KINDS OF PHRASES

WHAT IS A PHRASE?
•Noun phrases
•Prepositional phrases
•Verb phrases
WHAT IS A NOUN PHRASE?
 NOUN PHRASES
Noun phrase merupakan kumpulan kata yang
mana didalamnya minimal terdapat ‘noun’.
 The basic structure of noun phrases
1. Noun phrase can consist of a noun alone.
Noun phrase bisa terdiri dari NOUN saja.

Contohnya;
Nurse, John, Audience, Patients.
John study English.
Doctor treats Diana.
Dona eats apples.
TEST YOURSELF 28.1
 Test Yourself 28.1
1.Pirates (1) were looking for treasure (2).
2.Furniture (3) can be expensive.
3.Boys (4) often want to be policemen (5).
4.People (6) think money (7) is useful.
5.Jeremy (8) was eating rice (9).
6.Sometimes juries (10) make mistakes (11).
7.Jenny (12) visited friends (13) yesterday.
8.Oil (14) is thicker than water (15).
9.Joel (16) hates bananas (17).
10.Writers (18) often like to work alone.
2. Noun phrase can consist of a determiner, one or more
adjectives, and a noun. (determiner and adjectives are
optional)
Noun phrase bisa terdiri dari determiner; satu atau lebih
adjectives dan satu noun.
Contohnya; the smart doctor, the best nurse
• Smart doctor = adjective + noun
• The doctor = determiner + noun
• The big brother = determiner + adjective + noun
• The brave big brother = determiner + adjectives + noun
 TEST YOURSELF 28.2
Noun phrase ; determiner +
noun
Test yourself 28.2
noun phrase : determiner (the,a,an) + noun
1.The winner (1) was overjoyed.
2.The crowd (2) dispersed peacefully.
3.A minute (3) can seem like an eternity (4).
4.The dentist (5) gave the patient (6) a toothbrush (7).
5.The couple (8) forget to tip the water (9).
6.A Mercedes (10) costs more then a Chevy (11).
7.The Andersons (12) bought a house (13).
8.The children (14) are sleeping.
9.The lake (15) is near the village (16).
10.The professor (17) paid the student (18) a compliment (19).
 TEST YOURSELF 28.3
Noun phrase ; determiner +
noun
Test yourself 28.3
noun phrase : determiner (any kind) + noun
1.His doorman(1) hailed a taxi(2).
2.As the doctor(3) toured the ward (4), a group (5) of her interns (6) went along.
3.Your daughter (7) looks great in this picture(8).
4.Some people (9) keep their jewelry (10) in a safe deposit box (11).
5.Jack’s friend (12) is an artist (13).
6.While driving in a snowstorm (14), Alex’s car (15) veered off the road (16).
7. Several spectators (17) wanted that ballplayer (18) thrown out of the game
(19).
8.The train (20) pulled into the station (21).
9.Most people (22) are proud of their country (23).
10.Andrea’s grandmother (24) used to bake a pie (25) in her kitchen (26) for her
grandchildren (27).
 TEST YOURSELF 28.4
Noun phrase ;
determiner + adjective + noun
Test yourself 28.4
noun phrase : determiner + adjective + noun
1.That adorable baby(1) was born in a rundown house (2) in a small town (3).
2.The elderly woman (4) wrote a short novel (5).
3.His crazy adventure (6) began with those strange letters (7).
4.Some Enchanted Evening (8) is a beautiful song (9) from a classic show (10).
5.Jackie’s famous father (11) is a talented immigrant (12) from a South American
country (13).
6.These old cookies (14) are stale.
7.A little attention (15) often helps a bruised ego (16).
8.Each passing moment (17) is a terrible waste (18).
9.Our new house (19) sits on the outermost edge (20) of this secluded island (21).
10.Many submitted manuscripts (22) are piled up on the cluttered desk (23) of the
finicky editor (24).
 TEST YOURSELF 28.5

Deciding the basic rule of noun

phrase
 Test Yourself 28.5
1. The pleasure in his voice was real. = determiner + noun
2. That annoying customer still got a good deal. = determiner + adjective + noun
3. Count your blessings! = determiner + noun
4. Jonathan’s jacket is brand new. = determiner + noun
5. He plays with his new gadget every day. = determiner + adjective + noun
6. His divorce received much publicity. = determiner + noun
7. I want the latest model for my office. = determiner + adjective + noun
8. Let’s hope this terrible weather changes soon. = determiner + adjective + noun
9. I don’t care for her new attitude. = determiner + adjective + noun
10.The motorcade passed by quickly. = determiner + noun
 TEST YOURSELF 28.6

