Focus on children: observations Focus on children: Asking about their views and opinions Focus on children: Using Interviews Focus on children: Using questionnaires Focus on teachers: recording own classroom or inviting an observer • Recording one or a series of lesssons can provide the teacher with an objective record of exactly what was said, what questions were asked, or what instrustions were given. • Recording the patterns for one or several lessons will help the teacher to become more awareof what is happening in the classroom. Other research instruments Approaching the same question in different ways Using more than one instrument