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Phase Shifting Transformers

Maulik Chauhan
15BEE022
8th May,2019

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Why do we need PST?
• Energy market is growing in India, more demand hence more generation.
• The crucial tie between these two is Transmission and it must be capable
of fulfilling this increase.
• One way of doing this is to lay new transmission corridors or optimally
using the existing corridors.
• Sometimes it is necessary to provide additional corridor in order to
maintain system’s reliability. Overloading sometimes may pose stability
issues, which may lead to unwanted tripping, equipment failures.
• The optimal use of existing corridor is done with the help of Phase Shifting
Transformer(West coast American usage) or Quadrature Booster(British
usage).

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Concept
• Power flow through the line is proportional to the sine of the difference in
the phase angle of the voltage between the sending end and the receiving
end of the line.
• When circuits with different transmission capabilities are connected in
parallel, direct manipulation of the phase angle allows control of the
division of power flow between the paths, preventing overloading.
• Thus, phase shifting transformer helps in rerouting the power through
more favourable paths.

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Working
• The current distribution depends on impedance of line.
• Two separate units- shunt unit and a series unit.
• Tap changer are provided in the shunt unit to regulate the magnitude of
VPST ,hence the load angle and hence the power.

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Working(Cont.)
Rating of PST
• PST’s can be designed with fixed or variable phase angle. For a variable
phase angle design, a load tap changer (LTC) and a regulating winding is
required.
• The maximum regulating capacity is limited by the capacity of available
tap changers.
• Siemens PST units -
 700MVA, 230kV, 60Hz
 ±32° no load (± 24Taps); load 22.2°..-41.8°
 Noise Level < 74 dB(A) with fans

 800MVA, 230kV, 60Hz


 ±35° no load (± 32Taps); load 25.1°..-44.9°
 Noise Level < 77dB(A)

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ABB

System voltage up to 420 kV


Through-put rating up to 1,630 MVA
Shifting angle 70 degrees
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References
• http://www.ijcee.org/papers/487-N20041.pdf
• Weedy, D. (1988). Electrical Power Systems. Wiley. ISBN
978-0-471-97677-6
• https://new.abb.com/products/transformers/power/system-int
ertie-transformers/phase-shifting
• https://w3.usa.siemens.com/smartgrid/us/en/events/Docu
ments/Transformer%20Technical%20Seminar_Spring%202016/
2-7_May%2025_McIver_Phase%20Shifter%20Principles.pdf
• https://new.siemens.com/global/en/products/energy/high-vol
tage/transformers/phase-shifting-transformers.html

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Thank You

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