Presented to:

Respected Sir Abdul Razzaq.

Presented by:
Arbab Haider.
Blender:
 free and open-source 3D computer graphics software toolset.
 creating animated films.
 visual effects.
 art, 3D printed models.
 interactive 3D applications.
 video games.
Introduction to Web Applications
 In computing, a web application or web app is a client–server computer
program in which the client (including the user interface and client-side
logic) runs in a web browser.

 EXAMPLE
Common web applications include webmail, online retail sales, online
auctions, wikis, instant messaging services and many other functions.
A short view on history
The history of web application development is quite newsworthy and
uncommon. Developers had to find the most radical and intensive
solutions to the existing problems. It was considerable to make web apps
work on different operating systems fluently. The earliest computing
models were inconvenient. Every app had its precompiled client program
and it had to be separately installed on every user’s PC.
History (Cont.)
 In addition, both the client and server components of the application were
usually tightly bound to a particular computer architecture and operating
system and porting them to others was often prohibitively expensive for all
but the largest applications

 In 1995, Netscape introduced a client-side scripting language called

JavaScript allowing programmers to add some dynamic elements to the
user interface that ran on the client side.
History (Cont.)
 In 1996, Macromedia introduced Flash, a vector animation player that
could be added to browsers as a plug-in to embed animations on the web
pages.

 In 1999, the "web application" concept was introduced in the Java

language in the Servlet Specification version 2.2. At that time both
JavaScript and XML had already been developed, but Ajax had still not yet
been coined
History (Cont.)
 In 2005, the term Ajax was coined, and applications like Gmail started to
make their client sides more and more interactive. A web page script is
able to contact the server for storing/retrieving data without downloading
an entire web page.

 In 2011, HTML5 was finalized, which provides graphic and multimedia

capabilities without the need of client side plug-ins.
Structure:
 Applications are usually broken
into logical chunks called "tiers",
where every tier is assigned a role.
Traditional applications consist
only of 1 tier, which resides on the
client machine, but web
applications lend themselves to an
n-tiered approach by nature.
 Though many variations are
possible, the most common
structure is the three-tiered
application. In its most common
form, the three tiers are called
Presentation, Application and
Storage.
Structure (Cont.)
 A web browser is the first tier (presentation).

 An engine using some dynamic Web content technology (such as ASP,

Java, PHP, Python) is the middle tier (application logic).

 A database is the third tier (storage).

 An emerging strategy for application software companies is to provide web access to software
previously distributed as local applications. Depending on the type of application, it may require
the development of an entirely different browser-based interface, or merely adapting an existing
application to use different presentation technology.

These programs allow the user to pay a

monthly or yearly fee for use of a software
application without having to install it on a
local hard drive.

A company which follows this strategy is known as an

application service provider (ASP), and ASPs are currently
receiving much attention in the software industry.
Precautions:
 Security breaches on these kinds of applications are a major concern
because it can involve both enterprise information and private customer
data. Protecting these assets is an important part of any web application
and there are some key operational areas that must be included in the
development process.

 This includes processes for authentication, authorization, asset handling,

input, and logging and auditing. Building security into the applications
from the beginning can be more effective and less disruptive in the long
run.
 Writing a web application is often simplified by open source software such
as Django, Ruby on Rails or Symfony called web “Application
frameworks”.

 These frameworks facilitate rapid application development by allowing a

development team to focus on the parts of their application which are
unique to their goals without having to resolve common development
issues such as user Management.
Advantages of web applications
• A better user experience – It is a lot easier and cheaper to make a web
based system user friendly across multiple platforms and various screen
sizes.

• Worldwide Access – Employees can work from multiple offices, a client’s

site, a hotel, or even from home.

• Client secure login – Impress clients with a modern web portal and
improve customer service with a more automated process.
Advantages (cont.)
• Easy install – It takes a couple of minutes to get someone set up on a web
app. Provide them with the URL, a user name, and password then they are
away.

• Always up-to-date – As everyone is accessing the same web app via the
same URL they will all be seeing the most up-to-date version of your system.

• Storage Increase – Gone are the days were memory is limited by the
device you’re using. Now lots of our storage is up in the cloud there is no
need to grab that USB to free up some space on your hard drive.
Disadvantages of web applications
• Internet Reliance – The one flaw with the internet is it is not everywhere
yet. If your internet goes down or you happen to be in an area that has not
been connected yet you will not be able to access your web app.

• Security – There is no denying that your data is less secure when it’s in the
cloud, especially when users from all over the world are accessing the same
server hosted by a third party. Although there are ways to reduce your risk,
email encryption and SSL enforcement for secure HTTPS access are just two
examples.
Disadvantages (cont.)
• Reduced speed – A web app will probably be slower than an application
hosted on your company’s server. You need to decide if a slight reduction in
speed is worth the worldwide access.

• Browser Support – Unfortunately, we do not all use one version of a

browser because we are given a choice. This means you will have to make
sure your web app is supported across various browsers and for various
screen sizes.
Web-based applications are:
 Easier to develop.
 More useful for the users.
 Easier to install, maintain and keep secure.
 Easier to grow as you grow.
Summary:
In this whole session we discussed what are web applications and
somethings related to these applications like its history , its Structure , how
it is used from business point of view.
We discussed about what precautions we should take in these kind of web
applications.
We came to know how web applications are developed and what
frameworks we can use.
We also to know about the advantages and disadvantages of web
applications.