DEFINITION OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

“ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH COMPRISES THOSE ASPECTS OF

HUMAN HEALTH, INCLUDING QUALITY OF LIFE, THAT ARE
DETERMINED BY PHYSICAL, BIOLOGICAL, SOCIAL, AND
PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS IN THE ENVIRONMENT.

IT ALSO REFERS TO THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ASSESSING,

CORRECTING, CONTROLLING, AND PREVENTING THOSE FACTORS
IN THE ENVIRONMENT THAT CAN POTENTIALLY AFFECT
ADVERSELY THE HEALTH OF PRESENT AND FUTURE
GENERATIONS” (WHO, 1993)

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 INTEGRATED SERVICE SCHEME

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH OFFICER

/ ASSISTANT ENVIRONMENTAL
HEALTH OFFICER

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 GRED PERKHIDMATAN

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH OFFICER ( EHO ):

• GRADE U54
• GRADE U52
• GRADE U48
• GRADE U44
• GRADE U41

ASSISTANT ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH OFFICER (AEHO):

• GRADE U36
• GRADE U32
• GRADE U29
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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 PLACES OF EMPLOYMENT / ORGANIZATIONS

• Ministry Of Health
• Ministry Of Housing and Local Government
• Local Authorities
• Institutions of Higher Learning
• Department of Prime Minister (FELDA)
• Department Of Abrogines Affair
• Ministry Of Human Resource
• Ministry Of Defence
• Corporate Body (e.g PutraJaya Corporation)

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 THE ROLE OF EHO / AEHO

To carry out activities related to Public Health

including Environmental Health according to
appropriate scope of duties.

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 SCOPE OF DUTIES

• The Control of Communicable Diseases

• The Control of Non-Communicable Diseases
• The Control of Vector-Borne Diseases
• The Control of HIV / AIDS & STD
• The Control of Food Safety and Quality
• Public Health Engineering ( Rural Water Supply and Rural
Sanitation)
• The Control of Drinking Water Quality
• International Health ( Entry points)
• Legislation and Enforcement
• Health Promotion
• General Health 7

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 DISEASE CONTROL
(Communicable, Non-Communicable & Vector-
Borne

•To set Plan of Action

•Data collection and surveillance
•Investigation ( including Report Writing)
•Prevention and control
•Enforcement of related laws
•Management of epidemic
•Health Promotion
•Occupational Safety and Health 8

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 FOOD SAFETY AND QUALITY

•To set Plan of Action

•Food Sampling
•Food Premis Inspection
•Report Writing
•Monitoring of food importation and exportation
•Enforcement of related laws and regulations
•Processing applications for licenses ( natural
mineral water and packaged drinking water
•Data collection and analysis
•Health Promotion 9

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 Public Health Engineering (Rural Water Supply
and Rural Environmental Sanitation )

• Rural Water Supply:

• Piped Water Direct Connection
• Gravity Feed System
• Sanitary Well
• Rain Water Collection
• To introduce simple methods of refuse and sullage disposal
• To introduce proper excreta disposal
• Logistics management ( purchasing, maintenance,
repair and storage)
• Supervision and maintenance of projects
• Maintenance and calibration of testing-equipments
• Health Promotion

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 Dringking Water Quality Control

• To prepare sampling schedule of public water supply

• To carry out sampling and in-situ tests
• To carry out corrective actions on violations of public water
supply
• To carry out regular Sanitary Survey of The Water Supply
System
• Maintenance and calibration of testing equipments
• Collection and analysis of data
• Report Writing

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 International Health (Entry Points)

• Inspection of vessels ( for Port Health Clearance or issuing of Ship

Sanitation and Control Certificate)
• General sanitation of entry points (food premise inspection, water
sampling, investigating complains)
• Screening of international travellers
• Communicable Diseases Control ( Yellow Fever, Plague , Cholera
and any disease determined by WHO, from time to time
• Food Importation – monitoring, screening and sampling
• Importation of dead bodies / organs / tissues and organism –
processing applications for permits and inspection
• Vector Control ( monitoring ovi-trap index and flea-index)
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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 LEGISLATION AND ENFORCEMENT

•To set and execute Plan of Action

•To carry out activities on enforcement of the various
public health laws
•To carry out operations on enforcement
•To act as investigating / prosecution officer
•To prepare Investigation Paper
•Management of legal documents and exhibits
•To act as departmental witness in legal proceedings

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 HEALTH PROMOTION

To set the Plan of Action -

Plan, co-ordinate and execute Health Promotion
Activities:
• Health talks, small-group discussions
• Receiving and distribution of health promotion
materials.
• Exhibitions, Seminar, dialogue etc
• Special Projects – PROSTAR , COMBI etc
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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 GENERAL HEALTH

• Investigation of complains
• Inspection of educational institutions (Schools, Kindergartens, etc
• Inspection of detention centre (Jails / lock-ups, rehabilitation centre ,
illegal immigrants transit etc)
• Vetting of building plans
• Environmental health impact assessment on development projects
• Disaster Management
• Any other relevant activities pertaining to public health

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 THE REQUIRED COMPETENCY
FUNCTIONAL SKILLS:
• Knowledgeable, skillful and posses understandings in carrying out
activities towards achieving public health

• Understand the importance and able to carry out enforcement of the

public health laws.

