Management Research

Introduction
1. The existence of an undesirable condition which
clearly manifests the need for an immediate
solution.
2. The researcher’s objective in pursuing the study,
that which motivated him to make an inquiry on
the problem.
3. Points of views which rationalize the inclusion of
the theory that may be adopted for the research
theoretical framework that immediately follows.
4. Any other significant concept that relates to
the subject of inquiry which may add to the
rationale of the study.
 Theoretical Framework
• The theoretical framework calls for a theory upon
which the central theme of the research problem
is anchored. The theory presents “abstract
concepts, facts or laws, variable and their
relations that explain and predict how an
observed phenomenon exists and operates.
• It bridges the present study with existing theories
in the process of analyzing, interpreting, and
harmonizing findings arising from similar or
related constructs.
 Conceptual Framework
• The conceptual framework presents definite or
specific concepts which are called constructs. Its
function is identical with that of the theoretical
framework, but instead of using theories, the
researcher may use concepts which are assumed
to be true but remain to be proven.
• In some instances where theories which should
be made as the scientific basis of the study are
not available, the researcher may use only the
conceptual framework.
• When the research study is highly descriptive,
the researcher may be allowed to use either
theoretical or conceptual framework. Under
the same condition and instance, it is not
necessary to have both theoretical and
conceptual framework.
• Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to assess the effect …………..
Specifically, it sought to answer the following
questions:
1. What is the demographic profile of the
respondents with regards to:
1.1 Age
1.2 Sex
1.3 Others _____
2. What is the perception of …………
3. Is there a significant difference ……….
4. What is the implication of the findings ……….
 Paradigm of the Study
• A paradigm is a diagrammatic representation of a
conceptual framework. It vividly pictures what is
the study is all about. It is a structural pattern or
model which illustrates the INPUT, PROCESS, AND
OUTPUT of the research work.
• A paradigm may take different diagrammatic
forms either circular, rectangular, or of any other
form as long and the IPO is clearly presented to
show the relationship between the variables and
problems.
• Significance of the Study
 Scope and Delimitations of the Study
• This presents the coverage or boundaries of
the research study in terms of the areas,
issues, the respondents, the period of the
study, and the limitations and constraints of
the study, if any.
 Definition of Terms
• Only the key terms should be defined. The
terms to be defined should be alphabetically
arranged. It may be a conceptual definition or
operational definition.
• Conceptual definitions are taken from
dictionaries, encyclopedias, thesaurus or from
glossaries of books, hence the sources should
be indicated after the definition.
• Operational definitions are based on
contextual meanings derived from the way
they are used in the study. The definitions are
derived from the observed characteristics or
usage of the terms, thus there would be no
need to cite sources of the definitions for the
researcher, himself draws up the meaning.
 Survey of Research Literature and
Studies
• Foreign literature
• Foreign studies
• Local literature
• Local studies
• The relationship of the Reviewed Literature
and Studies with the Present Study
 Presentation, Analysis, and
Interpretation of Data
• This is divided into sub-sections corresponding
to the sub-problems.
Summary of Findings, Conclusions and
Recommendations
• Summary of Findings
• Conclusions
• Recommendations
• Action Plans