SOCIOLOGY AND

HUMAN SETTLEMENT
PRESENTATION- I
SUBMITTED BY-
AYSHA JASRIN
BHAVANA DINESH
DRISHYA M
NAUREEN K S
RIFATH KUNHABDULLA
ANJU BRITIYA
INTRODUCTION

 The Tibetan diaspora is the term used to refer to the communities of

Tibetan people living outside their original homeland of Tibet.
 The diaspora took place in three stages.
 The first stage was in 1959 when the 14th Dalai Lama escaped to
Dharamshala in India in fear of persecution from the People’s
Liberation Army.
 The second stage was in the 1980s when China opened Tibet to
foreigners.
 The third stage started in 1996 and still continues with less
frequency.
 After the first stage, many Tibetan
nationals followed the footsteps of the
Dalai Lama and fled to India over the last
60 years.
 More than 150,000 Tibetans sought
refuge in India and about 120,000 still
remain.
 Soon after the refugees started coming
to India, the Department of Home
established 58 settlements in India, Nepal
and Bhutan.
 In India, there were 26 agriculture- based,
19 handicraft- based and 13 cluster
communities of settlements.
 In 1960, the Mysore Government allotted 3000 acres of land at
Bylakuppe and the first ever Tibetan Settlement, Lugsung
Samdupling came into existence in 1961.
 In a few more years, another Tibetan Settlement, Tibetan Dickey
Larsoe was established which was later followed by three more
settlements in Karnataka.
 Karnataka then became the state with the largest Tibetan
Settlements.
 Dhondenling Tibetan Settlement, Kollegal, Karnataka settlement
was established in 1974 with the help of the Government of India
and Karnataka State.
BYLAKUPPE
• Bylakuppe is the second largest Tibetan settlement in the
world outside Tibet after Dharmashala
LOCATION

 The west of Mysore district in the Indian state

of Karnataka which is roughly 80 km from Mysore city
 Twin (Indian) town Kushalanagar is about 6 kilometres
from Bylakuppe.
 It also shares the border with Eastern part of Coorg
district
HISTORY
 The first ever Tibetan exile settlement, Lugsung
Samdupling came into existence in 1961
 A few years later another settlement, Tibetan Dickey Larsoe
was established
 Followed by the establishment of three more settlements in
Karnataka state, making it the state with the largest Tibetan
refugee population.
POPULATION

 An estimated 70,000 Tibetans live in the settlements

 Bylakuppe consists of
-agricultural settlements
-colonies
-monasteries
-temples in all the major Tibetan Buddhist traditions
TIBETAN BUDDHIST MONASTERIES
AND STUDY CENTERS OF BYLAKUPPE
 Namdroling Monastery of Nyingma Also known as
Golden Temple
 Drigung Kagyud Monastery
 Sakya Monastery
 Sera je Monastery
 Sera Mey Monastery
 Tashi Lhunpo monastery
Namdroling Monastery

Sakya Monastery
Interiors of Namdroling Monastery
Sera Monastery

Tashi Lunpho Monastery

FACILITIES

 Bylakuppe is a small town.

 It has a police station, commercial banks, a telephone
exchange, a post office, lodges and hotels.
 Transport facilities such as buses, auto-rickshaws and
taxis are also available
 TYPES OF HOUSES

 Houses in the Bylakuppe settlement

are Indian type.
 They are made of bricks.
 The type of roof varies with respect to
the affluence of the inhabitants. It is
noted that a majority of the houses
are tile roofed followed by concrete
ones.
• Huts are rare in the settlement.
• A considerable number of houses
have a sizeable hall with a bedroom
and kitchen situated in an average
area of 3-4 cents
SETTLER’S LIVELIHOOD

