Opening Prayer

EQUATIONS
APPLIED PROBLEMS
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
By:
FRANCISCA CAMAROTE MARAVILLA
EQUATIONS

How do you define an equation?

An Equation( or equality ) is a statement that two quantities or expressions are

equal.
Linear Equation is an equation that can be written in the
form ax + b = 0, where a ≠ 0. It has exactly one solution.
Example 1. Solving a linear equation
Solve the equation 6x-7=2x+ 5
Solution:
6x-7=2x+ 5 given
(6x-7) + 7 = (2x+5) + 7 add 7
6x= 2x + 12 simplify
6x-2x= (2x+12)-2x subtract 2x
4x=12 simplify
4𝑥 12
= divide by 4
4 4
X=3 simplify
Check: x=3
LS : 6(3)-7= 18-7=11
RS: 2(3) + 5 =6 + 5 =11
Since 11=11 is a true statement, x=3 is a solution
Example 2. Solving an equation
Solve the equation (8x-2)(3x+4)=(4x+3)(6x-1)
Solution:
(8x-2)(3x+4)=(4x+3)(6x-1) given
24x2+26x-8=24x2+14x-3 multiply factors
26x-8=14x-3 subtract 24x2
12x-8= -3 subtract 14x
12x=5 add 8
5
X= divide by 12
12
5
Hence, the solution of the given equation is
12
Example 3. An equation with no solution
3𝑥 6
Solve the equation =1+ .
𝑥−2 𝑥−2
Solution:
3𝑥 6
=1+ given
𝑥−2 𝑥−2
3𝑥 6
( ) (x-2) = 1 (x-2) + (x-2) multiply by (x-2)
𝑥−2 𝑥−2
3x= (x-2) +6 simplify
3x = x + 4 simplify
2x = 4 subtract x
X= 2 divide by 2
Check: x = 2
3 (2) 6
LS: =
2 −2 0

Since division by 0 is not permissible, x=2 is not a

solution.
Hence, the given equation has no solution.
In this example, we have obtain a possible solution,
x=2, but a number is not a solution of the given
equation.
Such number or solution is called extraneous
solution or extraneous root of the given equation.
Guidelines for solving an Equation Containing
Rational Expressions

