2.

1 Ionic Bonding
BOND JAMES

Taken not shared

 Learning Goals

By the end of this lesson you will be able to:

1) Define what an ionic bond is

2) Be able to react a metal and a non-metal to create an
ionic bond

3) Describe properties of ionic compounds

What is a Compound?
A molecule that contains 2 or more atoms of different
elements.

There are two types of compounds.

COMPOUNDS

Ionic Covalent
 COMPOUNDS

Ionic Covalent

1. Ionic bonds – To be reviewed TODAY! 

2. Covalent bonds – Soon! 
 Full electron shells
Atoms of noble gases, group 8, have completely full outer
shells. This makes them very unreactive or stable.
2nd shell holds
1st shell holds a maximum of
a maximum of 8 electrons
2 electrons

3rd shell holds

a maximum of
8 electrons

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 Atoms and electron changes

Every atom would like to have a full outer shell like the noble
gases.

Atoms can get full outer electron shells by either gaining or

losing electrons

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 From atoms to ions
How can reactive metal atoms become stable positive ions?

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 Ionic Bonds: One Big Greedy Thief Dog!

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 Bonding: example 1

• Making sodium chloride – table salt!!!

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 What would a chlorine atom have to do to have a stable
electron configuration like a noble gas?

It will have to gain an electron!!!

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 What would a sodium atom have to do to have a stable
electron configuration like a noble gas?

It will have to lose an electron!!!

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 Can you think of a way that chlorine could gain an
electron and sodium could lose an electron?

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 Sodium gives an electron to chlorine!!!

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 Once this happens both of the atoms will now be ions and will
each have a charge!!

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 The oppositely charged ions attract each
other and form an ionic bond!!

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 Key definitions

An ionic bond is formed when ions that

have opposite charges attract

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 Formation of an ionic bond

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 Ionic lattices
In an ionic compound, millions and millions of ions are packed
all joined by ionic bonds – this is a crystal lattice

-- -- --
+ ++ ++ +
- - -- - -- - -
++ +++ +++ +
- - --- - --- - --
+ +++ +++ ++
+ +++ +++ ++
- - -- - -- - -
++ ++++ ++++ ++
- - -- - -- - -
- - --- - --- - --
+ +++ +++ ++
+ +++ +++ ++
- - -- - -- - -
+ +++ +++ ++
-- -- --
- - -
+ + +

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 Bonding example 2

• Making Magnesium oxide

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 What would magnesium need to do to get a
stable full outer shell?

Mg

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 What would oxygen need to do to get a stable full
outer shell?

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 Can you think of a way that Magnesium could
lose two electrons
Magnesium andelectrons
gives two oxygen could gain two
to oxygen!
electrons?

Mg O

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 Once this happens the Magnesium and Oxygen
atoms each get charge and become ions of opposite
charge

2-
2+

O
Mg

2.8.2 [2.8]2+ 2.6 [2.8]2-

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 Magnesium oxide: part 2
The positive magnesium ions and the negative oxygen ions
are strongly attracted to each other and form an ionic bond.
+2 -2

Mg O

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 Ionic lattices
In an ionic compound, millions and millions of ions are packed
together in a regular cubic arrangement, joined by ionic
bonds..

-- -- --
+ ++ ++ +
- - -- - -- - -
++ +++ +++ +
- - --- - --- - --
+ +++ +++ ++
+ +++ +++ ++
- - -- - -- - -
++ ++++ ++++ ++
- - -- - -- - -
- - --- - --- - --
+ +++ +++ ++
+ +++ +++ ++
- - -- - -- - -
+ +++ +++ ++
-- -- --
- - -
+ + +

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 Formation of an ionic bond

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 MONOTOMIC IONS FORMING IONIC BONDS

Example #1:

React the following atoms to form an ionic bond Ca and Br

Example #2:

React the following atoms to form an ionic bond Al and O

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 Multiple-choice quiz

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