 Most of the original families have a small piece of

agricultural land for their living.
 Due to lack of irrigation facilities, the rain fed crop
agriculture is practiced, which is not sufficient to sustain the
families on farming alone.
 Besides agricultural, the settlers are engaged in trading,
restaurants, shop keeping, and seasonal sweater selling etc.
NAMDROLING MONASTERY
 Namdroling Monastery is the largest teaching center of
the Nyingma lineage of Tibetan Buddhism in the world.
 The Nyingma particularly believes in hidden terma treasures and place an
emphasis on Dzogchen (“Great Perfection”).
 The Monastery is located in Bylakuppe in Mysore.
 It is home to a sangha community of over 5000 Lamas, a junior high
school, a religious college and a hospital.
 The monastery was established by the 11th throneholder, Drubwang Padma
Norbu Rinpoche in 1963, following his 1959 exit from Tibet.
 It was considered as the
second seat of the Palyul
Monastery, which was one
of six, prior to annexation.
 The initial structure was a
temple constructed from
bamboo.
 It took up an area of 80 sq.
ft.
 It is now a renowned center
for the pure upholings and
teachings of the Buddha.
DHONDENLING
TIBETAN SETTLEMENT
DHONDENLING TIBETAN SETTLEMENT
 Dhondenling Tibetan settlement, Kollegal, Karnataka.
 This settlement was established in 1974 with the help of the
Government of India and Karnataka State.
 Mysore Resettlement and Development Agency (MYRADA)
extended their technical help in construction of living
quarters, settlement offices, hospital , school buildings road
etc.
 The settlement has total area of 3000 acres.
LOCATION
SETTLEMENT LOCATION

 Dhondenling Tibetan settlement is located at Odeyarpalaya, Kollegal

Taluk in Karanataka State,
Chamrajnagar district near Karnataka - Tamil Nadu border.
 The settlement is at a height of 3345 ft, above sea level.
 This settlement consists of 22 villages or refugee camps with
average of 25-35 families in each camps.
 CLIMATE

 Experience a moderate climatic condition.

 The average temperature of the place is about 20° Celsius.
 Average annual
rainfall of 140-170 cm
per year.
Settlement Population

 Initial population 3160

 Present Population 4171
SETTLER’S LIVELIHOOD

 Agriculture is the main stay of the settlement people.

 They cultivate maize, rice, ragi etc.
 Apart from the agriculture, some of the settlers also do sweater
selling during winter season to earn extra income to their family.
FACILITIES IN THE SETTLEMENT
• Three Kindergarten school
SCHOOL • One main primary school upto 10th standard

• One modern allopathic hospital

HEALTH FACILITIES • One Tibetan Medical and Astro institute

• The settlement has five monasteries

• Dzongchen monasteries
• Taksham monasteries
MONASTERIES • Tanak monasteries
• Dhragyal monasteries
• Bayoe monasteries

• The settlement has one co-operative Society with few

Co-operative Society public service section, namely fair price shop, tractor
repair and rental section, handicraft Center.
DZOGCHEN
MONASTERY
DZOGCHEN MONASTERY
• Dzogchen Monastery is one of the six great monasteriesof
the Nyingma tradition of Tibetan Buddhism.
• Dzogchen Monastery was founded during the 17th century in
Derge, Kham, Eastern Tibet,
• It has been the home of many great masters, such as the Dzogchen
Patrul Rinpoche.
• The institution of Dzogchen has kept alive the unbroken lineage of
Padmasambhava for centuries through intensive instruction in study
and meditation practice.
DZOGCHEN MONASTERY

 After a destruction of the monastery in the late 1950s, during which

the complex was burnt to the ground for a second time in its history,
it was re-established in South India according to the directions of
the 14th Dalai Lama.
 The site was chosen personally by the Dalai Lama on land close to
his own Dhondenling residence.
 Work began in 1985, three hundred years after the completion of the
original Dzogchen Monastery in Kham.
Dzogchen in tibet

Dzogchen in karnataka
CONCLUSION

 One of the greatest problems in the settlements is that the population

is rapidly growing, due to the number of births in the community
and the steady streams of new refugees, which has increased since
1980 when travel restrictions from Tibet became more relaxed.
 This has put strain on the already fragile economy and infrastructure
of the settlements and the housing, sanitation, health clinics, schools
and other facilities are no longer equipped to deal with the number
of people in the settlements.