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Emotions²Why Emotions Were Ignored
in OB
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ΠOriginal OB focus was solely on the effects of strong
negative emotions that interfered with individual and
organizational efficiency.

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 What Are Emotions?

Affect
A broad range of emotions that people experience

Emotions Moods
Intense feelings that are Feelings that tend to
directed at someone or be less intense than
something emotions and that lack
a contextual stimulus

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 Aspects of Emotions
Ô Biology of Emotions
Œ Originate in brain¶s limbic system
Ô Intensity of Emotions
Πersonality
Œ
ob requirements
Ô Frequency and Duration of Emotions
Πow often emotions are exhibited
Πow long emotions are displayed
Ô Functions of Emotions
Πritical for rational thinking
ΠMotivate people

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 Mood as ositive and Negative Affect

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 Îources of Emotions and Moods
Ô ersonality
Ô Day and Time of the Week
Ô Weather
Ô Îtress
Ô Îocial Activities
Ô Îleep
Ô Exercise
Ô Age
Ô Gender

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 ositive Moods are
ighest
‡ At the End of the
Week
‡ In the Middle
art of the Day

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 Gender and Emotions
Ô Women
Πan show greater emotional expression
ΠExperience emotions more intensely
ΠDisplay emotions more frequently
ΠAre more comfortable in expressing emotions
Œ Are better at reading others¶ emotions
Ô Men
ΠBelieve that displaying emotions is inconsistent with
the male image
ΠAre innately less able to read and to identify with
others¶ emotions
Πave less need to seek social approval by showing
positive emotions

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 External onstraints on Emotions

Organizational ultural
Influences Influences

Individual
Emotions

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 Emotional Labor
A situation in which an employee expresses
organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal
transactions.

Emotional dissonance²Inconsistencies between the

emotions we feel and the emotions we project.
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 Felt vs. Displayed Emotions

Felt Emotions
An individual¶s actual emotions

Displayed Emotions
Emotions that are organizationally
required and considered appropriate in
a given job

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 Note: igher
emotional labor
equals more
highly paid jobs
(with high
cognitive
requirements)

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|
 
  
    
 Affective Events Theory (AET)
Ô Work events trigger positive and negative emotional
reactions
Πersonality and mood determine the intensity of the
emotional response.
ΠEmotions can influence a broad range of work performance
and job satisfaction variables.
Ô Implications of the theory AET
ΠIndividual response reflects emotions and mood cycles.
Πurrent and past emotions affect job satisfaction.
ΠEmotional fluctuations create variations in job satisfaction
and performance.
ΠBoth negative and positive emotions can distract workers
and reduce job performance.

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 Affective Events Theory (AET)
We have hardly any control over
situation or circumstances. We
can only change our reaction
towards the same.
This concept has grown in the
form of Emotional Intelligence

Î
Based on N.M. Ashkanasy and .Î. Daus, ³Emotion in the Workplace: The New  +   ,   -./
hallenge for Managers,´  
  

, February 2002, p. 77.

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EMOTIONAL MATURITY

You can¶t change people or

situations, only your
reaction to them.
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