SEMINAR ON

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)

AND IT'S COMPONENT'S
CONTENT
 What Is GIS?
 Function Of GIS
 Components of GIS
 Scope of GIS
 Advantages of GIS
 Disadvantages of GIS
 Conclusion
 What is GIS?
A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a system designed to
capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types
of geographical data. The key word to this technology is
Geography – this means that some portion of the data is spatial.
Function Of GIS
 Data Capture
 Data Compilation
 Data Storage (GIS Data Models)
 Data Manipulation
 Data Analysis
Components
 Data
 People
 Method
 Hardware
 Software
Data
 Geographic data and related tabular data can be collected
in house or purchased from a commerical data provider.
 A GIS will intergrate spatial data with other data resources
and can be even use a DBMS used by most organization to
organise and maintain their data to manage spatial data.
People
 GIS technology is of limited value without the people who
manage the system and develop plans for applying it to real
world problems.
 GIS users ranges from technical specialist who design and
maintain the system to those who use it to help them perform
their everyday work.
Method
 A successful GIS operates according to a well designed
planned bussiness rules, which are the models and operating
practices unique to each organization.
Hardware
 GIS organization runs on a wide range of hardware types,
from centralized computer servers to desktop computers used
in stand-alone or networked configurations.
Software
 GIS software provides the functions and tools needed to store,
analyze and display geographic information. Key software
components are-
• Tools for the input and manipulation of geographic
information.
• A database management systems (DBMS).
• Tools that support geographic query, analysis and
visulaization.
• A graphical users interace (GUI) for easy access of tools.
Application OF GIS

 Disaster Management
 Crime Statistics
 Archaeology
 Civil Planning
 Health/Medical Resource Management
 Transport
Advantages of GIS
 Improved decision making – decisions are made easier because
specific and detailed information is presented about one or more
locations.
 Reduce costs and increase efficiency – especially regarding
maintenance schedules, fleet movements or scheduling timetables.
 Improved communication between any involved organizations or
departments as the visual format is easily understood by all.
 Easy record keeping – geographical changes are easily recorded
by GIS for those responsible of recording the changes.
 Managing geographically – knowing what is and will be occurring in
a geographic space in order to plan a course of action.
Disadvantages of GIS

 Very expensive
 Requires enormous amount of data : makes it prone for error
 Geographical error increases with larger scale
 Relative loss of resolution
 Violation of privacy
Conclusion
 User can print and save the image of the required map.
 User can view different parameters of particular area.
 User can get path from source to destination.
 GIS will also provide working hours.
References
 www.google.com
 www.wikipedia.com
THANKS