1. Determine the LCD of the rational expressions.

2. Find the values of the variable that make the LCD zero.
This are not solutions because they yield at least one zero
denominator when substituted to the given equation.
3. Multiply each term of the equation by the LCD and simplify,
thereby eliminating all the denominators.
4. Solve the equation obtain in guideline 3.
5. The solution of the given equation are the solution found in
guideline 4, with the exclusion found in guideline 2.
Example 4. An equation containing rational expressions
3 5 2
Solve the equation - = .
2𝑥−4 𝑥+3 𝑥−2
Solution:
Guideline 1. Rewriting the denominator 2x-4 as 2(x-2), we see that the lcd
of the three rational expressions is 2(x-2)(x + 3).
Guideline 2. The values of x that make the lcd 2(x-2)(x + 3) zero are 2 and
-3, so these numbers cannot be solution of the equation.
Guideline 3. Multiplying each term of the equation by the lcd and simplifying
gives the following:
3 5 2
2(x-2)(x + 3) - 2(x−2)(x + 3) = 2(x-2)(x + 3)
2𝑥−4 𝑥+3 𝑥−2
3 ( x+3)-10(x-2)= 4(x+3) cancel like factors
3x+9-10x+20=4x+12 multiply factorss
Guideline 4. We solve the last equation obtained in guideline 3.
3x-10x-4x = 12-9-20 subtract 4x,9 and 20
-11x=-17 combine like terms
17
x= divide by -11
11
17
Guideline 5. Since is not included among the values (2 and -
11
17
3) that make the lcd zero ( guideline 2), we see that x= is a
11
solution of the given equation.
Example 5. Relationship between
temperature scales.
The relationship between the temperature readings
5
C and F is given by C= (F-32). Solve for F.
9
Solution:
5
C= (F-32) given
9
9 9
C= F-32) multiply by
5 5
9
C +32=F add 32
5
9
F= C + 32 equivalent equation
5
Example 6. Resistors connected in parallel
1 1 1
In electrical theory, the formula = + is used to find the total
𝑅 𝑅1 𝑅2
resistance R when two resistors R1 and R2 are connected in parallel. Solve
for R1.
Solution:
1 1 1
= + given
𝑅 𝑅1 𝑅2
1 1 1
. RR1R2 = .RR1R2 + .RR1R2 multiply by the lcd,RR1R2
𝑅 𝑅1 𝑅2
R1R2 = RR2+ RR1 cancel common factors
R1R2-RR1 = RR2 collect terms with R1 on side
R1(R2-R) = RR2 factor out R1
RR2
R 1= divide by R2-R
R2−R
 1
An alternate method of solution is first solve for
𝑅1
1 1 1
= + given
𝑅 𝑅1 𝑅2
1 1 1
+ = equivalent equation
𝑅1 𝑅2 𝑅
1 1 1 1
= − subtract
𝑅1 𝑅 𝑅2 𝑅1
1 𝑅𝑅2
= combine fractions
𝑅1 𝑅2−R
If two nonzero numbers are equal, then so are their
reciprocal. Hence
RR2
R 1=
R2−R
Lets Practice
1. -3x+4=-1 14.
5
2 - 3𝑥−7 = 2
2. 4x-3=-5x+6 1 4
15.
2𝑥−1
= 8𝑥−4
3. 4(2y+5)=3(5y-2)
7 4 5
1 2 16. − =
4. 𝑥+2=3 − 𝑥 𝑦2−4 𝑦+2 𝑦−2
5 7
17. (x+3)3-(3x-1)2 =x3+4
5. 0.3(3+2x) + 1.2x =3.2
9𝑥 3
3+5𝑥 4−𝑥 18. = 2+
6. = 3𝑥−1 3𝑥−1
5 7
1 3 3𝑥+8
13+2𝑥 3 19. + =
7. = 𝑥+4 𝑥−4 𝑥2−16
4𝑥+1 4
4 1 5𝑥−6
5 3 20. + =
8. 8- =2+ 𝑥−2 𝑥−2 𝑥2−4
𝑥 𝑥

9. ( 3x-2)2 =(x-5)(9x+4)
10. (5x-7)(2x+1)-10x(x-4) = 0
3𝑥+1 2𝑥+5
11. =
6𝑥−2 4𝑥−13
2 4 7
12. + =
5 10𝑥+5 2𝑥+1
3 5 3
13. − =
2𝑥−4 3𝑥−6 5
1. -3x+4=-1 5
8. 8 - 𝑥 = 2 +
3 Answer: No solution
𝑥
5 1 4
Answer: x= 4 15. =
3 Answer: 2𝑥−1 8𝑥−4
3
2. 4x-3=-5x+6 Answer: All real numbers
9. ( 3x-2)2 =(x-5)(9x+4) 1
Answer: 1 24
except 2
Answer: - 29 7 4 5
3. 4(2y+5)=3(5y-2) 16. 2 − =
26
10. (5x-7)(2x+1)-10x(x-4) = 0 𝑦 −4 𝑦+2 𝑦−2
Answer: 5
7
Answer:
7 Answer: 9
1 2 31
4. 𝑥+2=3 − 𝑥 3𝑥+1 2𝑥+5 17. (x+3)3-(3x-1)2 =x3+4
5 7
11. =
35 6𝑥−2 4𝑥−13 2
Answer:17 3 Answer: - 3
Answer: - 61
5. 0.3(3+2x) + 1.2x =3.2 18.
9𝑥
=2+
3
2 4 7 3𝑥−1 3𝑥−1
23 12. + =
Answer: 5 10𝑥+5 2𝑥+1
Answer: No solution
18
29
3+5𝑥 4−𝑥 Answer: 1 3 3𝑥+8
6. = 4 19. + =
5 7
3 5 3 𝑥+4 𝑥−4 𝑥2−16
1 13. − =
Answer:- 2𝑥−4 3𝑥−6 5 Answer: 0
40
31
13+2𝑥 3 Answer: 20.
4
+
1
=
5𝑥−6
7. = 18 𝑥−2 𝑥−2 𝑥2−4
4𝑥+1 4
5
49 14. 2 - =2 Answer: All real nos. except ±2
Answer: 3𝑥−7
4
 APPLIED PROBLEMS

