PRESENTATION ON

6TH SEM 1 ST SHIFT

BATCH :2016-2020
“ELECTRIC CYCLE (BIKE)”

Guided By : Prof. Maulik modi sir Name of student

(Department of Mechanical Engineering)
21720SBEAE30053
LDRP-ITR
1620BEAE30015
1620BEAE30010
 INTRODUCTION

• Almost 100 or 120 year before automobile industry start to grow and we can see how it has change
the world so far but in early days of automobile industry it brings the revolution to the in many ways
like transportation of peoples and goods and other daily routine items,it brings us closer that what we
are now. We get connected by all means through it, but in early 90’s climate start to change.
• So with this idea our team think that our project should be focused on preventation of climate change
and this project is based on understanding of electric bikes and cycles how they work how they make
so we can make one in the 8th semester .

• Because electric is gonna be new era for automobile so we need to understand it well before we go
into the industry
Air Pollution
• On the one hand automobiles are boosting the Indian economy by creating employment
opportunities, improvement in productivity as well as facilitating the consumers in travelling and
other day-to-day activities.
• Many passenger vehicles using petrol are now having diesel versions, which is much more
polluting as compared to petrol version. As per some estimates, more than half the cars on the
streets are going to be powered by diesel by 2020.
• Exposure to air pollution can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, which is estimated
to be the cause for 620,000 early deaths in 2010, and the health cost of air pollution in India has
been assessed at 3 per cent of its GDP.
• In recent years, air pollution has acquired critical dimensions and the air quality in most Indian
cities that monitor outdoor air pollution fail to meet WHO guidelines for safe levels. The levels of
PM2.5 and PM10 (Air-borne particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers in diameter and 10
micrometers in diameter) as well as concentration of dangerous carcinogenic substances such as
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) have reached alarming proportions in most
Indian cities, putting people at additional risk of respiratory diseases and other health problems.
 Here are some stats about pollution of vehicles through engine or fuel
• Our personal vehicles are major cause of global warming collectively cars and trucks account for
nearly one-fifth of all US emissions, emitting around 24 pounds of carbon dioxide and other global
warming gases for every gallon gas

• Over 1 lakh children in India die due to indoor, outdoor air pollution: WHO. India is the fourth highest
emitter of carbon dioxide in the world, accounting for 7 per cent of global emissions in 2017
• According to World Health Organization (WHO), Delhi tops the list of most polluted cities. Among the
world’s 20 most polluted cities in the world, 13 are in India. India is in the group of countries that has
the highest particulate matter (PM) levels. Its cities have the highest levels of PM10 and PM2.5
(particles with diameter of 10 microns and 2.5 microns). At the level of more than 150 micrograms,
Delhi has the highest level of airborne particulate matter PM2.5, considered most harmful. These
figures are six times more than the WHO “safe” limit of 25 micrograms. Uncontrolled vehicular traffic
seems to be the primary reason.
 Reasons for Air Pollution from Automobiles in India
• Some of the reasons for pollution from Automobiles in India are as under:

• Absence of effective, efficient and well networked transport system in India.

• Lack of fast railway network across India; which can run on cleaner technologies
• Lack of fast and cost effective intra-city railway network particularly in major cities.

• Immense population in India with resultant huge number of vehicles in India.

• Faulty traffic management systems and frequent jams.
• No stringent enforcement of various standards/norms for checking/curbing pollution.
• Bad road conditions.
• Adulterated fuels.
• Older vehicles.

• Inferior technology used in the automobiles.

• Automobiles with faulty engines/equipments or having bad maintenance etc.
• So as above mentioned reason why we have selected electric
bike as our project
• And we are really interested to explore things about electric bike
• Our goal is to create keep cost low as possible and to keep it
practically useable
 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
 Components of electric cycle:-
• battery
• Hub motor
• Frame
• Pedals
• Brakes
• Throttle if (full power)
• Wheels
• Speedometer
• Odometer
• Battery charging indicator
• light
BATTERY
• The batteries are the most important parts of the bike, because (if you don't do any pedaling) they
contain all the power that will drive you along. Typical electric bike batteries make about 350–500 W of
power (that's about 35–50 volts and 10 amps), which is about a quarter as much as you need to drive
an electric toaster. In theory, you could use any kind of battery on a bicycle. In practice, however, you
want to use something that stores lots of power without being too heavy—or you'll be using half your
power just moving the battery along!

