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Arduino Controlled Solar-

Wind Hybrid Power


Generation System

Group Members
Sameed Raheel 14-ECT-15
Imtiaz Ahmad 14-ECT-23
Hassan Ali 14-ECT-87
Supervisor
Engr. Faisal Masood

Department of Electronics Engineering


UET Taxila , Sub Campus Chakwal.
Outline Of Presentation(1/2)
 Progress report.
 Answers to external advisor questions.
 Block diagram.
 Load Distribution.
 Selection of DC generator.
 Wind turbine model.
 Output power calculations(wind).
 Solar Panel model.
 Output power calculations(solar).

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Outline of Presentation(2/2)
 Charge controller.
 Current controlling equation.
 Calculations for charge controller.
 Mathematical modelling of charge controller.
 Intro. To PID control.
 Steps for PID algorithm.
 Optical Encoder.
 Timeline.

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Progress Report

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Answers to Ext. Supervisor
Questions
 Objections:
a)Elaborate the block diagram.

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Block Diagram
Pulsating
DC DC Charge Fix. DC DC Fix. DC Charge
Generator controller Bus controller

AC Load inverter Battery DC loads


Orientation Power supply for arduino Pulsating
base DC

Wind Yaw motor Arduino H-Bridge


vane H-Bridge H-Bridge
(encoded) Mega

Motor
(pitch motion)
Motor
(roll motion)

LDR
(Roll)
LDR
(Pitch)

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Load Distribution

Battery (216 Whr)

DC Bus

Inverter(DC/AC) 200W

1x LED 1x DC FAN
2x LED 1x FAN (10W) (20W)
(10W) (30W)

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Selection of DC Generator
 Capability of producing DC voltage at low
RPM.
 Permanent magnet DC generator
Best Choice for small wind turbines.
Inexpensive.
Produce voltage at low RPM.
Cut in speed at 6 MPH.

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DC Generator Specs.

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Wind Turbine Model (CAD)

Orientation
base

Tower

Pipe

Base

Collar

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Wind Turbine Dimensions

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Wind Turbine Blade Model (CAD)

Taper
Angle

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Wind Turbine Blade Dimensions

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Wind Turbine Assembled

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Output Power Cal. (Wind)
 P=V*I
V=18V
I=5.5A
P=18*5.5
P=100W
 Period of operation=20Hrs
Energy prod. Per day=20*100
E=2000Wh.

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Solar Frame Model

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Specs. of Solar Panel

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Output Power Cal. (Solar)
 Iout=0.58A.

 Vout =17.4V.
 Pout =10 Watt.
 Period of operation=10Hrs.
 Energy Prod.=100Whr.

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Charge Controller
 Maintain proper charging of batteries.
 Over voltage control.
 Over current control.
 Save battery from leakage current.

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Specs. of Charge Controller
 Input voltage 18volts.
 Output voltage 13.6 volts.
 Input current 5.5 A.
 Output current 1.3 A.
 Charge controller rating 110V and 20A.

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Charge Controller Circuit
Current Controlling resistor

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Calculation for Current Control
 Current divider rule.
 R2 =2.84 R1
 Where Iout =1.3A.
Iin =5.5A

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Mathematical Modelling

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Mathematical Modelling

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Mathematical Modelling of
Charge Controller in Matlab

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Introduction to PID Control
 Control output in transient circuits.
 Kp =Proportional constant.
 Kd =Derivative constant.
 Ki =Integral constant.
 These constants control three different parameters in
controlling output. Which are:
Kp –Controls the ON and OFF time of the switch.
Kd -Reduce oscillations in output waveform.
Ki -Reduces the error over the time.

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Steps for PID Algorithm
 Adjust the Set point.(S_p)
 Get the output voltage through analog input.(C_p)
 Calculate the error. E_v=(S_p – C_p)* Kp.
 Calculate Integral. I_v=(E_v+past E_v)* Ki.
 Calculate the derivative value. D_v=(E_v - pastE_v)* Kd
 Get the disturbance value by summation of P , I & D
 Add biasing value to Error value.(In this case it is zero)
 Apply error value to the actuators.
 Tuning of Kp ,Ki ,Kd

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PID Controller Block Diagram

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Optical Encoder(Cont.)
 A device that translates mechanical
motion into electrical signals.
 Give output even at high RPM.
 Used as a Feedback with DC motor.
 To control Yaw motion in wind turbine
orientation in max. wind direction.
 Types:
Unidirectional.
Bidirectional.
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Optical Encoder
Arduino will count the pulses
through interrupt and provide the
degrees to the arduino so DC
motor will act as a servo motor.
5V

0V

Bidirectional Encoder Output Pulses

H-Bridge

Arduino Mega

DC Geared motor(Yaw Motor)

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Timeline (Updated)

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