Equations are often used to solve applied problems- that is , problems that
involved applications of mathematics to other fields. Because of the unlimited
variety of applied problems, it is difficult to state specific rules for finding
solutions.
Guidelines for Solving Applied Problems

1. If the problem is stated in writing, read it carefully several times and think
about the given facts, together with the unknown quantity that is to be
found.
2. Introduce the letter to denote the unknown quantity
3. If appropriate, draw a picture and label it.
4. List the known facts, together with any relationships that involved the
unknown quantity.
5. After analyzing the list in guideline 4, formulate an equation that describes
precisely what is stated in words.
6. Solved the equation formulated in guideline 5.
7. Check the solutions obtained in guideline 6.
Example 1: Test average
A student in algebra course has test scores of 64 and 78. What
score on the third test will give the student an average of 80?
Solution:
Guideline 1 Read the problem at least one more time.
Guideline 2 The unknown quantity is the score on the third test, so we let x= score on the 3rd test.
Guideline 3 A picture or diagram is unnecessary for this problem.
Guideline 4 Known facts are scores of 64 and 78 on the first two tests. A relationship that involves
64+78+𝑥
x is the average score of 64, 78, and x. Thus, average score = .
3

Guideline 5 Since the average score in guideline 4 is to be 80, we consider the equation
64+78+𝑥
= 80
3

Guideline 6 We solve the equation formulated in guideline 5:

64 + 78 + x = 80 ∙ 3 multiply by 3
142 + x = 240 simplify
x= 98 subtract 142
Guideline 7 Check. If the three test scores are 64, 78, and 98, then the average is
64+78+98 240
= = 80
3 3
Example 2. Calculating a presale price
A clothing store holding a clearance sale advertises that all prices have been
discounted 20%. If a shirt is on sale for $28, what was its presale price?
Solution:
Since the unknown quantity is the presale price, we let x= presale price.
We next note the following facts:
0.20x= discount of 20% on presale price
28= sale price
The sale price is determined as follows:
(presale price)-(discount)= sale price
Translating the last equation into symbols and then solving gives us
x-0.20x=28 formulate the equation
0.80x= 28 subtract 0.20x from 1x
28
x= = 35 divide by 0.80
0.80

The presale price was $35.

Check. If a $35 shirt is discounted 20%, then the discount (in dollars) is
(0.20)(35)=7 and the sale price is 35-7 or $28.
Example 3. Investing money in two stocks
An investments firm has $100,000 to invest for a client and decides to invest it in two stocks, A
and B. The expected annual rate of return, or simple interest, for stock A is 15%, but there is
some risk involved, and the client does not wish to invest more than $50,000 in this stock. The
annual rate of return on the more stable stock B is anticipated to be 10%. Determine whether
there is a way of investing the money so that the annual interest is
(a) $12,000 (b) $13,000
Solution:
The annual interest is given by I=Pr, which come from the simple interest formula I=Prt with t=1. If
we let x denote the amount invested in stock A, then 100,000-x will be invested in stock B. This
leads to the following equalities:
x=amount invested in stock A at 15%
100,000-x=amount invested in stock B at 10%
0.15x=annual interest from stock A
0.10(100,000-x)= annual interest from stock B
Adding the interest from both stocks, we obtain
total annual interest= 0.15x + 0.10 (100,000-x)
Simplifying the right hand side gives us
total annual interest=10,000 + 0.05x. (*)

(a) The total annual interest is $12,000 if

10,000+0.05x=12,000 from (*)
0.05x=2000 subtract 10,000
2000
x= = 40,000 divide by 0.05
0.05
Thus, $40,000 should be invested in stock A, and the remaining $60,000 should be
invested in stock B. Since the amount invested in stock A is not more than
$50,000, 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑦 𝑚𝑒𝑒𝑡𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡.
To check: 40,000(0.15) + 60,000(0.10)=6,000 + 6,000= 12,000.

