The accident and

emergency
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 REPORTING,
RECORD, AND
DOCUMENTING

PRONUNCIATION EXPRESSING
CORRECTION PROHIBITION

The
Accident
and
emergency

GRAMER FIRST AID

CORECTION EQIPMENTS
 THE ACCIDENT AND EMERGENCY

Accidents are unexpected Emergency is a condition where it

events (there is no intentional
element) and are not expected
because they cause harm, both
material and suffering to those
who experience it.
can be life-threatening if it does
not get immediate help. Examples:
respiratory, cardiac, seizures,
coma, head trauma with
decreased consciousness.

According to
Emergency Nursing is
a nursing profesioanal
service that is given to
patients with urgent
and critical needs.
 Reporting accidents

accident The company’s

report is a form ACCIDENT/INCIDENT
that is filled INVESTIGATION FORM
out in order to
record details STATE EMPLOYER’S REPORT OF
of an unusual OCCUPATIONAL INJURY OR
event that ILLNESS
occurs at the
facility, such
as an injury to EMPLOYEE’S CLAIM FOR WORKERS’
COMPENSATION BENEFITS
a patient.
 Record accidents

These fact must be recorded :

a thing
constituting a The name of the injured person, home address
piece of and occupation
evidence about
the past, The signature of the person making the entry,
home address, occupation and date
especially an
account of an
act or When and where the accidents happened

occurrence kept
in writing or some A brief description of the accident, cause and
what the injury is
other permanent
form. Wether it is reportable to the HSE (this is the
employer’s responsibility)
 Documenting accidents

Guidelines for Documentation

Seizure Observation Record

Incident Reports and Unusual Occurrence Forms

Workers’ Compensation Injury Form

EXPRESSING PROHIBITION

Prohibition is a
prohibited sentence or
warning for others not to
do something. For
example: 'Don't touch
me!' , 'Don't be lazy!',
And 'Don't step the
grass'. This prohibition
sentence usually starts
with the words 'don't' or
'do not' which means
not.
 Verbal Prohibition
1. Don't 3. Don't 4. Don't step
Don't + Verb 1 2. Don't cry!
touch me! come late! in the grass!

5. Don't read
6. Don't swim 7. Don't go 8. Don't 9. Don't
books loudly
too far! away! leave me! blame her!
in the library!

11. Don't eat 13. Don't 14. Don't

10. Don't eat 12. Don't
my ice play football leave me
too much! follow me!
cream! in the house! alone!

16. Don't run

15. Don't
in the
speak to her!
hallway!
Nominal Prohibition

Nominal Prohibitions
are key words that
contain the word
Adverb (Adverb),
Noun (Noun), and
Adjective
(Adjective). Then the
formula is Don't + be
+ Adverb / Noun /
Adjective.
 1. Don't be late!

2. Don't be sad!

3. Don't be lazy!

4. Don't be a stupid person

5. Don't be so serious

6. Don't be a corruptor

7. Don't be an useless person

8. Don't be crazy!

9. Don't be mad at me!

10. Don't be hopeless!

 Prohibition 'No + Verb-Ing'

In addition to verbal forms and nominal prohibitions there is also a

prohibition in the form of No + verb. The meaning of 'No' here is the
same as 'no' which means no. Here's an example of the sentence:
1. No smoking! (dilarang merokok)
2. No `shing (dilarang memancing)
3. No littering (dilarang membuang sampah)
4. No feeding (jangan memberi makan)
5. No tipping (jangan memberikan uang tip)
6. No parking (dilarang parkir)
 Expressing Prohibition
It is prohibited to ...

You aren’t allowed to ...

You mustn’t ...

You aren’t permitted to ...

It is forbidden to ...
•Examples:

Parking is strictly prohibited between these gates.

Students aren't allowed to come too late to school.

Drivers mustn't park their cars here.

It is forbidden to walk on grass.

Smoking isn't permitted in hospitals.

People aren't permitted to throw rubbish here.

 FIRST AID AND EQUIPMENT
 A first aid equipments is a collection of supplies and equipment that is used
to give medical treatment
Protective equipment consisting of gloves and face masks from masks
and masks is so as not to enter the wound that can be infected. Pain relievers
Prepare a minimum face mask and mask in the first aid box.

Alcohol, anti-biotic cream, anti-septic fluid Antibiotic drugs to deliver infections

Gauze Tweezers, cotton, and scissors

Bandages measuring five to tens of centimeters and tape First aid guide
 1. Simple Present Tense
Formula:
 (+) S + V1 + O/C
 (-) S + do/does + not + V1 + O/C
 (?) Do/does + S + V1 + O/C
Find here Example of Simple Present Tense:
 (+) Sisca reads book everyday.
 (-) Sisca does not read book everyday.
 (?) Does Sisca read book everyday?Yes, she does. / No, she does
not.
 2. Present Continuous Tense
Formula:
 (+) S + be + V1 + ing + O/C
 (-) S + be + not + V1 + ing + O/C
 (?) Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C
Find here Example of Present Continuous Tense:
 (+) He is playing badminton now
 (-) He is not playing badminton now
 (?) Is he playing badminton now?Yes, he is. / No, he is not.
 3. Present Perfect Tense
Formula : Find here Example of Present Perfect T
 (+) S + has/have + been + O/C ense:

