TEXT STRUCTURES

- Determining how a
material is organized.
 Organization of text

understanding main topic &

supporting points

aid in writing effective

paragraphs and essays
 Group Activity (10 min)

1. Read the excerpt given to

your group and identify the
following:
a. Author’s purpose
b. Audience
2. Explain how the text was
organized.
 On April 23, 1564, William
Shakespeare was born in Stratford-
on-Avon in England. He attended a
local grammar school in town. At
the age of 18 he married Ann
Hathaway. Several years later he
travelled to London. By the time he
was 28 he had established his
reputation by acting and writing
plays. Other than these facts, little is
known of Shakespear’s early life.
 1. CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
- Often used in fiction,
biography, and
autobiography
- May include flashbacks
that describe previous
events and/ or experiences
2. SPATIAL ORDER
- Used for descriptive writing
- May include left-to-right,
top-to-bottom, front-to-
back, or inner-to-outer
descriptions
3. LOGICAL ORDER
- Often used in persuasive
speeches and essays
- May use patterns of logic in a
number of ways:
a. Inductive reasoning-
specific or particular facts
lead to a general conclusion.
b. Deductive reasoning- a
general truth leads to the of
specific or particular cases.
a. Cause and effect- explanation
by telling why or how something
happened. Describes how two or
more events are related or
connected.
4. ANALYSIS/CLASSIFICATION
- Used for explaining , defining,
and directing
- May use the following patterns:
a. Definition- give the
meaning of an entity.
b. Static description- gives the
reader a detailed observation.
Crispness is achieved
through sensory language.
c. Process description- it gives
the readers a clear description
of how something is done.
d. Comparison and
contrast
-it draws the reader’s
attention to similarities
and differences.
 Activity
Read each paragraph
carefully and determine
the text structure.
 Assignment
1.What is a thesis
statement?
2.What are the
features of a thesis
statement?