Noun phrase=
determiner + adjective(s) + noun
Test Yourself 28.6
noun phrase = determiner + adjective (s) + noun
1.The small white dog (1) ran away.
2.The close friends (2) loved watching the old, classic movies (3).
3.Some Japanese cars (4) are rated very highly.
4.My lovely niece (5) arrived in a brand new convertible (6).
5.Those pesky flies (7) ruined my Australian vacation (8).
6.Your beautiful shiny hair (9) is enviable.
7.The crazy idea (10) of your nutty sister (11) turned out to be not so crazy after
all.
8.The Siamese cat (12) was extremely sociable.
9.My reliable old friend (13) made a terrible mistake (14).
10.This poor, hungry man (15) is craving a hearty hot meat sandwich (16).
 3. Noun phrase can consist of just a
pronoun.
Noun phrase bisa terdiri dari pronoun saja.
Contohnya; he, they, him, them.
 TEST YOURSELF 28.7

Noun phrase= pronoun

Test yourself 28.7
noun phrase = pronoun
1.He (1) ran away.
2.I (2) love watching them (3).
3.They (4) were extremely sociable.
4.We (5) want to invite you (6) over.
5.He (7) did it (8) and didn’t even tell us (9) about it (10).
6.It (11) made me (12) curious.
7.She (13) left us (14) confused.
8.I (15) am better for it (16).
9.You (17) will help me (18), won’t you (19)?
10.They (20) left yesterday.
 Summary noun phrase
• Basic rule of noun phrase
1. Noun
contoh ; nurse
2. Adjective + noun contoh ;
smart nurse
3. Determiner + noun contoh ; the
nurse
4. Determiner + adjective(s) + noun contoh ; the smart nurse
5. Pronoun
contoh ; she
 TEST YOURSELF 28.8
Identify kinds of words of noun
phrase

TEST YOURSELF 28.9

Underline the noun phrase
 Test yourself 28.8
1.The pleasure in your voice was real.
2.I still have that infamous necklace.
3.I forgot to mention it to you.
4.Mr. Bentley is a successful businessman.
5.Cobras are dangerous snakes.
6.Don’t forget to buy a low-fat turkey sandwich!
7.The coffee is too hot to drink.
8.She buys a pair of new shoes every year.
9.He took a cruise with his rich, generous uncle.
10.You may not know that whales are mammals
Test yourself 28.9
1.Joe traveled often.
2.The blazing sun can cause damage to your skin.
3.The unlucky scientist walked back.
4.We turned and left.
5.Those calculating politicians responded evasively.
6.The beaches of Tahiti are high on my list of places to visit.
7.Cigarettes are not good for your health, don’t you agree?
8.I think you should recommend this book to them.
9.Disneyland is a popular destination for European tourists.
10.Arnold hurried in.
 WHAT IS
A PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE?
 PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
• Prepositional phrase merupakan
kumpulan kata yang mana didalamnya
terdapat preposition.
MACAM – MACAM PREPOSITION
• The students are in the big library.
• They study near me.
• The doctor sent the document to the hospital.
• They worked around Pangkalan bun.

• The big library (determiner + adjective + noun)

• Me (pronoun)
• The hospital (determiner + noun)
• Pangkalan bun (noun)
Preposition selalu diikuti oleh
noun phrase
Prepositional phrase =
Preposition + noun
phrase

Contoh:
at the hospital
In the class
 TEST YOURSELF 29.1

Underline the prepositional

phrase
Test yourself 29.1
1.The fabric was between the boxes.
2.She always eats her lunch with a methodical thoroughness.
3.There was a temple near the hotel.
4.The gift was for a close friend.
5.The congressman is speaking to the press.
6.My son had lunch at McDonald’s.
7.She was sitting by the open window.
8.I never heard from him again.
9.The little boy was hiding under the round table.
10.She traveled without her husband.
Test yourself 29.2
1.The fabric was between the boxes.
2.She always eats her lunch with a methodical thoroughness.
3.There was a temple near the hotel.
4.The gift was for a close friend.
5.The congressman is speaking to the press.
6.My son had lunch at McDonald’s.
7.She was sitting by the open window.
8.I never heard from him again.
9.The little boy was hiding under the round table.
10.She traveled without her husband.
 Verb particle vs preposition
Ada beberapa verb plus particle combination;
Seperti
• Look up : I look up your number. / I search your number.
• Look after : they look after me. / they treat me.
Up dan after disini bukan preposition.
I am going after you.
She walked up the hill.
Can a sentence contain more than
one prepositional phrase?
• My book is on the table.
• My book is on the table near the window.
• My book is on the table near the window in the class.
 TEST YOURSELF 29.3