(b) 10,000 + 0.05x=13,000 from (*)

0,05x=3,000 subtract 10,000
3,000
x= = 60,000. divide by 0.05
0.05

Thus $60,000 should be invested in stock A and the remaining $40,000 in stock B.
Example 4. Mixing Chemicals
A chemical has 10 mL of a solution that contains a 30% concentration of acid. How many mL of
pure acid must be added in order to increase the concentration to 50%?
Solution:
Let x= number of mL of pure acid to be added
Since we express the amount of pure acid in the final solution as either 3 + x or 0.5 (10 + x), we
obtain the equation 3+x= 0.50(10+x)
We now solve for x
3+x=5+0.5x multiply factors
0.5x=2 subtract 0.5x and 3
2
X= =4 divide by 0.5
0.5

Hence, 4 mL of pure acids should be added to the original solution

Check: If 4 mL of acid is added to the original solution, then the new solution contains 14mL, 7 mL
of which is pure acid.
Example 5. Replacing antifreeze
A radiator contains 8 quarts of a mixture of water and antifreeze. If 40% of the mixture is
antifreeze, how much of the mixture should be drained and replaced by pure antifreeze so that the
resultant mixture will contain 60% antifreeze?
Solution:
Let x= number of qt of mixture to be drained.
Since the number of quarts of pure antifreeze in the final mixture can be expressed as either
0.40(8-x) + x = 4.8.
We now solve for x:
3.2-0.4x+x=4.8 multiply factors
0.6 x = 1.6 combine x terms and subtract 3.2
1.6 16 8
x=0.6= =3 divide by 0.6
6
8
Thus, quarts should be drained from the original mixture.
3
Comparing times traveled by cars
Two cities are connected by means of a highway. A car leaves city B at 1:00 PM
and travel at a constant rate of 40 mi/hr toward city C. Thirty minutes later,
another car leaves B and travel towards C at a constant rate of 55 mi/hr. If the
lengths of the car are disregarded, at white time will the second car reach the
first car?
Solution:
Let t denote the number of hours after 1:00PM traveled by the first car. Since
1
the second car leaves B at 1:30 PM, it has traveled 2 hours less than the first.
This leads to the following table

Car Rate(mi/hr) Hours traveled Miles traveled

First Car 40 t 40t
Second Car 55 1
t-2
1
55(t-2)
We now solve:
55
55t- =40t multiply factors
2
55 55
15t= 2 subtract 40t and add 2
55 11
t= = divide by 15
30 6
5
Thus, t is 1 hours or , equivalently, 1 hour 50 minutes after 1:00 PM.
6
Consequently, the second car reaches the first car at 2:50 PM.
Example 7 Time required to do a job
Two pumps are available for filling a gasoline storage tank. Pump A, used alone,
can fill the tank in 3 hours, and pump B, used alone, can fill it in 4 hours. If both
pumps are used simultaneously, how long will it take to fill the tank?
Solution:
Let t denote the number of hours needed for A and B to fill the tank if used
simultaneously.
1
= part of the tank filled by A in 1 hr
3
1
= 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝐵 𝑖𝑛 1 ℎ𝑟
4
1
= 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘 𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵 𝑖𝑛 1 ℎ𝑟
𝑡

