Mechanical and Durability Aspects of Concrete

Incorporating Secondary Aluminium Slag

By. M. Satish Reddy, D. Neeraja
School of Civil and Chemical Engineering,VIT University,
Vellore,Tamilnadu, India
 Our Team
Mechanical and Durability Aspects of Concrete
Incorporating Secondary Aluminium Slag.

Avita Nurul H. Sara Chrisandy Mila Rosanti Mohamad Agus J

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 Agenda Layout
INTRODUCTION
A Waste generation of industries, Sustainable, Secondary alumunium dross.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES
B Setting time, compressive, flexural, & Split tensile Strentgh

DURBILITY TEST
C Chloride penetration, Sorptivity, &Water absorption.

D SUMMARY & CONCLUDING REMARKS

 INTRODUCTION
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Industrial Waste
Lately, the type and quantity of waste generation
from industries, companies and housing sector
have increased significanly
Industrial waste is the waste
produced by industrial activity
which includes any material that is
rendered useless during a
manufacturing process
 Type of Waste

Non-Biodegrable Biodegrable
Sustainable

Secondary Alumunium Dross Partially Cement

(ASD)
Experimental Studies
For the present investigation, the sample of
secondary aluminium dross is obtained from M/s
VakkalImpex (P) Ltd, Hindupur, Andhra Pradesh,
India
The wastes are irregular in shape,
black in colour and contain lumps
and small particles of aluminium
produced by burning aluminium
scraps (raw material) in a furnace
at about 1900 °C.
SAND FLY ASH SILICA FUME
Consistensy With Replacement of
Cement by Dross
Variation of Initial Setting Time With
Dross
Variation of Final Setting Time With
Dross
Typical Cast Specimens
Expansion of Cube Specimens
Variation of Compressive Strength for
Various Replacements
Variation of Split Tensile Strength
Replacements
Variation of Flexural Strength for Various
Replacements
Various of Compressive Strength for Different Repla
cements of Cement by ASD and SF
Various of Compressive Strength for Different Replacements of C
ement by ASD and Fly Ash
DURABILITY TEST
Rapid Chloride Penetration Test
(ASTM C1202)

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 01
Definition
Is a measure of the electrical conductance of the concrete
during the period of the test

𝑄 = 900 (𝐼0 + 2𝐼30 + 2𝐼60 + ⋯ + 𝐼330 + 𝐼360 )

where 𝑄 = charge passed in coulombs

02
Process
about 6 hour was recorded and the interval is every
30 minutes.
After 28 days, 100 mm x 200 mm cylinders were cut
into slices of 50 mm thick and then the specimen is
subjected to 60 V DC volt for 6 hour.
One reservoir is contain 3% NaCl another contains
0.3 M NaOH
 Table 11 shows that the chloride ion penetrability on control concrete is 2350 coulombs
and it is increasing with increase of % of ASD. The increase of chloride ion penetrability is
due to increase in air content with the % increase of ASD. The improvement of chloride ion
penetrability can be clearly observed with the increase of % addition of either silica fume
or fly ash.
 Water Sorptivity Test
(ASTM C1585)
Sorptivity
measures the rate of penetration of water into the
pores of concrete by capillary suction.

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Equation
𝑚𝑡
𝐼=
(𝑎 × 𝑑)

Where 𝐼 = the absorption, 𝑚𝑡 = the change in specimen mass at time t, 𝑎 = the exposed area of specimen,
𝑑= the density of water.
From Table 12, it can be noted that the concrete incorporated
with large amount of ASD absorbs more water and
when it is mixed with other cementitious materials such as
silica fume and fly ash, water absorption is reduced.
Water Absorption Test (ASTM C642)

To measure the percentage of water absorption of

the concrete.
From table 12, it can be
noted that the % of water
absorption for control
concrete is 7.2 and it
increases with increase of
ASD%. The value of
water absorption for 15%
replacement of cement by
ASD is 11.2% which is
about 50% more than the
control concrete. Due to
the addition of other
cementitious materials
such as silica fume and
fly ash, the significant
improvement is observed
for the case of 15%
addition of silica fume
and 30% addition of fly
ash along with various
replacement levels of
ASD.
Summary &
Concluding Remarks
Summary & Concluding Remarks
Accelerates the hardening
increasing aluminium dross content acceler
ates the hardening which could be due to
higher surface area.

Considerable reduction in workability

With the incorporation of aluminium dross
as a retarding admixture in concrete, there
was a considerable reduction in the work-
ability for the same water to binder ratio

Decrease in strength
The compressive strength, split tensile
strength, and flexural strength decrease wih

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increasing aluminium dross content

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Increase in RCPT, Sorptivity, & Permeability
increase with the percentage levels of ASD a
nd are significant for larger replacements.
Summary & Concluding Remarks
The Initial Condition
Retards the initial setting and accelerate the final setting

Mechanical & Durability

Improve mechanical & durability properties when
alumunium slag is used along with the silica fume and fly
ash

Application
Can be used in the manufacturing in building subfloor,
blocks, & premoulded panels.

The Expansion
The expansion of the concrete can be reduced by using oter
admixtures like silica fume and fly ash.

Cube broken
At 30% replacement level, concrete cubes were broken
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