HARAMAYA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS

INFORMATION SYSTEM DEPARTMENT
HUMAN AND COMPUTER INTERACTION GROUP ASSIGNMENT II

GROUP MEMBERS
1.EDEN ZEWDIE 595/08
2.GEMECHIS SHIFERAW 607/08
3.MESERAT BEFIKADU 623/08
4.MOHAMMED JAFER 575/08
 1.SENSOR

 A device which provides a usable output in response to a specified

measurement. suitable for processing (e.g. optical, electrical,
mechanical)
 Nowadays common sensors convert measurement of physical
phenomena into an electrical signal
 a sensor is a device, module, or subsystem whose purpose is to detect
events or changes in its environment and send the information to other
electronics, frequently a computer processor . A sensor is always used
with other electronics.
Types of sensor
1. Motion Sensors
Monitor location of various parts in a system
 absolute/relative position
 angular/relative displacement
 proximity
 acceleration
2. Light Sensor
Light sensors are used in cameras, infrared detectors, and ambient
lighting applications . Sensor is composed of photo conductor such as a
photo resistor, photodiode, or photo transistor.
3.Magnetic Field Sensor
Magnetic Field sensors are used for power steering, security, and current measurements on transmission
lines

Fig 2.magnetic field sensor

4.Ultrasonic Sensor
Ultrasonic sensors are used for position measurements
• Sound waves emitted are in the range of 2-13 MHz
• Sound Navigation And Ranging (SONAR)
• Radio Detection And Ranging (RADAR) – ELECTROMAGNETIC
WAVES !! 15° - 20

Fig 4.ULTRASONIC SENSOR

2.RFID
It is a technology which works on radio frequency and it is used for the auto-
identification for the different object. The RFID system mainly consists of two
parts. In this RFID system, this RFID reader continuously sends radio waves
of a particular frequency. It uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify
and track tags attached to objects. The tags contain electronically-stored
information. Passive tags collect energy from a nearby RFID reader's
interrogating radio waves. Active tags have a local power source (such as a
battery) and may operate hundreds of meters from the RFID reader. Unlike
a barcode, the tag need not be within the line of sight of the reader, so it may be
embedded in the tracked object. RFID is one method of automatic identification
and data capture (AIDC).
RFID APPLICATION
Manufacturing and Processing
– Inventory and production process monitoring
– Warehouse order fulfillment
Supply Chain Management
– Inventory tracking systems
– Logistics management
Retail
– Inventory control and customer insight
Auto checkout with reverse logistics
Security
– Access control
– Counterfeiting and Theft control/prevention
Location Tracking
– Traffic movement control and parking management
– Wildlife/Livestock monitoring and tracking
3.3D interface
three-dimensional is a misnomer—their displays are two-dimensional. Semantically, however,
most graphical user interfaces use three dimensions. With height and width, they offer a third
dimension of layering or stacking screen elements over one another. This may be represented
visually on screen through an illusionary transparent effect, which offers the advantage that
information in background windows may still be read, if not interacted with. Or the environment
may simply hide the background information, possibly making the distinction apparent by
drawing a drop shadow effect over it. Some environments use the methods of 3D graphics to
project virtual three dimensional user interface objects onto the screen. These are often shown in
use in science fiction films .As the processing power of computer graphics hardware increases,
this becomes less of an obstacle to a smooth user experience. Three-dimensional graphics are
currently mostly used in computer games, art, and computer-aided design (CAD). A three-
dimensional computing environment can also be useful in other uses, like molecular
graphics, aircraft design and Phase Equilibrium Calculations/Design of unit operations and
chemical processes
…continued
Several attempts have been made to create a multi-user three-dimensional environment, including
the Croquet Project and Sun's Project Looking Glass. The use of three-dimensional graphics has
become increasingly common in mainstream operating systems, from creating attractive
interfaces, termed eye candy, to functional purposes only possible using three dimensions. For
example, user switching is represented by rotating a cube which faces are each user's workspace,
and window management is represented via a Rolodex-style flipping mechanism in Windows
Vista
 4.Touch Screen

A touchscreen, or touch screen, is an input device and normally layered

on the top of an electronic visual display of an information processing
system. A user can give input or control the information processing
system through simple or multi-touch gestures by touching the screen
with a special stylus or one or more fingers .
Some touchscreens use ordinary or specially coated gloves to work while
others may only work using a special stylus or pen. The user can use the
touchscreen to react to what is displayed and, if the software allows, to
control how it is displayed; for example, zooming to increase the text
size.
 4.Touch Screen

The touchscreen enables the user to interact directly with what is

displayed, rather than using a mouse, touchpad, or other such devices
(other than a stylus, which is optional for most modern touchscreens).
Touchscreens are common in devices such as game consoles, personal
computers, electronic voting machines, and point-of-sale (POS) systems.
They can also be attached to computers or, as terminals, to networks.
They play a prominent role in the design of digital appliances such
as personal digital assistants (PDAs) and some e-readers.
…Continued
Historically, the touchscreen sensor and its accompanying controller-
based firmware have been made available by a wide array of after-
market system integrators, and not by display, chip, or motherboard
manufacturers. Display manufacturers and chip manufacturers have
acknowledged the trend toward acceptance of touchscreens as a user
interface component and have begun to integrate touchscreens into the
fundamental design of their products.