A

Project On

Production of Bio-Ethanol From Banana Peels

Submitted By

Mr. Pavan S Khandekar (16CH312 )

Mr. Prathamesh P Satarkar (16CH320)

Under the Guidance of

Prof. R S Raut

Department of Chemical Engineering

AISSMS Collage Of Engineering, Pune -411001

(Academic Year 2018-2019)

 CONTENTS

• Introduction

• Literature survey

• Methodology

• Material Balance

• Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION

• What is bio-ethanol ?

• Bio-ethanol is oxygenated fuel .

• Bio-ethanol is an alcohol made by fermentation

• Bioethanol derived from biomass the only liquid transportation fuels that does not
contribute to the green house gas effect.
 Literature Survey

• Throughout the years, numerous researches had been done on the biofuel
technology.

• As the technology evolved, the biofuel generally can be classified into two major
categories by the feedstock nature itself.

• The first generation biofuel (conventional biofuel) is mainly referred to the fuel
that had been derived from sources like starch, sugar, animal fats and vegetable
oil.

• However, the first generation biofuel cannot produce enough biofuel without
threatening food supplies and biodiversity.
• Second generation bio-fuel is developed to extend the amount of biofuel that can
be produced sustainably by using biomass consisting of the residual non-food
parts of current crops, such as waste agriculture stems, leaves, husks and skins
• Hossain and Ahmed, 2008, studied production of Bioethanol from rotten banana
as an environmental waste management and sustainable energy.
• Arredondo and Colorado,2009, Studied on Production of ethanol from Banana
Fruit and its Lignocellulosic Residues: Energy and Renewability Analysis.

• Abdullah et.al. 2010, studied production of Bioethanol from agricultural waste.

He developed the small scale reactor system for production of Bioethanol from
banana
 Raw Material

• Banana

• Yeast

• Water
 Properties Of Ethanol
• Physical Properties
• Pure ethanol is colourless liquid.
• It has specific smell and burning taste.
• It is soluble in water i.e. it is miscible with water in all proportion.
• Chemical Properties
• Molecular formula is 𝐶2 𝐻6 𝑂
• Density 810 kg / m3; (0.810 g / cm3)
• molecular mass of 46.07
• Melting point 158.9 K (-114.1 ° C)
• Boiling point 351.6 K (78.6 ° C)
• Critical temperature 514 K (241 ° C)
• Critical pressure 63 atm.
Methodology
• Collected waste banana dry in hot sun light till seven day.

• Dried material boil with water, add sugar in it.

• Keep Boiled slurry to cool and filter, then feed to feed tank.

• Yeast boil with water, cool and filter, then feed to yeast tank.

• Combine both slurry in fermenter/reactor.

• During that period, collect the product from Day 1 to Day 3 to monitor the
changes in slurry.
 Fermentation

• Process of production of alcohol from sugar. Carried out in absence of air.

• In anaerobic condition ---->Ethanol

• In aerobic condition----> Ethanoic acid

• Carried out in temperature (18°C - 35°C) & at normal or acidic pH (4 - 7)

• C12H22O11 + H2O----->2(C6H12O6)
• C6H12O6 ------>2C2H5OH + 2CO2
 Uses of Ethanol

• Ethanol is present in alcoholic beverages such as beer, wine, whisky.

• Ethanol is used as antiseptic for sterillising wounds.

• Ethanol is used in cough syrups, digestive syrups and tonics.

• Ethanol is used for preparation of chloroform, iodoform, ethanoic

acid, ethanol, ethyl ethanoate etc.

• Ethyl alcohol is used as hypnotic (induces sleep)

 Material Balance
After Fermentation
Feed Product + Residue
Feed=106 ml
Product=54 ml
Volume of distillate=54 ml
Density of distillate=0.789gm/ml
Volume% of ethanol in distillate=1%
Volume of ethanol in distillate= Volume% of ethanol * Volume of distillate
=0.01*54
=0.54ml
Weight of ethanol= Volume of ethanol * Density of ethanol
=0.54*0.789
=0.426gm
Moles of ethanol =weight of ethanol/molecular weight
=0.426/46
=0.00926moles
Volume of water in distillate=volume of distillate-vol. of ethanol
=54-0.54
=53.46ml
Weight of water =Volume of water*Density of water
=53.46*1
=53.46gm
Moles of water =weight of water /molecular weight
=53.46/18
=2.97moles
Total moles= moles of ethanol + moles of water
=0.00926+2.97
= 2.979 moles
Mole fraction of ethanol in distillate = moles of ethanol /total moles
=0.00926/2.979
=000310
 References

• Hossain and Ahmed, studied production of Bioethanol from rotten banana as an

environmental waste management and sustainable energy, 2008

• Arredondo and Colorado,, Studied on Production of ethanol from Banana Fruit

and its Lignocellulosic Residues: Energy and Renewability Analysis, 2009

• Abdullah et.al., studied production of Bioethanol from agricultural waste. He

developed the small scale reactor system for production of Bioethanol from
banana, 2010
 Conclusion

After experiment we observe that ethanol % in banana peels is present, so conclude

that this process is feasible to carry out if we increase the concentration of banana
peels in process we get higher ethanol yield.