Communication

OB
Prashant Dandekar
 Communication
 Definition –
It is process of exchanging information and understanding
between people
Three aspects of communication
It involves transmission and reception of message
Involves at least 2 people one sender and one receiver
It is an active, continuous, reciprocal and dynamic process
 Some facts about communication
 Italso uses symbols to create message
 Traditionally the focus was only on sender and his
communication skills . However now a days role of receiver has
also became important
 Major functions of communication
There are four major functions of communication
1. Helps in controlling member behaviour in one or other way
• Manager either informs employee about company
policies, or addresses any job related grievances; in such
case this function is used
2. Helps in motivating people
3. Helps in social interaction
• Frustrations and other feelings like satisfaction are
expressed
4. Provides information
• Information helps in taking decisions
• Information provided can change the attitude of person
 Stages of communication
• Sender
•Encoding
•Message
•It is physical form in which sender encodes the information. It can be
speech, written words or even gesture or facial expression
•Channel
•The medium through which message is transmitted.
•Decoding
•Receiver
•Feedback
•It is response of receiver to message. If it is there then it is TWO_WAY
communication else it is ONE_WAY communication
 Communication Climate
Communication client is nothing but the trust and confidence
between sender and communication.
If these two factors are present then communication is CLEAR
If these two factors lack then we can have DISTORTED
communication
NOISE
While transmitting the message or receiving the message, it
gets distorted due to noise. Noise can be any such factor like
• Unclear telephone line – leading to interrupted, unclear words
•Background noise of traffic
•Damaged antenna -leading to hazy picture
Communication – classification
 Another type of classification - communication

1. Downward communication
• Flows from upper level to lower level
• Examples – instructions about how to perform job
• Feedback on performance
• Policies of companies
2. Upward communication
• Flows from employee to his line managers
• Examples – providing suggestions, reporting grievance,
progress on task given
3. Lateral communication
• Also called as horizontal communication
• Happens between peers, group members, work groups
• Provides social and emotional support
Grapevine – Informal communication
 Informal communication
•Also called as GRAPEVINE
•It is carried out mainly face-to-face or over telephone
•Information travels very fast compared to formal communication
•This is more spontaneous form of expression
•More censorship on official communication , more informative is
grapevine
•Three types of grapevine are
•Chain system
•Cluster system
•Gossip system
•Grapevine can play both positive and negative roles
•Positive – helps in building teamwork , helps in motivating people,
supplements formal communication
•Non-controversial information passing through grapevine is often
correct; while controversial information is most erroneous
Life positions
Personality test
 MBTI - Myers Briggs Type Indicator - Personality Test
• MBTI is used for
– Employee hiring
– Team building

• MBTI talks about

 How people prefer to focus their attention – intro or extroverts
 How people collect information
 How people process and evaluate information
 How people orient themselves to other
MBTI - Myers Briggs Type Indicator - Personality Test
E v/s I
S v/s N
T v/s F
J v/s P
 Immaturity to maturity
Healthy people move from immaturity to maturity
unhealthy people however show immaturity

Immaturity Maturity
Passive Active
Dependence Independence
Limited behaviour Diverse behaviour
Shallow interests Deep interests
Short time perspective Long time perspective
Subordinate position Super ordinate position
Lack of self- awareness Self awareness and control