Using the fact that

(part filled by A in 1hr) + (part filled by B in 1 hr) = (part filled by A and B in 1hr)
1 1 1 7 12
we obtain 3 + = 𝑜𝑟 = 𝑜𝑟 𝑡=
4 𝑡 12 7
5
Thus, if pumps A and B are used simultaneously, the tank will be filled in 17
hours, or approximately 1hour 43 minutes.
Practice Exercises
1. A student in an algebra course has test scores of 75, 82, 71, and 84. What score on the next test
will raise the student’s average to 80?
2. A worker’s take-home pay is $492, after deductions totaling 40% of the gross pay have been
subtracted. What is the gross pay?
3. A persons intelligence quotient (IQ) is determined by multiplying the quotient of his or her
mental age and chronological age by 100.(a) Find the IQ of a 12-year-old child whose mental age
is 15. (b) Find the mental age of a person 15 years old whose IQ is 140.
4. The cost of installing insulation in a particular two-bedroom home is $2,400. Present monthly
heating cost average $200, but the insulation is expected to reduce heating costs by 10%. How
many months will it take to recover the cost of the insulation?
5. An algebra student has won $100,000 in a lottery and wishes to deposit it in savings accounts in
two financial institutions. One account pays 8% simple interest, but deposits are insured only to
$50,000. The second account pays 6.4% simple interest, and deposits are insured up to
$100,000. Determine whether the money can be deposited so that it is fully insured and earns
annual interest of $7,500.
Practice Exercises
1. A student in an algebra course has test scores of 75, 82, 71, and 84. What score on the next test
will raise the student’s average to 80?
Answer: 88
2. A worker’s take-home pay is $492, after deductions totaling 40% of the gross pay have been
subtracted. What is the gross pay?
Answer: 820
3. A persons intelligence quotient (IQ) is determined by multiplying the quotient of his or her
mental age and chronological age by 100.(a) Find the IQ of a 12-year-old child whose mental age
is 15. (b) Find the mental age of a person 15 years old whose IQ is 140.
Answers: (a) 125 (b) 21
4. The cost of installing insulation in a particular two-bedroom home is $2,400. Present monthly
heating cost average $200, but the insulation is expected to reduce heating costs by 10%. How
many months will it take to recover the cost of the insulation?
Answer: 120 months
5. An algebra student has won $100,000 in a lottery and wishes to deposit it in savings accounts in
two financial institutions. One account pays 8% simple interest, but deposits are insured only to
$50,000. The second account pays 6.4% simple interest, and deposits are insured up to
$100,000. Determine whether the money can be deposited so that it is fully insured and earns
annual interest of $7,500.
Answer: Not possible
Practice Exercises
1. A student in an algebra course has test scores of 75, 82, 71, and 84. What score on the next test
will raise the student’s average to 80?
Answer: 88
2. A worker’s take-home pay is $492, after deductions totaling 40% of the gross pay have been
subtracted. What is the gross pay?
Answer: 820
3. A persons intelligence quotient (IQ) is determined by multiplying the quotient of his or her
mental age and chronological age by 100.(a) Find the IQ of a 12-year-old child whose mental age
is 15. (b) Find the mental age of a person 15 years old whose IQ is 140.
Answers: (a) 125 (b) 21
4. The cost of installing insulation in a particular two-bedroom home is $2,400. Present monthly
heating cost average $200, but the insulation is expected to reduce heating costs by 10%. How
many months will it take to recover the cost of the insulation?
Answer: 120 months
5. An algebra student has won $100,000 in a lottery and wishes to deposit it in savings accounts in
two financial institutions. One account pays 8% simple interest, but deposits are insured only to
$50,000. The second account pays 6.4% simple interest, and deposits are insured up to
$100,000. Determine whether the money can be deposited so that it is fully insured and earns
annual interest of $7,500.
Answer: Not possible
QUADRATIC EQUATION

An equation that can be written in the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a≠ 0

Examples
4x2=8-11x
x(3+x)=5
4x = x2
Example 1. Solving an equation by
factoring
Solve the equation 3x2 = 10-x.
Solution: Using method of factoring
3x2 = 10-x given
3x2 + x – 10 = 0 add x -10
(3x-5) ( x-2)=0 factor
3x-5= 0, x+2=0 zero factor theorem
5
x= , x= -2 solve for x
3
5
Hence, the solution of the given equation are and -2
3
Example 2. Solving an equation by
factoring
Solve the equation x2 + 16 = 8x.
Solution: Using method of factoring or factor method
x2 + 16 = 8x given
x2 – 8x + 16 = 0 subtract 8x
(x-4) ( x-4)=0 factor
x-4= 0, x-4=0 zero factor theorem
x= 4, x= 4 solve for x
Thus, the given quadratic equation has one solution, 4. We call 4 a double
root or root of multiplicity of 2 of the equation x2 + 16 = 8x.
Example 3. Solving equation in the form
x2=d
Solve the equations (a) x2 = 5 (b) (x+3)2 = 5
Solution:
(a) x2 = 5 given
x=± 5 take the square root
Thus, the solution are 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 5
(b) x+3)2 = 5 given
x+3 = ±√5 take the square root
x= −3 ± √5 subtract 3
Thus the solution are -3+ 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 3 − 5
Completing the Square

𝑘 2
To complete the square for x2 + kx or x2 – kx, add ; that is , add the square
2
of the half of the coefficient of x.

