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SAFETY PRODUCTION
QUALITY
ACCIDENT
CORPORATE
COSTS
IMAGE
Injured workers
Less production
Loss of efficiency and income
Other employees
Medical Expenses
Loss in efficiency due to sympathy to the injured
Equipment Damage Loss of productivity due to:
Wasted Raw Materials work stoppage out of curiosity
assisting injured worker
Insurance Premiums
Supervisors
Litigation Expenses Loss of productivity:
when assisting the injured
due to accident investigation
Replacement Worker
Hiring or Training
Identify / recognize the occupational
health hazards in the CONSTRUCTION
industry;
Know measuring instruments used to
assess hazards.
Identify the evaluation methods to assess
the levels of exposure to hazards.
Need to know the environmental factors that may affect
workers health.
What will happen to you and your family if you get injured
and cant work?
Biological
Social
Ergonomics
1. Noise
2. Extreme Temperature
3. Extreme Pressure
4. Inadequate illumination
5. Vibration
6. Radiation
7. Insufficient ventilation
• Bacteria, Virus, Fungi, Enzymes,
Micro-organism
Exposure can be:
Ergonomics is a multidisciplinary
activity that assembles information on
people’s capacities & applies that information
in designing jobs, products, workplaces, and
equipment.
Gases Smoke
Acids Mists
Dusts Particulates
Example:
Roofers Heat
Vapors from roofing tar
Roof Stability
Ladder Safety
Edge Awareness
Improper Training
CONTROL MEASURES
1. Engineering Control
2. Administrative Control
3. Personal Protective Equipment
ENGINEERING CONTROL
• Change process to minimize contact with hazardous chemicals.
• Use of wet methods to reduce generation of dusts or other particulates.
• General dilution ventilation.
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL
• Rotate job assignments.
• Adjust work schedules so that workers are not overexposed to a
hazardous chemical.
PROTECTION
Against foreseeable damage, fading or
visual obstruction caused by abrasion,
ultra-violet light, or substance such as
lubricants, chemical and dirt.
SIGNAL WORD PANEL
Area of safety sign that contains the signal word and the safety alert symbol
MESSAGE PANEL
Area of the safety sign that contains the word messages which identify the hazard, indicate
how to avoid the hazard and advise of the probable consequence of not avoiding the hazard
SYMBOL/PICTORIAL PANEL
Area of the safety sign that contains the symbol/pictorial
SAFETY RED: Fire Protection.
To call attention to fire protection equipment apparatus and facilities
Fire stations and equipment (fire extinguishers, pumps, buckets, hose, hydrant)
To identify Dangers, Stop signals (red lights placed on barricades at temporary obstructions or
on temporary construction; stop button for electrical switches used for emergency stopping of
machinery
Burn
Fire
High Voltage
High Voltage or Low Voltage
660 and Up Volts
Reasons:
It is were the public moves
Low Voltage
Workmen are less experienced
1 to 659 Volts
It is treated less dangerous
RESISTANCE OF MATERIAL:
Most metals ………………………...…>0 to 50 ohms
Human body (wet, ear to ear) ………100 ohms
Human body (damp, hand to foot) …400 to 600 ohms
Human body (wet skin) ………….…1000 ohms
Human body (dry skin) ………….…100,000 to 800,000 ohms
Dry wood …………………………….100,000 ohms
Wet wood …………………….……...1,000 ohms
Rubber …………………….100,000,000,000,000 ohms
Disturbance to normal body function
Burns on body tissue
Secondary accident
Involuntary grip
Ventricular fibrillation
Death
Use of grounding system
Decrease the line to earth voltage
Use equipment with double insulating structure
Installation of earth leakage circuit breaker
Equipment utilizing extra low voltage
Remote control system
Proper Installation of Electrical Circuit
Insulation
Grounding
Fuse/Circuit Breaker
Lock-Out Tag-Out (LOTO)
Regular Inspection and Maintenance Use of PPE
Fire is a chemical reaction between a flammable or combustible
substance and oxygen.
WHAT IS FIRE? It is frequently referred to as “rapid oxidation with the
evolution of light and heat.”
To produce fire, three things must be present at the time:
_______, ______
Oxygen Fuel and _____.
Heat
CLASSES OF FUEL:
Class A Class B Class C Class D
wood, paper, gasoline, Overloaded Magnesium
dried grass, kerosene, electrical sodium,
etc. paints, wires and potassium,
thinners, oil, equipment etc.
etc. Fire spread with
the presence of
class A & B
materials
PRINCIPLES OF FIRE PREVENTION AND CONTROL
Prevent the Outbreak of Fire
Provide for Early Detection
Prevent the Spread of Fire
Provide for Prompt Extinguishment
Provide for Prompt and Orderly Evacuation
TYPES OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
Water
Foam
Carbon Dioxide
Dry Chemical
Halogenated Agents
Personal protective equipment are variety of devices
and garments designed to serve as a barrier between
workers and workplace hazards.
Struck by falling
tools / debris
Scaffold collapse
Electrocution
Falls from elevation Scaffold collapse
• Use guardrails •Proper scaffold construction
• Use fall arrest systems •Do not overload with people or equipment
•Use personal fall arrest systems
•Have a competent person check scaffold
Struck by falling tools or debris
Electrocution
• Barricade the area below the scaffold and forbid
•Honor clearance distances required between power
entry
• Use panels or screens lines and scaffolding