Luka Bakar

Rudi Haryono, Ns
Luka Bakar

Suatu trauma yang disebabkan oleh panas,

arus listrik, bahan kimia dan petir yang
mengenai kulit, mukosa dan jaringan yang
lebih dalam.
Etiologi

Luka Bakar Suhu Tinggi (Thermal

Burn) ; Gas, Cairan, dan Bahan padat
(Solid)
Luka Bakar Bahan Kimia (Chemical
Burn)
Luka Bakar Sengatan Listrik (Electrical
Burn)
Luka Bakar Radiasi (Radiasi Injury)
Kedalaman Luka Bakar

1. Derajat 1: mengenai lapisan epidermis, spt

: kena sinar matahari. Tidak perlu terapi.

2. Derajat 2 : mengenai dermis, menyisakan

sel basal, kel keringat / sebacea; Tandanya 
ada bulla.

3. Derajat 3 : seluruh lapisan, subkutis dan

fascia dan mengenai otot dan organ
dibawahnya
1
2

Derajat 1 : epidermis
Derajat 2 : dermis
Derajat 3 : dermis + organ di-
bawahnya
LUAS LUKA BAKAR

Rule of Nines (Wallace)

 cepat, hampir akurat

 anak-anak sendiri
 hanya utk diluar RS
LUAS LUKA BAKAR

Lund and Browder chart

 Paling akurat
 Koreksi umur
LUKA BAKAR BERAT

1. Lebih dari 10% pada penderita < 10

tahun atau > 50 tahun
2. Lebih dari 20% diluar usia tsb diatas
3. Mengenai wajah, mata, telinga, tangan,
kaki, genitalia, perineum, persendian
utama
4. Luka bakar derajat 3 > 5%
NEXT…LUKA BAKAR BERAT

5. Luka bakar listrik

6. Luka bakar bahan kimia
7. Trauma inhalasi
8. Pada penderita penyakit kronis :
diabetes, jantung, paru
9. Adanya trauma penyerta
Surgical
Escharotomy
Excision of the Burn Wound
Skin Grafts

Non Surgical
Management of Infection
Management by Depth of
Burn
Management by Depth of Burn

Superficial Thickness Burns

The care of a superficial-thickness burn is

simple, often requiring only the application of a
moisturizer on the wound. The goal is to provide
an environment that encourages
reepithelialization of the wound.
Partial-Thickness Burns
The goal of wound management of partial
thickness burns is to prepare them for primary
healing.

First, they should be cleansed.

It is generally felt that small, sturdy blisters
can be left intact, but large or fragile blisters
should be debrided. If there is a concern about
infection, then an antibacterial agent may also
be applied to the wound surface. The most
common antimicrobial agents used on partial-
thickness wounds are ointments or creams.
Full-Thickness Burns

Debridement of full-thickness burn wounds is

accomplished in the operating room as part of
surgical excision and skin grafting.
The clinician’s goal is therefore to prepare the
wound for surgical management by controlling
infection, rather than to promote primary
healing.
 Burn Dressings, Ointments, and Creams

Hydrogels
Silver-impregnated gauze dressings.
Ointment; Bacitracin, Polymyxin B sulfate,
Neomycin.
Antimicrobial agents; Silver sulfadiazine,
Mafenide acetate 0.5% cream (Sulfamylon)