Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Prabal Dutta
University of Michigan
Lecture 1: Introduction
September 7, 2010
1
What is an embedded system?
2
3
Embedded, everywhere
4
What is driving the
embedded everywhere explosion?
5
Outline
Technology Trends
Design Questions
Course Administrivia
6
Bell’s Law of Computer Classes:
A new computing class roughly every decade
log (people per computer)
Number Crunching
Data Storage
Mainframe
Minicomputer productivity
Workstation
interactive
PC
streaming
Laptop
information
CPSD
to/from physical
world
year
“Roughly every decade a new, lower priced computer
class forms based on a new programming platform,
network, and interface resulting in new usage and
Adapted from
the establishment of a new industry.” D. Culler 7
Moore’s Law:
IC transistor count doubles every two years
9
Hendy’s “Law”:
Pixels per dollar doubles annually
O(mA)
25 µA @ 25 Hz
ADXL345
[Analog Devices, 2009]
10 µA @ 10 Hz @ 6 bits
[ST Microelectronics, annc. 2009] 11
MEMS Gyroscope Chip
Thin-film batteries
Shock Energy Harvesting
CEDRAT Technologies
Electrostatic Energy
Harvester [ICL]
Piezoelectric
[Holst/IMEC]
Thermoelectric Ambient
Energy Harvester [PNNL] 13
Bell’s Law, Take 2:
Corollary to the Laws of Scale
Technology Trends
Design Questions
Course Administrivia
15
Learning happens when assumptions
are challenged and invalidated, so…
16
Mobile phones: the most successful technology ever
17
What happened elsewhere now happens on the phone
18
What happens when you press the
power switch on your mobile phone?
19
Mobile phone system architecture
20
What’s inside a DSL modem?
21
What’s inside a DSL Modem?
22
Why study 32-bit MCUs and FPGAs?
23
MCU-32 and PLDs are tied in embedded market share
24
Why study the ARM architecture
(and the Cortex-M3 in particular)?
25
Lots of manufacturers ship ARM products
26
What differentiates these
products from one another?
27
The difference is…
Peripherals
Peripherals
Peripherals
28
A embedded systems design example:
Turning the mobile phone into an oscilloscope
29
Integrating power, data, and processing
1” x 1”
30
Outline
Technology Trends
Design Questions
Course Administrivia
31
Instructional Staff
(see homepage for contact info, office hours)
32
Prerequisites
33
Course Syllabus (tentative)
34
Labs
• Start TODAY!
• Tutorials to familiarize you ARM, Actel tools
• Should be fun
– Learn how to sensor/control physical world
– Build hardware (include PCBs)
• Should be instructive
– Program in Verilog
– Program in C, and assembly
– Learn debugging skills
– Learn how to interface peripherals to the CPU/MCU
• Are challenging and time-consuming - plan ahead
35
Open-ended Project
36
Exams
• Minute Quizzes
– Short, Random
– Over previous day’s material
37
Grading
38
Questions?
Comments?
Discussion?
39