Underline the prepositional

phrase
 Test yourself 29.3

1. Andy ran into the field (1) across the road(2).

2. That first winter had been spent in New Hampshire(3).
3. She told the story of the night(4) she first arrived at the house (5).
4. The lady in the red dress (6) bought a bottle of perfume(7) with her credit card(8).
5. I met my long lost friend at the airport (9).
6. Sally arrived in New Orleans (10) around midnight (11).
7. My uncle walked into the office and breathed a sigh of relief(12).
8. We went to see the levee along the Mississippi River (13).
9. I saw this big ship on the Mediterranean Sea (14) disappear beyond the horizon (15).
10.To some people (16), that is one of the greatest movies (17) ever made.
WHAT IS A VERB PHRASE?
•Verb phrase merupakan kumpulan kata
yang mana didalamnya terdapat ‘verb’.
The basic structure of verb phrases
1.Every verb phrase contains a verb.
Setiap verb phrase terdapat sebuah verb.
Contohnya; laughed
left
go
study
 TEST YOURSELF 30.1

Underline the verb phrase

Verb phrase = verb

Test yourself 30.1
verb phrase = verb
1.Freddy disappeared.
2.A young woman cried.
3.The soldiers wait.
4.I slept.
5.The little girl smiled.
6.The music stopped.
7.We agree.
8.Last night the guests left.
9.Time flies.
10.A problem arose.
2. Verb phrase can consist of a verb plus a noun
phrase.
• Verb phrase bisa terdiri dari sebuah verb dan
sebuah noun phrase.
Contohnya: treat the patient.
 TEST YOURSELF 30.2

Underline the verb phrase

Verb phrase = verb + noun phrase
Test yourself 30.2
1.He created a monster.
2.Frank broke the plate.
3.Sherry and I left the house.
4.The detective examined the old broken doorknob.
5.We resent those comments.
6.I read an interesting book.
7.Their younger sister crossed the hall.
8.The Australian swimming team defeated the French.
9.The rich wife bought some insurance.
10.Courtney ordered soup.
Test yourself 30.3
tandai noun phrase dalam verb phrase
1.He created a monster.
2.Frank broke the plate.
3.Sherry and I left the house.
4.The detective examined the old broken doorknob.
5.We resent those comments.
6.I read an interesting book.
7.Their younger sister crossed the hall.
8.The Australian swimming team defeated the French.
9.The rich wife bought some insurance.
10.Courtney ordered soup.
3. Verb phrase can consist of a linking verb plus an adjective.
• Verb phrase bisa terdiri dari sebuah linking verb dan sebuah
adjective.
Contohnya; seems delicious
is nice.
• Adjective yang mengikuti linking verb dan bukan
menjadi bagian dari noun phrase disebut predicate
adjective.
• Sedangkan yang menjadi bagian dari noun phrase
disebut attribute adjective.
 TEST YOURSELF 30.4

Underline the verb phrase

Verb phrase = linking verb + adjective
Test Yourself 30.4
verb phrase = linking verb + adjective
1.The argument was silly.
2.The dress felt comfortable.
3.Steven became sick.
4.The point of this exercise seems obvious.
5.The children got excited.
6.You look happy.
7.Her voice sounds raspy.
8.She felt embarrassed.
9.The new director proved difficult.
10.Your pie tastes delicious.
Test Yourself 30.5
tandai adjective
1.The argument was silly.
2.The dress felt comfortable.
3.Steven became sick.
4.The point of this exercise seems obvious.
5.The children got excited.
6.You look happy.
7.Her voice sounds raspy.
8.She felt embarrassed.
9.The new director proved difficult.
10.Your pie tastes delicious.
 TEST YOURSELF 30.6

Underline the verb phrase

• Verb phrase = verb
• Verb phrase = verb + noun phrase
• Verb phrase = linking verb + adjective
 Test yourself 30.6
1.Brady was a radio engineer.
2.The king sent a clear message.
3.Those flowers look gorgeous.
4.Most able-bodied adults work.
5.I recognized them.
6.We adore your lovely little girl.
7.She grew impatient.
8.Your son grew.
9.Chuck became an electrical engineer.
10.The diners wanted more bread.
Test yourself 30.7
indicate the verb phrase
1.Brady was a radio engineer. = verb + noun phrase
2.The king sent a clear message. = verb + noun phrase
3.Those flowers look gorgeous. = verb + adjective
4.Most able-bodied adults work. = verb
5.I recognized them. = verb + noun phrase
6.We adore your lovely little girl. = verb + noun phrase
7.She grew impatient. = verb + adjective
8.Your son grew. = verb
9.Chuck became an electrical engineer. = verb + noun phrase
10.The diners wanted more bread. = verb + noun phrase
4. Verb phrase can consist of a verb plus a prepositional
phrase.
• Verb phrase bisa terdiri dari sebuah
verb dan sebuah prepositional phrase.
Contohnya; work at hospital,
sleep in the room.
 TEST YOURSELF 30.8