𝑘 2 𝑘 2
1. x2 + kx + = 𝑥+
2 2
𝑘 2 𝑘 2
2. x2 - kx + = 𝑥−
2 2
 Example 4. Completing the square
Determine the value or values of d that complete the square for each expression.
Write the trinomial and the square of the binomial it represents.
(a) x2-3x+d (b)x2+dx+64
Solution:
3 2 9 9
(a) The square of the half the coefficient of x is − 2 = 4 . Thus, d = 4 and
9 3 2
x2-3x + 4 = 𝑥 − 2

(b) If (x+c)2=x2+dx+64, then x2 +2cx+c2=x2+dx+64, so c2 =64 and 2c=d.

Hence c=8 or -8, and since d=2c, d= 16 or -16. So we could have
x2+16x+64= (x+8)2 or x2-16x+64= (x-8)2
Example 5. Solving quadratic equation
by completing the square
Solve the equation x2-5x+3=0.
Solution:
x2-5x+3=0 given
x2-5x= -3 subtract 3
5 2 5 2 5 2
x2-5x + = -3 + complete the square, adding to both sides
2 2 2
5 2 13
𝑥− = equivalent equation
2 4

5 13
𝑥− 2
=± 4
take the square root

5 √13 5 ±√13 5
x=2 ± = add 2
2 2

Thus, the solutions of the equation are (5+√13)/2 ≈ 4.3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (5 − √13)/2 ≈ 0.7
QUADRATIC FORMULA
If a≠ 0, 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑜𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑥2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑏𝑦
−𝑏± 𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
x= 2𝑎

The quadratic formula gives us two solutions of the equation

ax2 + bx +c =0.
They are x= x1,x2, where
−𝑏+ 𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
x1 = 2𝑎

and
−𝑏− 𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
x2 = 2𝑎
Derivation of Quadratic Formula
ax2 + bx + c= 0 given
ax2 + bx = -c subtract c
𝑏
x2 + 𝑎 x = -𝑎
𝑐 divide by a
𝑏
x2 + x +
𝑏 2
=-
𝑐
+
𝑏 2 complete the square
𝑎 2𝑎 𝑎 2𝑎

𝑥 + 2𝑎
𝑏 2
=(b2-4ac)/4a2 equivalent equation

𝑏 b2−4ac take the square root

𝑥+ = ±
2𝑎 4a2
𝑏
𝑏 b2−4ac subtract 2𝑎
x= -2𝑎 ±
4a2

𝑏
x=-2𝑎 ±
𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐 Take the root of 4𝑎2
2𝑎

x=
−𝑏± 𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐 simplify
2𝑎
The number b2-4ac under the radical sign in
the quadratic formula is called the
discriminant

The discriminant can be used to determine the nature of the roots of the equation.

Value of the discriminant b2-4ac Nature of the roots of ax2 + bx + c= 0

Positive value Two real unequal roots

Zero One root of multiplicity 2
Negative value No real root
Example 6. Using the quadratic formula

Solve the equation 4x2+x-3=0

Solution: Let a= 4, b=1, and c=-3
−1± (1)2 −4(4)(−3) −𝑏± 𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
x= 2(4) 2𝑎

−1± 49
= simplify the discriminant
8
−1±7
= 49 = 7
8

Hence, the solution are

−1+ 7 3 −1− 7
x= =4 and x= = -1
8 8
Example 7. Using the quadratic formula
Solve the equation 2x(3-x) = 3
Solution:
2x(3-x) = 3 given
6x-2x2=3 multiply factors
-2x2+6x-3=0 subtract 3
2x2-6x+3=0 multiply by -1
We now let a=2, b=-6, and c=3 in the quadratic formula, obtaining
−(−6)± (−6)2 −4(2)(3) 6 ± 12 6 ±2 3 3± 3
x= = = =
2(2) 4 4 2