• Knowledgeable, skillful and posses understandings in Occupational

Safety and Health – able to assess risks at work place, investigating
poisoning due to chemicals, investigating diseases related to
occupations and conducting health promotion among the employers
/ workers
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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 PUBLIC HEALTH LAWS

(1) Destruction of Disease-Bearing Insect Act 1975

– Act 154 and Regulations
(2) Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Act 1988 –
Act 342 and Regulations
(3) Food Act 1983 - Act 281 and Regulations
(4) Control of Tobacco Product Regulations 2004
(5) Hydrogen Cyanide Act 1953 (Revised 1981) and
Regulations
(5) Public Health Ordinance Sabah
(6) Public Health Ordinance Sarawak 17

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 Other Related Laws

1. Occupational Safety and Health Act - 1994 and Regulations

2. Environmental Quality Act 1974 and Regulations

3. Local Government Act 1976

4. Street , Drainage and Building Act 1974

5. Child Care Centre Act 1984

6. Workers’ Minimum Standards of Housing and Amenities

Act 1990

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 Other Related Laws (…continued)

7. Licensing of Atomic Energy Act 1984

8. Slaughter House Act (Privatization) 1993

9. Private Health Care Service and Facilities Act 1998

10.Solid Waste Management and Public Sanitation Act 2007

11.National Water Service Industry Act 2006

12.Pesticide Act1974

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 “PROCEDURAL LAWS”

1.Criminal Procedure Code (Revised 1999)

2.Evidence Act 1950

3.Interpretation Act 1948 (Revised1989)

4.Lower Court Act 1948

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 APPOINTMENT OF
AUTHORIZED OFFICERS

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 APPOINTMENT OF AUTHORIZED
OFFICERS

• THE DESTRUCTION OF DISEASE- • INSPECTOR [subsection 2(1)]

BEARING INSECTS ACT 1975 • By the Director General /
Medical Oficer of Health

• FOOD ACT 1983 • Authorized Officer [subsection

3(2)]
• By the Minister

• PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF • Authorized Officer [subsection

INFECTIOUS DISEASE ACT 1988 3(1)]
(Act 342) • By the Minister

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 AUTHORIZATION

Authorization of authorized
officer appointed under
subsection 3(2) of the food
act by the minister shall be
furnished with the issuing of
certificate of authorization

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

IDENTIFICATION CARD OF
AUTHORIZATION

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BAHAGIAN MUKA HADAPAN

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT
IDENTIFICATION CARD OF
AUTHORIZATION

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BAHAGIAN MUKA BELAKANG
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT
 PUBLIC HEALTH
AUTHORIZATION BADGE

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 DELEGATION OF POWER FOR THE
PURPOSE OF PREMISE CLOSURE
UNDER THE FOOD ACT 1983

The Authorized Officer may be delegated

by the Director, the power to close
unhygienic food premises under Section
10 and 11 of the Food Act.

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 CATEGORY OF OFFICERS THAT MAY BE
DELEGATED THE POWER TO CLOSE UNHYGIENIC
FOOD PREMISES UNDER SECTION 10 AND 11 OF
THE FOOD ACT 1983.

- Medical Officer of Health

- Environmental Health Officer

- Assistant Environmental Health
Officer (Grade U32 and above)

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

 POWER TO COMPOUND
The Director or any Authorized Officer authorized
by the Director has the power to compound under
Section 33 of the Food Act 1983 - to compound any
compoundable offences under the Act.

Officers that may be delegated the power -

- Medical Officer of Health

- Environmental Health Officer
- Assistant Environmental Health Officer
- Public Health Assistant

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 CONCLUSION:
Basically, the roles of EHO / AEHO are:

1. To inspect / investigate / take sample

2. To produce report, to evaluate and to come up with
suggestions
3. To collect ,evaluate & documentation of data
4. Health Promotion
5. Enforcement and prosecution
6. Administration (record, returns, supervision)

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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DEPARTMENT

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