chordfrom5up -to 10km.

1sec. 15sec. 30sec. 60sec.

good quality results low, similar rating

6.3. Analysis of the results from the geodetic measurements

Chordfrom10up -to 15km

1sec. 15sec. 30sec. 60sec.

similar overall quality

6.4. Analysis of the results from the geodetic measurements

1sec. 15sec. 30sec. 60sec.

6.5. Analysis of the results from the geodetic measurements

1sec. 15sec. 30sec. 60sec.

6.6. Analysis of the results from the geodetic measurements

1sec. 15sec. 30sec. 60sec.

high overall quality

6.7. Analysis of the results from the geodetic measurements

similar, high overall quality

If no other instructions or rules must be applied to the geodetic satellite measurements, in

1. Record rate for example set to 1 sec.;

when conducting fast static GNSS measurements.

1. Grigoriadis, Vassilios, I. Tziavos, Development of a Software Package for the Automation of

1. Geomax Geo Office;

Thank you for your attention!

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