Hence, the solutions are

3+ 3 3− 3
≈ 2.37 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ≈ 0.63
2 2
Example 8. Using the quadratic formula

Solve the equation 9x2 -30x +25 =0

Solution:
Let a= 9, b=-30, and c= 25 in the quadratic formula:
−(−30)± (−30)2 −4(9)(25)
x= 2(9)

30± 300 −900

= 18
30±0 5
= =
18 3
5
Consequently, the equation has one (double) root, 3
Practice Exercises
Solve the equation by factoring:
2𝑥 5 18
1. + −4=
𝑥+3 𝑥 𝑥2+3𝑥
5𝑥 4 90
2. 𝑥−3
+ 𝑥+3
= 𝑥2−9

Solve by completing the square

3. x2 +6x +7 =0
4. 4x2 -12x-11=0
Solve by quadratic formula
5 10
5. − + 2=0
𝑤2 𝑤
Solve the equation by factoring:
2𝑥 5 18 1
1. + −4= 2 Answer: - 2
𝑥+3 𝑥 𝑥 +3𝑥
5𝑥 4 90 34
2. + = Answer: - 5
𝑥−3 𝑥+3 𝑥2−9

Solve by completing the square

3. x2 +6x +7 =0 Answer: -3± 2
3
4. 4x2 -12x-11=0 Answer: ± 5
2

Solve by quadratic formula

5 10 5 1
5. − + 2=0 Answer: ± 15
𝑤2 𝑤 2 2
Quiz
Solve the following equations/problems:
3𝑥+1 6𝑥+11
1.
5𝑥+7
= 10𝑥−3
2 3 5
2. − = 6𝑥+3
𝑥+5 2𝑥+1

3. 2x2 +5x -12=0

4. 3x2 -12x +3=0
1 4
5. 2 - 𝑥=1+ 𝑥

6. At 6AM, a snowplow, travelling at a constant speed, begin to clear a highway

leading out of town. At 8 A.M. an automobile begins traveling the highway at
a speed of30 mi/hr and reaches the plow 30 minutes later. Find the speed of
the snow plow.
7. Six hundred people attended the premiere of a motion picture. Adult ticket
cost $9, and children were admitted for $6. If box office receipts totaled $
4,800, how many children attended the premiere?
Quiz
Solve the following equations/problems:
3𝑥+1 6𝑥+11
1.
5𝑥+7
= 10𝑥−3
2 3 5
2. − = 6𝑥+3
𝑥+5 2𝑥+1

3. 2x2 +5x -12=0

4. 3x2 -12x +3=0
1 4
5. 2 - 𝑥=1+ 𝑥

6. At 6AM, a snowplow, travelling at a constant speed, begin to clear a highway

leading out of town. At 8 A.M. an automobile begins traveling the highway at
a speed of30 mi/hr and reaches the plow 30 minutes later. Find the speed of
the snow plow.
7. Six hundred people attended the premiere of a motion picture. Adult ticket
cost $9, and children were admitted for $6. If box office receipts totaled $
4,800, how many children attended the premiere?
Quiz
Solve the equation
3𝑥+1 6𝑥+11 𝟓
1.
5𝑥+7
= 10𝑥−3
Answer: -𝟔
2 3 5
2. − = 6𝑥+3 Answer: -32
𝑥+5 2𝑥+1
𝟑
3. 2x2 +5x -12=0 Answer: -4, 𝟐

4. 3x2 -12x +3=0 Answer: 2 ± 𝟑

1 4
5. 2 - 𝑥=1+ Answer: 5
𝑥

6. At 6AM, a snowplow, travelling at a constant speed, begin to clear a highway

leading out of town. At 8 A.M. an automobile begins traveling the highway at
a speed of30 mi/hr and reaches the plow 30 minutes later. Find the speed of
the snow plow. Answer: 6 mi/hr
7. Six hundred people attended the premiere of a motion picture. Adult ticket
cost $9, and children were admitted for $6. If box office receipts totaled $
4,800, how many children attended the premiere?
Answer: 200 children