FUNCTIONS

Prepared by:
Ms. C
 Which is true?
•Every relation is a function.

•Every function is a relation.

 Relations vs. Functions
Relations
- Is a rule that relates values from a set
of values (domain) to a second set of
values (range).
- The elements of the domain can be
imagined as input to a machine that
applies a rule to these inputs to generate
one or more outputs.
- Is also a set of ordered pairs (x , y)
Functions
- Is a relation where each element in the
domain is related to only one value in
the range by some rule.
- The elements of the domain can be
imagined as input to a machine that
applies rule so that each input
corresponds to only one output.
- is a set of ordered pairs (x , y) such that
no two ordered pairs have the same x-
value but different y-values.
Types of Functions
Linear Function
Types of Functions
Quadratic Function
Types of Functions
Absolute Value Function
 Types of Functions
4. Piecewise Function
is defined by multiple
subfunctions, where each
subfunction applies to a
certain interval of the main
function’s domain.
Piecewise Function
The Function as a Machine
The Function as a Machine
The Function as a Machine
The Function as a Machine
The Function as a Machine
The Function as a Machine
The Function as a Machine
The Function as a Machine
Functions and Relations as a Table of Values
a. f = {(1 , 2), (2 , 2), (3 , 5), (4 , 5)}

b. g = {(1 , 3), (1 , 4), (2 ,5), (2 , 6), (3 , 7)}

c. h = {(1 , 3), (2 , 6), (3 , 9), . . . , (n , 3n), . . .}

Relations and Functions in Mapping Diagrams
Functions as a graph in the Cartesian Plane
Functions as a graph in the Cartesian Plane
Functions as a graph in the Cartesian Plane
Functions as a graph in the Cartesian Plane
Functions as a graph in the Cartesian Plane
 Functions as an Explicit Formula
a. 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1
2
b. 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 2
2 2
c. 𝑥 +𝑦 =1
d. 𝑦 = 𝑥+1
2𝑥+1
e. 𝑦=
𝑥−1
Functions as representations of Real-
life Situations
a. Give a function C that can represent the cost of
buying x meals, if one meal costs Php40.00
Answer: 𝐶 𝑥 = 40𝑥
b. One hundred meters of fencing is available to
enclose a rectangular area next to a river. Give a
function A that can represent the area that can be
enclosed, in terms of 𝑥.
𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 100
 Piecewise Functions
a. A user is charged Php300.00 monthly for a particular
mobile plan, which includes 100 text messages.
Messages in excess of 100 are charged Php1.00 each.
Represent the amount a consumer pays each month as
a function of the number of messages m sent in a
month.
300 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑚 ≤ 100
Answer: 𝑡 𝑚 = ቊ
300 + 𝑚 𝑖𝑓 𝑚 > 100
 Piecewise Functions
• A jeepney ride costs Php8.00 for the first 4 kilometers,
and each additional integer kilometer adds Php1.50 to
the fare. Use a piecewise function to represent the
jeepney fare in terms of the distance d in kilometers.
8 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑑 ≤ 4
Answer: 𝑓 𝑑 = ቊ
8 + 1.5 𝑑 𝑖𝑓 𝑑 > 4
Identify if the given represents a function or a
mere relation.
1. 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 9 4.
2. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25
3.

5.
 Activity
1. Provide a real-life example or scenario that can be
expressed as a relation that is not a function.
2. A videoke machine can be rented for Php1000.00 for
3 days, but for the fourth day onwards, an additional
cost of hp400.00 per day is added. Represent the
cost renting a videoke machine as a piecewise
function of the number of days it is rented.
 Activity
3. The cost of hiring a catering service to serve food for
a party is Php150.00 per head for 20 persons or less,
Php130.00 per head for 21 to 50 persons, and
Php110.00 per head for 51 to 100 persons. For 100 or
more persons, the cost is at Php100.00 per head.
Represent the total cost as a piecewise function of the
number of attendees of the party.