GROUP - 5

SUBJECT – PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT

TOPIC
•MASLOW ’ S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
•HERZBERG ’ S TWO FACTOR THEORY OF
MOTIVATION
 GROUP - 5

NAME ROLL . NO
 INTRODUCTION

•“ Each of us have a hierarchy of needs that ranges from "lower"

to "higher." As lower needs are fulfilled there is a tendency for
other, higher needs to emerge.”

•Psychologist Abraham Maslow first introduced his concept of a

hierarchy of needs in 1943 ,in his paper “A Theory of Human
Motivation” and his subsequent book, Motivation and Personality.
Self - Actualization

Esteem

Social

Safety

Physiological
 Basic Human Needs

•Food
•Air
•Water
•Clothing
•Sex

Physiological Needs
 Safety and Security
•Protection

•Stability

•Pain
Avoidance
•Routine / Order

Safety Needs
 Love and Belonging

•Affection

•Acceptance

•Inclusion

Social Needs
 Esteem

•Self - Respect

•Self - Esteem

•Respected by
Others
Esteem Needs
 Self -
•Achieve full
Actualization potential
•Fulfillment
 Implications for Management

If Maslow's theory holds, there are some important implications for

management. There are opportunities to motivate employees through
management style, job design, company events, and compensation packages

•Physiological needs : Provide lunch breaks, rest breaks, and wages

that are sufficient to purchase the essentials of life.

•Safety Needs : Provide a safe working environment, retirement benefits,

and job security.

•Social Needs : Create a sense of community via team-based projects and

social events

•Esteem Needs : Recognize achievements to make employees feel appreciated

and valued. Offer job titles that convey the importance of the position.

•Self - Actualization : Provide employees a challenge and the opportunity

to reach their full career potential.
 Implementing in the Classroom

Self- Provide challenges

Actualization Encourage autonomy

Esteem Feedback
Acknowledge success

Social Introductions
Interact with students
Inclusive activities

Safety Maintain a safe and non-threatening atmosphere

Create a comfortable environment

Physiological Room temperature

Pacing/Breaks
Limitations of Maslow's Hierarchy
FREDERICK HERZBERG ’ S
TWO FACTOR THEORY OF
MOTIVATION
 INTRODUCTION
•To understand employee attitudes and motivation, Frederick
Herzberg performed studies to determine which factors in an
employee's work environment caused satisfaction or
dissatisfaction. He published his findings in 1959 in the book
“The Motivation to Work”.

•According to the two factor theory of Frederick Herzberg people

are influenced by two factors, satisfaction and psychological was
a result of motivation factors. dissatisfaction was result of
hygiene factors. Herzberg developed this motivation theory during
his investigation 0f 200 accountants and engineers in USA.
 HYGIENE FACTORS

•Hygiene factors are needed to ensure an employee does not becomes

dissatisfied. They do not lead to higher level of motivation, but without
them there is dissatisfaction.

TYPICAL HYGIENE FACTORS ARE :

ØWorking conditions
Ø
ØQuality of supervision
Ø
ØSalary
Ø
ØSecurity
Ø
ØCompany police and administration
 MOTIVATION FACTORS
Motivation factors are needed in order to motivate an employees to perform
better.

TYPICAL MOTIVATION FACTORS ARE :

ØRECOGNITION FOR ACHIVEMENT

Ø
ØRESPONSIBILITY FOR TASK
Ø
ØGROWTH
Ø
ØADVANCEMENT TO HIGHER LEVEL TASK
 TWO FACTOR THEORY - HERZBERG

Motivation
Employees
dissatisfied not dissatisfied
and unmotivated . Employees satisfied
but unmotivated . and

factors
Hygiene
factors