 S + has/have + V3 + O/C  (+) He has been at home for a mon

 (-
) S + has/have + not + been + O/
C  (-
 S + has/have + not + V3 + O/C
 (?) Have/has + S + been + O/C
 Have/has + S + V3 + O/C
th.Roni has eaten the steak already
.
) He has not been at home for a m
onth.Roni has not eaten the steak a
lready.
 (?) Has he been at home for a mon
th?Has he eaten the steak already?
Yes, he has. / No, he has not.
 4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Formula:
 (+) S + have/has + been + V-ing
 (-) S + have/has + not + been + V-ing
 (?) Have/has + S + been + V-ing
Find here Example of Perfect Continuous Tense:
 (+) He has been playing guitar for two hours.
 (-) He has not been playing guitar for two hours.
 (?) Has he been playing guitar for two hours?Yes, he has. / No, he has
not
 5. Simple Past Tense
Formula:
 (+) S + to be (was/were) + O/C
 S + V2 + O/C
 (-) S + to be (was/were) + not + O/C
 S + did not + V1 + O/C
 (?) Did + S + V1 + O/C
Find here Example of Simple Past Tense:
 (+) He was a businessman in 1999.He visited me yesterday.
 (-) He was not a businessman in 1999.He did not visit me yesterday.
 (?) Did he visit you yesterday?Yes, he did. / No, he did not.
 6. Past Continuous Tense
Formula:
 (+) S + to be (was/were) + V-ing + O/C
 (-) S + to be (was/were) + not + V-ing + O/C
 (?) Was/were + S + V-ing + O/C
Find here Example of Past Continuous Tense:
 (+) She was sleeping when I came.
 (-) She was not sleeping when I came.
 (?) Was she sleeping when you came?Yes, she was. / No, she was not.
 7. Past Perfect Tense
Formula:
 (+) S + had + V3 + O/C
 (-) S + had + not + V3 + O/C
 (?) Had + S + V3 + O/C
Find here Example of Past Perfect Tense:
 (+) He had gone to Bali when I called him.
 (-) He had not gone to Bali when I called him.
 (?) Had he gone to Bali when you called him?Yes, he had. / No, he ha
d not.
 8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Formula:
 (+) S + had + been + V-ing + O/C
 (-) S + had + not + been + V-ing + O/C
 (?) Had + S + been + V-ing + O/C
Find here Example of Past Perfect Continuous Tense:
 (+) They had been living in Jakarta about ten years.
 (-) They had not been living in Jakarta about ten years.
 (?) Had they been living in Jakarta about ten years?Yes, they had. / N
o, they had not.
 9. Simple Future Tense
Formula: Find here Example of Simple Future Ten
 (+) S + will/shall + V1 + O/C se:

 S + am/is/are + going to + V1 +  (+) She will eat fried rice.She is going

O/C to eat fried rice.

 (-) S + will/shall + not + V1 + O/C  (-

) She will not eat fried rice.She is not
 S + am/is/are + not + going to + going to eat fried rice.
V1 + O/C
 (?) Will she eat fried rice?Is she going
 (?) Will/shall + S + V1 + O/C to eat fried rice?Yes, she will. / No, sh
 e will not.Yes, she is. / No, she is not.
Am/is/are + S + going to + V1 +
O/C
 10. Future Continuous Tense  11. Future Perfect Tense
 Formula: Formula:
 (+) S + will/shall + be + V-ing + O/C (+) S + shall/will + have + been + C
 (-) S + will/shall + not + be + V-  S + shall/will + have + V3 + O
ing + O/C (-) S + shall/will + not + have + been + C
 (?) Will/shall + S + be + V-ing + O/C  S + shall/will + not + have + V3 + O
(?) Shall/will + S + have + been + C
 Shall/will + S + have + V3 + O
 12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Formula:
 (+) S + shall/will + have + been + V-ing + O
 (-) S + shall/will + not + have + been + V-ing + O
 (?) Shall/will + S + have + been + V-ing + O
13. Past Future Tense 15. Past Future Perfect Tense
 Formula: Formula:
 (+) S + should/would + be + O  (+) S + should/would + have + been + C
 S + should/would + V1 + O  S + should/would + have + V3 + O
 (-) S + should/would + not + be + O  (-
 S + should/would + not + V1 + O ) S + should/would + not + have + been
+C
 (?) Should/would + S + be + O
 S + should/would + not + have + V3 + O
 Should/would + S + V1 + O
 (?) Should/would + S + have + been + C
14. Past Future Continuous Tense  Should/would + S + have + V3 + O
Formula :
 (+) S + should/would + be + V-ing + O
 (-) S + should/would + not + be + V-ing + O
 (?) Should/would + S + be + V-ing + O
16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Formula:
 (+) S + should/would + have + been + V-ing + O
 (-) S + should/would + not + have + been + V-ing + O
 (?) Should/would + S + have + been + V-ing + O
 E. PRONUNCIATION CORRECTION
Discribing an accident
 An accident occurred / happened between two cars travelling in the same / opposite
direction. One car was travelling at speed (at X miles per hour)
 As the driver was rounding the corner, he drove straight into another car which was on the
wrong side of the road. The driver lost control of the car and ploughed into the other lane /
overturned / drove into an oncoming vehicle / into a tree.
 As the driver was overtaking another / went through a red light / he drove straight into
oncoming traffic
 A lorry jackknifed, spilling its load over the road.
 The brakes failed / the car driver misjudged the distance.
 The car was speeding / doing 80mph in a 30mph area.
 The driver was under the influence of alcohol / drugs / on his mobile phone at the time.
 E. PRONUNCIATION CORRECTION
Phrases in an emergency situation
 I need an ambulance
 Please hurry
 I need the police
 The building is on fire
 I can smell burning
 Where is the fire escape
 Call the fire brigade
 There’s been an accident
 I need a doctor
 She’s not breathing
 Does anyone know how to do CPR
 E. PRONUNCIATION CORRECTION
 Some words related in accident and emergency situation.
 Alert - Coastguard
 Ambulance - Mayday
 Force - Life-saver
 Lifeguard - Rescue
 Paramedic - Panic Button
 Collapsed - Passed out
 Bleeding - Unconscious