Underline the verb phrase

Verb phrase = verb + prepositional phrase

Test yourself 30.8
verb phrase = verb + prepositional phrase
1.The boat floated in the water.
2.Janice is from Kansas City.
3.Mrs. Miller is at the beach.
4.He looked for me.
5.The sun appeared above the horizon.
6.They live near each other.
7.I read between the lines.
8.He learned from his grandfather.
9.She played with her children.
10.Our plane flew over the Atlantic Ocean.
 TEST YOURSELF 30.9

Underline the verb phrase

• Verb phrase = verb
• Verb phrase = verb + noun phrase
• Verb phrase = verb + prepositional phrase
 Test yourself 30.9
1. Elinor rented a car.
2. The clowns never laugh with the audience.
3. The road trip ended.
4. The band played my favorite song.
5. They left at noon.
6. Brandy’s three-month-old baby smiled.
7. Our neighbors just returned from their country home.
8. I found the missing piece.
9. We ran through the woods.
10. On holidays, The Watsons entertain.
Test yourself 30.10
indicate the verb phrase
1. Elinor rented a car. = verb + noun phrase
2. The clowns never laugh with the audience. = verb + prepositional phrase
3. The road trip ended. = verb
4. The band played my favorite song. = verb + noun phrase
5. They left at noon. = verb + prepositional phrase
6. Brandy’s three-month-old baby smiled. = verb
7. Our neighbors just returned from their country home. = verb + prepositional phrase
8. I found the missing piece. = verb + noun phrase
9. We ran through the woods. = verb + prepositional phrase
10. On holidays, The Watsons entertain. = verb
 TEST YOURSELF 30.11

Underline the verb phrase

• Verb phrase = verb + adjective
• Verb phrase = verb + prepositional phrase
 Test yourself 30.11
1.Her mother looked under the bed.
2.Jan leaped for the shore.
3.The morning seemed peaceful.
4.The stock market fell hard.
5.She arrived with an empty suitcase.
6.A fight arose among the players.
7.The TV host appeared annoyed.
8.The bull ran down the narrow street.
9.It rolled under the bed.
10.The show was disastrous.
5. Verb phrase can consist of a verb plus a noun phrase plus a
prepositional phrase.
• Verb phrase bisa terdiri sebuah
verb dan sebuah noun phrase dan sebuah prepositional phrase.
Contohnya; treat him in the hospital.
 TEST YOURSELF 30.12

Underline the verb phrase

• Verb phrase = verb + noun phrase + prepositional
phrase
Test yourself 30.12
verb phrase = verb + noun phrase +
prepositional phrase
1.Vivian added calcium to her diet.
2.She knit that blanket from an unusual wool.
3.Her housekeeper rinsed those clothes in warm water.
4.I like my coffee without sugar.
5.Jack and Martha bought a wedding gift at Macy’s.
6.He put the steak on the grill.
7.A nervous driver pulled her smoking Audi into the repair shop.
8.The young man bought his first computer with his father’s credit card.
9.He rescued her from the boring party.
10.Alex met his wife near her office.
 TEST YOURSELF 30.13
Underline the verb phrase
1. Verb phrase = verb
2. Verb phrase = verb + noun phrase
3. Verb phrase = verb + adjective
4. Verb phrase = verb + prepositional phrase
5. Verb phrase = verb + noun phrase + prepositional
phrase
 Test yourself 30.13
1. Your sister is a talented pianist.
2. Their doctor operates at that hospital.
3. Robert threw himself into the battle.
4. The officer sounded unrealistic.
5. His mother went to the drugstore.
6. Yesterday we met a few of our friends.
7. Last night I studied.
8. The professor sounded eloquent.
9. We made a deal over dinner.
10.On Tuesdays Sarah paints in her studio.
Test yourself 30.14
indicate the verb phrases
1. Your sister is a talented pianist. = verb + noun phrase
2. Their doctor operates at that hospital. = verb + prepositional phrase
3. Robert threw himself into the battle. = verb + noun phrase + prepos phrase
4. The officer sounded unrealistic. = verb + adjective
5. His mother went to the drugstore. = verb + prepositional phrase
6. Yesterday we met a few of our friends. = verb + noun phrase
7. Last night I studied. = verb
8. The professor sounded eloquent. = verb + adjective
9. We made a deal over dinner. = verb + noun phrase + prepos phrase
10. On Tuesdays Sarah paints in her studio. = verb + prepositional phrase