Presentation

subject: communication skills

Topic: comparison between solar energy and hydro energy

Presented by: Presented to:

Ikram ullah Miss.Tauseef Fatima
• Contents:
• Introduction of solar and hydro
energy.
• Types of solar and Hydro energy.
• Advantage and Disadvantage of
solar and hydro energy.
• References
 Solar Energy
Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun that
is harnessed using a range of ever-evolving technologies
such as solar heating, photovoltaics, solar thermal
energy, solar architecture, molten salt power plants and
artificial photosynthesis.
Types of solar energy: There are two types of solar
energy.
1)Photovoltaic Solar Power
2) Solar Thermal Power
• Photovoltaic Solar Power
• The photovoltaic effect (or photoelectric effect) converts light
into electricity. It was discovered by French physicist Edmond
Becquerel in 1839 and was first used in industrial applications
in 1954. The principle: an electric current occurs when electrons
are displaced. For this to happen, photons (light particles) excite
the outermost electrons of the atoms of certain semiconductor
elements.
• In practice, light hitting a photovoltaic cell is converted into electricity
by a semiconductor, generally silicon. A photovoltaic panel is made up
of several cells producing direct current, which is then converted
into alternating current by an inverter.
Low-Temperature Solar Thermal Power
Low-temperature solar thermal power technology produces heat from
the Sun’s rays and uses it directly. Operating at temperatures
below 100°C, the installations cater to residential and commercial
applications (hot water and heating) as well as to a wide variety
of industrial needs. This technology accounts for the lion’s share of solar
power generated worldwide.
50 minutes the time it takes the Sun to provide the equivalent of the
world’s annual energy consumption.

Solar thermal collectors are used to absorb the heat from the Sun’s rays
and transfer it to a heat transfer fluid, such as air, water or antifreeze,
which in turn transports it to the areas to be heated.
 Hydro Energy:
Water is pretty powerful stuff! You know this if you have stood
in a flowing stream and felt the water rushing past you. Or, if
you've gone whitewater rafting down a raging river. Even mere
images of a place like Niagara Falls help you appreciate just
how strong moving water is. This is not a new observation, and
water has been used to produce different forms of energy for a
very long time. When electricity is generated from flowing
water, this is called hydroelectric energy, and the prefix 'hydro'
refers to water.
 Hydropower Types
Main Article: Hydroelectricity
Hydropower Is Used Primarily To Generate Electricity.
Broad Categories Include:
Conventional Hydroelectric: Referring To Hydroelectric Dams.
Run-of-the-river Hydroelectricity: Which Captures The Kinetic Energy In Rivers Or
Streams, Without A Large Reservoir And Sometimes Without The Use Of Dams.
Small Hydro: Projects Are 10 Megawatts Or Less And Often Have No Artificial
Reservoirs.
Micro Hydro: Projects Provide A Few Kilowatts To A Few Hundred Kilowatts To
Isolated Homes, Villages, Or Small Industries.
Conduit Hydroelectricity: Projects Utilize Water Which Has Already Been Diverted For
Use Elsewhere; In A Municipal Water System, For Example.
Pumped-storage Hydroelectricity: Stores Water Pumped Uphill Into Reservoirs During
Periods Of Low Demand To Be Released For Generation When Demand Is High Or
System Generation Is Low.
Pressure Buffering Hydropower: Use Natural Sources (Waves For Example) For Water
Pumping To Turbines While Exceeding Water Is Pumped Uphill Into Reservoirs And
Releases When Incoming Water Flow Isn't Enough
Advantage & Disadvantage of solar energy & hydel energy
• Solar energy : Advantages: Solar power is
pollution free and causes no greenhouse gases
to be emitted after installation. Reduced
dependence on foreign oil and fossil fuels.
Renewable clean power that is available every
day of the year, even cloudy
days produce some power.
• Disadvantages:
• High initial costs for material and installation and long ROI
• Needs lots of space as efficiency is not 100% yet
• No solar power at night so there is a need for a large battery
bank
• Some people think they are ugly (I am definitely not one of
those!)
• Devices that run on DC power directly are more expensive
• Depending on geographical location the size of the solar
panels vary for the same power generation
• Cloudy days do not produce much energy
• Hydel energy: Hydropower is fueled by water,
so it's a clean fuel source, meaning it won't pollute the
air like power plants that burn fossil fuels, such as coal
or natural gas.
• Hydroelectric power is a domestic source of energy,
allowing each state to produce their own energy
without being reliant on international fuel sources.
• The energy generated through hydropower relies on the
water cycle, which is driven by the sun, making it a
renewable power source, making it a reliable and
affordable source than fossil fuels that are rapidly being
depleted.
• Disadvantages :
Fish populations can be impacted if fish cannot migra
te upstream past impoundment dams to spawning g
rounds or if they cannot migrate downstream to the
ocean.
Upstream fish passage can be aided using fish ladder
s or elevators, or by trapping and hauling the fish up
stream by truck. Downstream fish passage is aided b
y diverting fish from turbine
intakes using screens or racks or even underwater lig
hts
and sounds, and by maintaining a minimum spill flo
w past the turbine.
 References:
https://study.com/.../hydroelectric-energy-definition-uses-advantages- disadvantages.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectricity

Thank you