AIRPORT ENGINEERING

Airport Engineering
The planning, design,
construction, and operation
and maintenance of
facilities provided for the
landing and take-off,
loading and unloading,
servicing, maintenance, and
storage of aircrafts.
(McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms, 6E,
Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc)
 ADVANTAGES OF AIR TRANSPORT

• Continuous connectivity over land and water

• Quick relief during emergency conditions
• Saves time
• Improve accessibility to otherwise
inaccessible areas
• Add to foreign reserves through tourism
• Aerial photography
 DISADVANTAGES
• Heavy funds are required
• Operations highly weather dependent
• Safety provision is not adequate
• Specific demarcations of flight paths and
territories
• Requires highly sophisticated machinary
MAJOR AIR TRANSPORT AGENCIES

• International Civil Aviation Organization

(ICAO)
• Federal Aviation administration
(FAA)
 ROLE OF CIVIL ENGINEER
• A civil engineer has not to do much about the
design and manufacture of the aircraft nor
about their navigation.
• He is however expected to do all about its
landing.
• Early aircrafts were light and could land on
ground
Cont…..
• As the aircraft’s weight, size and speed
increased, demand for structurally strong
pavements came in.
• The present day airport design therefore
involves pavements to bear heavy loads of
aircrafts, roads leading to airport , storm water
drainage, water supply schemes etc. all of
which are civil engineering works
 Airport
Definition:
Any defined area Constructed on land or
on water (including any buildings,
installations and equipments) and used
for the air traffic (arrival, departure and
movement of aircrafts) is called an air
port
 Aircraft
Any structure or machine used for navigating the air
and derive support from air reaction
It may or may not be power-driven, lighter or
heavier than air

• Aero plane:
Power-driven flying machine heavier than air

• Airship:
Power-driven flying machines lighter than air
Aero plane
Airship
 SALIENT FEATURES/
COMPONENTS OF AN AIRPORT
• Airport engineering involves the design and
construction of various facilities of an airport,
which are necessary for its efficient working.
• The main components or salient features of an
airport are
1- Landing area
2- Terminal area
 1- LANDING AREA
• Component of an airport used for landing and
take-off operations of aircrafts
• It includes:-
A- Runway
B- Taxiway
 RUNWAYS
• It is in the form of Paved, Long, Rectangular
strip
• Width should be sufficient to accommodate the
aircrafts to be served by it
• The length selected by a competent authority for
runway is called runway selected basic length
 Cont….
• The length of runway should be such that
it should accelerate the aircraft to the
point of take-off and should be enough
such that the aircraft should be brought to
stop within 60% of the available runway
length
 TAXIWAY
• Paved way connecting runway with aprons and
hangers
• Speed is less than landing and take-off speed
• Provide shortest possible path
• Should be visible from 300m to pilot at 3m
height from the ground
 2- TERMINAL AREA
• The transition of passengers and goods from
ground to the aircraft and from aircraft to the
ground takes place in terminal area..
• It consists of the following parts
(i) Terminal building
(ii) Apron
(iii)Automobile parking area
(iv)Hangers
 Terminal Building
Provides facilities for all passenger arriving and departing
from airport and allowed airline and admin’s personnel's. It
includes followings facilities:

• Booking office
• Waiting Rooms
• Restaurants
• 1st aid cabin
• Weather bureau
• Luggage and mails rooms
• Communication systems (telephone/telegraph
office) etc.
Waiting Room
Staff Offices
Flight Information Counter
 Apron
• Portion of the airport usually paved in front of
TB, mean for parking, loading/unloading of
aircraft.
• Apart from this, holding apron (also called
run-up pads or warm-up pads) may also be
provided at busy airports at or near the
runways
• Hold planes before take-off to wait till the
runway is cleared of the other planes
 Automobile Parking Area
• Auto mobile parking area is provided on the
city side of the airport for the people to reach
the airport.
 Hangers
• Large sheds erected on airport for housing &
repairing airplanes.
• May be storage or service hangers.
• Usually constructed of steel frames and covered with
sheets of galvanized iron
 Control Tower
• A control tower usually situated at the top of
the terminal building has its walls enclosed in
glass enabling the operator to have an
unobstructed view of the entire airfield
• It controls the air-traffic at an airport
• Supervise and direct the flights of arriving and
departing aircrafts within the airport control
area (25 km Radius)
 Types of Airports
Civil Aviation Air ports: May be
I. Domestic
II. International

Military Airports: Used by armed forces

Combined civil and Military Airport:

(Peshawar International Airport)
Civil Aviation Airport
Military Airport
Combined civil and Military Airport
S. No Name of Airport Domestic\International

1 ISLAMABAD International
2 KARACHI International
3 LAHORE International
4 PESHAWAR International
5 QUETTA International
6 FASIALABAD International
7 MULTAN Domestic
8 SAKHAR Domestic
9 JAKABABAD Domestic
10 BAHAWALPUR Domestic
11 HYDERABAD Domestic
12 GILGUT Domestic
THANK
YOU