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Also known as bitumen, is a

sticky, black, and highly


viscous liquid or semi-solid
form of petroleum.
Asphalt concrete pavement mixes are typically composed of
5% asphalt cement and 95% aggregates (stone, sand, and
gravel). Due to its highly viscous nature,
asphalt cement must be heated so it can be mixed with the
aggregates at the asphalt mixing facility.
Bitumen is actually the liquid binder that holds asphalt
together. The term bitumen is often mistakenly used to
describe asphalt.

Asphalt is produced in a plant that heats, dries and mixes


aggregate, bitumen and sand into a composite mix.
The components of asphalt include four main
classes of compounds:
• Naphthalene
• Polar Aromatics
• Saturated Hydrocarbons
• Asphaltenes
The following acute (short-term) health effects
may occur immediately or shortly after
exposure to Asphalt: * Asphalt fumes can
irritate the eyes on contact. *Breathing
Asphalt fumes can irritate the nose, throat and
lungs causing coughing, wheezing and/or
shortness of breath.
• Porous Asphalt
• Perpetual Pavement
• Quiet Pavement
• Warm-Mix Asphalt
• Thin Overlays
This type of asphalt is
used in parking lots to
enable water to drain
through the pavement.
Perpetual pavement is a
combination of asphalt and the
multi-layer paving design
process. They are durable and
long-lasting.
Paving roads with asphalt
significantly reduces the
noise inside and outside of
homes and businesses.
is produced the same way
that hot-mix asphalt is,
except it is 50-100
degrees Fahrenheit lower.
Thin overlays improve
ride quality and reduce
pavement distress, noise
levels, and life-cycle
costs.
• Throw-and-roll
• Semi-Permanent Patches
• Spray Injection Method
• Full-Depth Patching
This is a temporary patching technique in which liquid asphalt
is filled into a hole and then rolled over. It is typically done in
winter or adverse weather conditions when a “quick fix” or
emergency patch is required. It may be applied in layers and
starts to solidify as it reacts with air.
Alonger-lasting solution, this method requires proper surface
preparation. Water and debris are first removed with the help of a
broom or air compressor after which the area to be patched is cut
back with a hand tool or power equipment. The prepared hole is then
filled with the patching mix and compacted with a roller.
In this method, special truck-mounted equipment is used to first blow out
water and debris from the crack or pothole, after which aggregate and
emulsion will be injected into it. Since the injection is done at high-pressure,
no compaction is required. This asphalt patching technique may be ideal in
adverse conditions and is often preferred to the temporary throw-and-roll
method.
Considered a permanent repair method, this technique involves
excavating the patching area to the depth of 4 inches or more and
extending at least one foot into the surrounding area in order to
provider firmer support. A tack coat is applied prior to the asphalt
mix followed by a backfill for proper bonding.

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