Chapter 3 Method Analysis

Electrical Principles I:BNR10203) © FTK UTHM 2018

By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Introduction

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 Chapter 3 Content

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 Review

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 Nodal Analysis

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 Nodal Analysis

500W 500W

I1 V 1kW 500W I2
500W
–

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By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Steps of Nodal Analysis

1. Choose a reference node.

2. Assign node voltages to the other nodes.
3. Apply KCL to each node other than the
reference node; express currents in terms
of node voltages.
4. Solve the resulting system of linear
equations.
Important key idea resistance is a passive element, by
the passive sign convention, current must always flow
from a higher potential to a lower potential
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By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Nodal Analysis with voltage source

Electrical Principles I:BNR10203) © FTK UTHM 2018

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 Nodal Analysis with Voltage source
Case 1:
 If a voltage source is connected between
the reference node and a nonreference
node, we simply set the voltage at the
nonreference node equal to the voltage of
the voltage source.
Case 2:
 If the voltage source (dependent or
independent) is connected between two
nonreference nodes, the two nonreference
nodes
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 Nodal Analysis with Voltage source
(Supernode)

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 Properties of Supernode
1. The voltage source inside the supernode
provides a constraint equation needed to
solve for the node voltages.
2. A supernode has no voltage of its own.
3. A supernode requires the application of
both KCL and KVL.

Electrical Principles I:BNR10203) © FTK UTHM 2018

By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Steps to Solve Supernode
1. Identify supernode in the circuit
2. Identify Current flow direction on
supernode
3. Apply KCL on the supernode
4. Apply Ohms Law on KCL
5. Apply KVL to the supernode loop

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 Nodal Analysis (Supernode) (Eg 3.3)
Find the node voltages

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 Nodal Analysis (Supernode) (Eg 3.3)
Applied KCL

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 Nodal Analysis (Supernode) (Eg 3.3)
Applied KVL

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 Nodal Analysis (Supernode) (Eg 3.3)

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 Nodal Analysis (Supernode) (Eg 3.3)

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 Nodal Analysis (Supernode) (PP 3.3)
Find the v and i in the circuit

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 Nodal Analysis (Supernode) (PP 3.3)

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 Nodal Analysis (Supernode) (PP 3.3)

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 Nodal Analysis (Supernode) (PP 3.4)
Find the v1, v2, v3 in the circuit

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 Nodal Analysis (Supernode) (PP 3.4)

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Electrical Principles I:BNR10203) © FTK UTHM 2018
By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Nodal Analysis (Supernode) (Example)
Find the v1 in the circuit

7V

2A 4W 2W V1 4W

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Nodal Analysis (Supernode) (Example)

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 Mesh Analysis

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 Mesh Analysis
1. Mesh analysis provides another general
procedure for analyzing circuits.
2. Recall that a loop is a closed path with
no node passed more than once.
3. A mesh is a loop that does not contain
any other loop within it.
4. Mesh analysis apply KVL to find
unknown currents

Electrical Principles I:BNR10203) © FTK UTHM 2018

By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Mesh Analysis
1. Nodal analysis applies KCL to find
unknown voltages in a given circuit,
while mesh analysis applies KVL to find
unknown currents.
2. Mesh analysis is not quite as general as
nodal analysis because it is only
applicable to a circuit that is planar.

Electrical Principles I:BNR10203) © FTK UTHM 2018

By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Mesh Analysis (Planar Circuit)
1. A planar circuit is one that can be drawn
in a plane with no branches crossing one
another; otherwise it is nonplanar
2. A circuit may have crossing branches and
still be planar if it can be redrawn such
that it has no crossing branches.

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 Mesh Analysis (Non Planar Circuit)

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 Mesh Analysis (Non Planar Circuit)

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 Mesh Analysis (Non Planar Circuit
Redraw)

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 Mesh Analysis Steps
1. Assign mesh currents to the n meshes
2. Apply KVL to each of the n meshes. Use
Ohm’s law to express the voltages in
terms of the mesh currents.
3. Solve the resulting n simultaneous
equations to get the mesh currents.

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By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Mesh Analysis (Eg 3.5)
Find branch current I1, I2, I3 in the circuit
using mesh analysis

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By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Mesh Analysis (Eg 3.5)

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 Mesh Analysis (Eg 3.5)

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 Mesh Analysis (PP 3.5)
Find branch current I1, I2 in the circuit
using mesh analysis

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 Mesh Analysis (PP 3.5)

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 Mesh Analysis (Example extra 1)
Write the mesh equation for the following
circuit.

R1 R3 R5

VB1 R2 R4 VB2

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By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Mesh Analysis (Example extra 1)

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 Mesh Analysis (Example extra 2)
Find Vo for the following circuit.
4A

41V
2W 3W

2A Vo 6W 4W

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By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Mesh Analysis (Example extra 2)

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 Mesh Analysis (Example extra 3)
Find io for the following circuit.

Io
10Ω 24Ω

4Ω
24V
 4I
12Ω  o

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By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Mesh Analysis (Example extra 3)

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 Quiz 1
Find Io for the following circuit.

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 Quiz 1

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By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.
 Quiz 1

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By Dr.Lam Hong Yin All rights reserved.