• That tends to rule out heavy lead-acid batteries like the ones that start cars, though some electric bikes
do use them. Lightweight lithium-ion batteries, similar to those used in laptop computers, mobile
(cellular) phones, and MP3 players, are now the most popular choice, though they're more expensive
than older rechargeable battery technologies such as nickel-cadmium ("nicad").

• Typical batteries will give your bicycle a range of 10–40 miles between charges (depending on the
terrain) and a top speed of 10–20 mph (which is about the maximum most countries allow for these
vehicles by law). You can extend the range by pedaling or free-wheeling some of the time.
ELECTRIC MOTOR
• The motor used in electric bikes should carry the passenger as well as the vechi or
while starting. Now we have two choices – DC or AC motor.
• The DC motor that starts with load is obviously Dc series motor. But its not flexible
with stepless speed control. But in DC motor starting torque is more so load is move
suddenly.
• AC mototr that can be used for electric bikes are BLDC motor, squirrel cage motor
these are very flexible with speed control.
 FRAME

• The frame of an electric bike also has to be slightly different. The main part of the frame (the
bit that supports your weight) is usually made from lightweight aluminum alloy: the lighter
the frame, the lighter the weight of the bike overall, and the further it can travel before you
need to recharge the batteries. The spokes on the wheel also have to be stronger than the
thin spokes on a traditional bicycle. That's because the electric motor in the hub spins the
wheel with a lot of turning force (known as torque) and, if the spokes were ordinary
lightweight ones, they could bend or buckle.
 BRAKES

• If you start pedaling the bicycle or going downhill, the spinning wheels turn the electric
motor in the hub in reverse and start charging up the batteries. In practice, regenerative
braking is nowhere near as useful on an electric bicycle as it is on an electric train or car. An
electric bike has much less mass and velocity than either a train or car, so it never gains (or
loses) anything like as much kinetic energy when it starts and stops. You'd have to go down
an awful lot of hills to charge up the batteries completely and that's usually not practical.
And what's the point in pedaling the wheels simply to charge the battery? You might as well
have bought an ordinary bicycle to start with!
 TWO TYPES OF ELECTRIC BIKE MOTORS
• There are two main kinds of electric cycle, broadly known as full-power and power-assist, and they differ in
the way they're powered by the electric motor:

Full-power:
• These bikes are designed for minimal pedaling over relatively short distances. They have large batteries and
powerful hub motors and they tend to be big, sturdy, and heavy. Bikes like this are for people who love
cycling but hate pedaling! Since you're using power all the time, the range is limited (typically 16–30km or
10–20 miles).

Power-assist:
• Also known as pedal-assist bikes, these are the bicycle equivalents of hybrid cars: they're designed to be
pedaled quite a lot of the time and electrically powered either when you're tired or when you feel like a bit
of electric help (when you're going up hill, for example). Unlike full-power bikes, they don't have hub
motors; instead, there's a separate electric motor mounted near the rear wheel and driving it either through
the gear sprocket or simply by pressing against the rear tire. Where a hub motor is difficult or impossible to
pedal without any power (because you're effectively turning it into a generator), power-assist motors turn
easily with little or no resistance when you pedal. That gives power-assist bikes much greater range than
hub-motor ones (as much as 80–145km or 50–90 miles).
 TASK COMPLETED SO FAR

• So far we had done the basic and practical anlyasis , cost analysis ,and how project will go
forward.
• So far we have discover some amazing ideas and why our project has important values .
• Further steps will be design analysis and project modelling and final assessment .
 CONCLUSION

• our sole purpose of this project is to explore things and ideas that we don’t know so far and
improve our selves as engineers.
• To gain knowledge about electrical and electronics .
• Study towards environment friendly transport methods .
• We got admitted in automobile as lovers of engine and IC engine cars but now industry is
changing ,ideas ,technology is changing so as we have to change to maintain our scope in
industry so new evolution has already began as electric devolvement in vehicles .
THANK YOU