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 PRAGYA MISHRA PG09075



RAHUL RANJAN CHOUBEY PG0980

NITIN GARG PG09069

ABISHEK GUPTA PG09126

NISHIKANT MISHRA PG09068

° Petroleum oil will
finish by 2030-2040.
° Coal will finish by
2070-2080.
° Forest will end by
2050-2070.
° Most Glaciers will
vanish by 2040-2050.
° Natural gas will finish
by 2030.
›
  
° Standard economic
theory suggests that
technological
improvements increase
energy efficiency,
rather than reduce
energy use.
° Energy consumption
rate is accelerating at
high magnitude.
° All most 99% of energy
sources we are using
today will not be there
after 21st century.


 
  
° Solar Panels, these are semi-conductors and
vacuum tubes has 99% efficiency.
1. Used to make bricks for buildings.
2. These will be photo-sensitive and can perform many
functions.
° Oceanic thermal energy.
1. New technology which harvest temperature
difference in top and base level of ocean.
2. It has capacity to fulfill 20-30% of world energy
needs.
° Volcanic energy.
More than 4000 active volcanoes, it can quench 100%
energy requirements.
° Lightening energy.
It is estimated that only 1 to 1.5% of lightening
power can fulfill our complete energy requirements.
° Bio-Diesel and Bio-Petrol.
1. Sewage sludge that contain a high degree of
organic matter could primarily aim at recycling it
through a thermo chemical pyrolysis.
2. Can be an option to eradicate the problem of
sewage as well as energy needs.
3. Petro-plants like Jatropa etc. are also used to
provide bio-diesel.
° Tidal, Geothermal, Wind, Gravity, Cosmic
Rays etc. can become prominent providers
of energy.
° These investments are done on 3-E principle:
 Security to ENERGY supply.
E.g. Finding alternatives to oil.
 Harmony with ENVIRONMENT.
E.g. Lowering CO2 emission.
 ECONOMIC efficiency.
E.g. Utilizing market mechanism.
° Innovative technologies are necessary for
sustainable development.
 Toyota has a policy of investing 80% of its profit in
finding new technologies for energy utilization
efficiently.
 The Government of Japan has put emphasis on energy-
related R&D with a view to reducing emissions not only
domestically but also globally.
° Investments firms (90%) are ready to invest
for new technologies related to efficient use
of energy.
° Huge amount of money is poured in R&D for
invention of new and feasible technology for
energy production.
° In the aftermath of the oil price shocks of
the 1970s, federal and state policies to
promote energy efficiency were devised.
Now its accounts more than 30% of US GDP.
° The ‰
  U.S. electric power industry
deregulation may bring changes that could
have a significant impact on the demand for
solar energy in the U.S. and abroad and will
provide opportunities for growth both in the
solar and in the utility industries.
° The world's largest solar power plant
complex is operating in California and
generates over 


of electricity
using solar thermal parabolic trough
technology in nine facilities, the largest at 80
megawatts apiece. The plant provides power
to over 
.
° Many utilities now offer customers an option
called Î 
where
environmentally concerned customers have
the choice of purchasing clean energy from
utilities.
° Over   

 
have assessed the
market for green-pricing programs.
° Japanhas been the most successful in
decoupling energy demand from economic
growth. Japan·s level of energy efficiency
has been better than other developed
countries.
° Global economy is a direct function of
energy.
° The corporation or nation having largest
stock of energy will lead the coming era.
° The nations like US, JAPAN, GERMANY,
FRANCE, SINGAPORE, BRAZIL etc. are the
initiators for the search of new energy
sources and its utility.
° 21st century is either make Human
civilization prosporous or end it.