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Waktu
PEMICU BIAYA (COST DRIVER)
Unit diproduksi
Biaya Bahan Langsung
Upah Langsung
Jam Mesin
Jam Kerja Langsung
Penghitungan Biaya berdasar Fungsi: Tarip Tunggal
Biaya Overhead
Tarip Overhead
Applied
= x
overhead
Aktivitas
aktual
Belring, Inc.
Applied Tarip Overhead x Activitas Aktual
=
overhead
= $360,000
Cost Per Unit
Belring, Inc.
Cordless Regular
Biaya Prima $ 78,000 $ 738,000
Biaya Overhead:
$3.60 x 10,000 36,000 ---
$3.60 x 90,000 --- 324,000
Total biaya manufakturing $114,000 $1,062,000
Unit diproduksi 10,000 100,000
Cost per Unit $ 11.40 $ 10.62
Pembebanan BOP dengan Tarif Departemental
Biaya Overhead
Alokasi
Penelusuran Langsung
Pembebanan Biaya Penelusuran dng
Penggerak
Langkah I:
Department A Pool Pembentukan Pool Department B Pool
Belring, Inc.
Fabrikasi Asembling
Budgeted overhead $252,000 $108,000
Expected and actual usage (dlh):
Cordless 7,000 3,000
Regular 13,000 77,000
20,000 80,000
Expected and actual usage (mh.):
Cordless 4,000 1,000
Regular 36,000 9,000
40,000 10,000
Belring, Inc. – Tarip Departmental
Tarip Overhead:
Tarip Fabrikasi = Budget OH / Ekspektasi MH
= $252,000/40,000
= $6.30 per MH
Cordless Regular
Biaya Prima $ 78,000 $ 738,000
Biaya Overhead:
($6.30 x 4,000) + ($1.35 x 3,000) 29,250 ---
($6.30 x 36,000) + (1.35 x 77,000) --- 330,750
Total biaya manufakturing $107,250 $1,068,750
Unit diproduksi 10,000 100,000
Cost per Unit $ 10.73 $ 10.69
Keterbatasan Sistem Traditional
Costing
Tarip tunggal
sederhana tetapi
mengabaikan
alokasi biaya
departmental.
Keterbatasan Sistem Traditional
Costing
Tarip departmental
menyediakan data biaya yang
lebih rinci, khususnya bila
department menyajikan
aktivitas yang berbeda-beda.
LINGKUNGAN MANUFAKTURING
MAJU
• Persaingan Global
• Teknologi Maju
• Otomatisasi dan
Komputerisasi
• Overhead Tinggi- Upah
Langsung rendah
• Diversitas Produk
• Kompleksitas dalam
proses produksi
Diversitas produk artinya produk
mengkonsumsi aktivitas overhead
dalam proporsi yang berbeda.
Indicators of Need for
ABC
Direct labor is a Product-line profit
small percentage margins are hard
of total costs. to explain.
Sumber Daya
Driver Driver
Pembebanan biaya
Tracing Tracing
Aktivitas
Driver
Pembebanan Biaya
Tracing
Produk
Belring, Inc.
Product-Costing Data
Cordless Regular Total
Units produced per year 10,000 100,000 110,000
Prime costs $78,000 $738,000 $816,000
Direct labor hours 10,000 90,000 100,000
Machine hours 5,000 45,000 50,000
Production runs 20 10 30
Number of moves 60 30 90
Activity Usage
Measures
Belring, Inc.
Product-Costing Data
Aktivitas Biaya aktivitas
Setup $120,000
Material handling 60,000
Machining 100,000
Testing 80,000
Total $360,000
Overhead Activities
AKTIVITAS DAN PEMICUNYA
AKTIVITAS PEMICU AKTIVITAS
• SETUP • PRODUCTION RUN
• MATERIAL • NUMBER OF
HANDLING MOVEMENT
• MACHINING • MACHINE HOURS
• TESTING • DIRECT LABOR
HOURS
Belring, Inc.
Product Diversity: Consumption Ratios
Overhead Cordless Regular Activity
Activity Phone Phone Driver
a a
Setups 0.67 0.33 Production runs
Material
b b
handling 0.67 0.33 Number of moves
c c
Machining 0.10 0.90 Machine hours
d d
Testing 0.10 0.90 Direct labor hours
a 20/30 (cordless) and 10/30 (regular)
Belring, Inc.
Product Diversity: Consumption Ratios
Overhead Cordless Regular Activity
Activity Phone Phone Driver
a a
Setups 0.67 0.33 Production runs
Material
b b
handling 0.67 0.33 Number of moves
c c
Machining 0.10 0.90 Machine hours
d d
Testing 0.10 0.90 Direct labor hours
b 60/90 (cordless) and 30/90 (regular)
Belring, Inc.
Product Diversity: Consumption Ratios
Overhead Cordless Regular Activity
Activity Phone Phone Driver
a a
Setups 0.67 0.33 Production runs
Material
b b
handling 0.67 0.33 Number of moves
c c
Machining 0.10 0.90 Machine hours
d d
Testing 0.10 0.90 Direct labor hours
c 5,000/50,000 (cordless) and 45,000/50,000 (regular)
Belring, Inc.
Product Diversity: Consumption Ratios
Overhead Cordless Regular Activity
Activity Phone Phone Driver
a a
Setups 0.67 0.33 Production runs
Material
b b
handling 0.67 0.33 Number of moves
c c
Machining 0.10 0.90 Machine hours
d d
Testing 0.10 0.90 Direct labor hours
d 10,000/100,000 (cordless) and 90,000/100,000 (regular)
Belring, Inc.
Activity Rates
Cordless Regular
Prime Costs $ 78,000 $738,000
Overhead Costs:
Batch-Level pool:
($6,000 x 20) 120,000
($6,000 x 10) 60,000
Unit Level pool:
($3.60 x 5,000) 18,000
($3.60 x 45,000) _______ 162,000
Total manufacturing costs $216,000 $960,000
Unit of production 10,000 100,000
Unit cost $ 21.60 $ 9.60
Belring, Inc.
Comparison of Unit Costs
Cordless Regular
Plantwide rate $11.40 $10.62
Departmental rate 10.73 10.69
Activity rate 21.60 9.60
Pool rate 21.60 9.60
Alhamdulillah
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