School of CEGE

Timber Design

Presented by

Dr. Gilford B. Estores, PhD

 Timber Beam Design

6M
1. Bending Stress fb  2
, for rectangular section
bd
3V
2. Shearing Stress fv  , for rectangular section
2bd

Sample Problem 1. A 100mm x 200mm rectangular beams carries a uniformly

distributed load of w in KN/m over its entire span. The beam is freely supported
at its ends. If the maximum allowable bending stress is 8.27 MPa and simultaneously
the maximum allowable shearing stress is 0.70 MPa. Determine the following:

1. maximum vertical shear

2. span of the beam
3. value of uniform load w in KN/m

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 Timber Beam Design

Sample Problem 2. A simply supported beam carrying a uniform load has a span of
6m. The beam has adequate lateral supports. Allowable stress for bending = 0.21MPa,
for shear = 0.85 MPa, and E of wood = 13,790 MPa. The allowable deflection is L/360
of span. Determine the following:

1. depth of the beam so that bending stress will reach the allowable deflection.
2. safe uniform load it could carry if shearing stress governs for b = 200mm.
3. uniform load it could carry if bending stress governs for b = 200mm.

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 Timber Column Design

Axially Loaded Wooden Column

Buckling Factors Ke:

Ke = 1.0, for simply supported end supports

Ke = 0.80, for semi-fixed end supports
Ke = 0.65, for fixed-end supports

Effective length, Le = Ke L

1. Short column, when Le/d =11 or less, Fc’ = Fc

E
2. Intermediate column, when Le/d > 11 but less than K  0.671
Fc
 1  Le / d  4 
Fc'  Fc 1    
 3  K  
0.30 E
3. Long column, when Le/d > K, Fc 
Le d 2
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 Timber Column Design

Sample Problem 1.

A timber column of square cross section has a length of 3m and a dimension of 150mm
x 150mm. It is hinged at the ends. The relevant code on the compressive strength Fc as
given from the Table, for unseasoned Apitong with 80% stress grade, E = 7,310 MPa
and Fc = 9.56 MPa parallel to the grain. Determine the following:

1. the allowable compressive stress.

2. the allowable axial load.

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 Timber Column Design

Sample Problem 2.

An old Apitong post 200mm x 300mm x 4,250mm long has been previously designed
with an allowable compressive stress of 9.56 MPa and E = 7,310 MPa. It is designed to
substitute the old column with a Yakal column of the same length as the old column.
Allowable compressive stress for Yakal is 15.8 MPa with E = 9,780 MPa.
Determine the following:

1. the capacity of Apitong.

2. the size of Yakal column required to replace Apitong.
3. % increase in the capacity of the new column relative to the old column.

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 Timber Column Design

Sample Problem 3. Column with eccentric load.

A timber column 300mm x 350mm in cross section has a height of 6m. It is subjected to
an axial load of 356 KN and an eccentric load of 89KN at an eccentricity of 600mm
which is acting at 1.50m below the top support of the column. The column is supported
both at the top and bottom so that K=1.0. Allowable bending stress = 12.4 MPa and
allowable compressive stress parallel to the grain is 13.13 MPa. E = 13,500 MPa.
Determine the following:

1. the allowable compressive stress of the column section.

2. the actual bending stress of the column section.