The document summarizes the preservation of the Quran through memorization, documentation, and standardization. It discusses how the Prophet and companions memorized the Quran individually and collectively. It also describes how parts of the Quran were documented during the Prophet's life, the compilation of the Quran manuscript under Abu Bakr, and the standardization of Quran readings under Uthman to unify recitation across Islamic lands. The authenticity of the Quran is discussed from historical, practical, and miraculous perspectives.
The document summarizes the preservation of the Quran through memorization, documentation, and standardization. It discusses how the Prophet and companions memorized the Quran individually and collectively. It also describes how parts of the Quran were documented during the Prophet's life, the compilation of the Quran manuscript under Abu Bakr, and the standardization of Quran readings under Uthman to unify recitation across Islamic lands. The authenticity of the Quran is discussed from historical, practical, and miraculous perspectives.
The document summarizes the preservation of the Quran through memorization, documentation, and standardization. It discusses how the Prophet and companions memorized the Quran individually and collectively. It also describes how parts of the Quran were documented during the Prophet's life, the compilation of the Quran manuscript under Abu Bakr, and the standardization of Quran readings under Uthman to unify recitation across Islamic lands. The authenticity of the Quran is discussed from historical, practical, and miraculous perspectives.
Preservation B. Compilation, and C. Standardization. PRESERVATION OF THE QUR’AN A) Memorization B) Documentation MEMORIZATION
The Prophet the first Hafiz.
Prophet’s haste. ه( )16إ َّ ن اعلا ْيناا ج ا ل بِّ ِّ ك لِّت ْاع ا سانا ا ه لِّ ا اَل ُتح ِّار ْ ك بِّ ِّ ِّ ْ ام اع ُه و ُاق ْرآنا ُه( )17اف ِّإ اذا اق ارأنااه فات ِّبع ق ْرآناه()18 ُ ُ ْ َّ ا ُ ج ْ ن اعلا ْيناا باياانا ُه( )19القيامة. م إ َّ َّ ُ ث ِّ Prophet and companions. Individual and collective learning. Prophet’s recitation. Rehearsal with Jibril. Recitation in groups. Abu Musa al-Ash`ari. Abdullah bin Mas`ud. Abu Bakr in his Surau. Mushrik leaders’ and the Qur’an. Abu Jahl, Abu Sufyan and Akhnas. RECORDING 40 scribes. Four caliphs, Ubay bin Ka`ab, Mu`adh bin Jabal, Zayd bin Thabit, Khalid, Mu`awiyah etc. Divine order.. Jibril’s rehearsal and the order. Writing materials: Some papers, animal skin, light stone, branches of date palm, scapula of Camels etc. Leather bag. Companions’ borrowing. The last revelation: م ُت او َّفى ُك ُّ ل ّللا ُث َّ ه إِّلاى ِّ ج ُع ا ون فِّي ِّ ( وااتَّ ُق ْ وا يا ْوماً ُت ْر ا م ا م َل ا ُي ْ ظل ا ُ تو ُ سب ا ْ س َّما اك ا ون) (البقرة : اه ْ نا ْف ٍ ) 281 Prophet’s departure and the Qur’anic compilation Continuous revelation Nasikh and Mansukh The order Time (2:281) Emergencies. COMPILATION
Abu Bakr’s caliphate and terrible
challenges. The apostates, the deniers to pay zakat, false Prophets. Battle of Yamamah. ‘Umar’s proposal to Caliph. Caliph’s hesitation. Zayd’s approach. Selection of Zayd: reasons. ‘Umar’s role in compilation. Zayd’s role. Methodology: Written, Witnesses, Memorized. Compilation: 1 year. Ijma`. Abu Bakr, ‘Umar and Hafsah bint ‘Umar. STANDARDIZATION Background Expansion of Islamic territory. Huge new converts at Syria in the war of Armenia and Azerbaijan. Serious differences and conflicts. Hudhayfah al-Yaman’s (R.A.) appeal to Caliph. ‘Uthman’s (r.a.) consultation with the members of Shura. Committee Members: 4 Source. Language. Few copies. Various regions. Authenticated copy. Issue of burning. The same Qur’an exists today. BETWEEN COMPILATION AND STANDARDIZATION A) Background B) Source C) Reading style D) Compiler E) Copy no. AUTHENTICITY OF THE QUR’AN A) Historical perspective B) Practical perspective C) Its Message D) Its Style E) Miraculous and Challenging F) Admonitions to Prophet A) Historical Perspective Allah’s protection for the Qur’an. Memorization and documentation. The Companions memorized and wrote it. Prophetic confirmation after writing. His rehearsal with Jibril. Abu Bakr and ‘Uthman’s roles in compilation. B) Practical perspective
Distortion of divine book/s.
Torah and injil. Babylonian massacre in 586BC and Torah. Compilation by Ezra, and scientific method. Original Injil lost. From 70 Injils. Divinely revealed? Jesus dictated? 3 centuries after Jesus. Survey by Munich university on 40000 copies of the Qur’an for about 50 years. C) Its Message Comprehensive, rational, balanced, all- time valid. Comparison with Human books. D) Its Language and Style Wonderful, highly noble and pure. You can’t replace it by any other word. E) Miraculous and Challenging Whole Qur’an: Surah Tur 33-34, Ten chapters: Surah Hud 13-14 One chapter: Baqarah 23-24, Yunus: 38 Whole mankind and Jinns: Isra’: 88 F) Admonitions to Prophet Story of a Blind man (Surah ‘Abasa) Prisoners of Badr (Anfal: 67) Marriage of Zaynab and Prophet’s hesitation (Ahzab: 37) Halal thing was made haram (Tahrim 1- 5) ه ) اْل ا ا44(يل ُ خ ْذناا ِّم ْن ِّ ِّ او ا ق اْل ا ْ ل اعلا ْيناا ب ْاعضا والا ْو تا اق َّو ا ) افماا46( م لا اقطا ْعناا ِّم ْن ُه ْال اوتِّينا َّ ) ُث45(ين ِّ مِّ ا ي ْ ِّب ال .) الحاقة47( ج ِّزينا ِّ ح ٍد اع ْن ُه حاا نأ اا ْ م ِّم ْ ِّم ْن ُك