INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT ON

‘NTPC DADRI’
GAS POWER PLANT

National Thermal Power Corporation Limited

National Capital Power Station- Dadri
P.O. Vidyut Nagar, District Gautam Budh
Nagar-201 008 (UP)

“NTPC was setup in the central sector in the year 1975.Only PSU to achieve excellent
rating in respect of MOU targets signed with government of India each year.NTPC
Dadri Station has also bagged ISO 14001 certification.

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING REPORT BY VEDICA AWASTHI

ROLL NO. 1509122034
 CONTENTS
S.NO DESCRIPTION PAGE NO.
(1) OVERVIEW OF NTPC 3
(2) INTRODUCTION TO GAS POWER PLANT 4
(3) COMBINED CYCLE 5
(4) BRAYTON CYCLE 6
(5) RANKINE CYCLE 7
(6) POWER GENERATION 8
(7) STEAM TURBINE 10
(8) TRANSMISSION OF GENERATED POWER ONTO THE GRID 11
(9) SIGNIFICANCE OF IN IN THERMAL POWER PLANTS 12
(10) CONTROL AND MONITORING MECHANISMS 13
(11) PRESSURE MONITORING 14
(12) BOURDON TUBE 15
 (i) Overview Of NTPC

• NTPC was set up in the central sector in the 1975 in response

to widening demand and supply gap with the main objective
of planning , promoting and organizing an integrated
development to thermal power in India .Ever since its
inception, NTPC has never looked back and the corporation is
treading steps of success one after the other.
 1.Introduction To Gas Power Plants
Introduction

 The power plant consists of gas turbine generating units waste heat
recovery boilers, steam turbo generator, ancillary electrical and
mechanical equipments.
 The power generated at this power station is fed over 220 KV AC
transmission system associated with this project to distribute the power in
various regions.
 Gas turbines range in size from less than 100 KW up to about 140000 KW.
 The function of a gas turbine in a combined cycle power plant is to drive a
generator which produce electricity and to provide input heat for the
steam cycle.
 Combined Cycle

• Combined Cycle power plant integrates two power conversion

Cycles namely -

1) Brayton Cycle ( Gas Turbines) and

2) Rankin Cycle (Conventional Steam Power Plant) with the

principal objective of increasing overall plant efficiency.
 Brayton Cycle

 Gas Turbine plant operate on Brayton Cycle in which

air is compressed, this compressed air is heated in
the combustor by burning fuel combustion.

The produced air is allowed to expand in the turbine

and the turbine is coupled with the generator.

In modern gas turbines the temperature of the

exhaust gas is in the range of 500 to 550 degree
Celsius.
 Rankine Cycle

 The conversion of heat energy to mechanical energy with the

aid of steam is carried out through this cycle
 The initial state of the working fluid is water which at a
certain temperature is compressed by a pump and fed to the
boiler.
 In the boiler the compressed water is heated at constant
pressure .
 Modern steam power plants have steam temperature in the
range of 500 to 550 degree Celsius at the inlet of the turbine.
 Power Generation
• Air Inlet

• The amount of air needed for combustion is 800,000 cubic feet per
minute. This air is drawn through the large air inlet section where it is
cleaned, cooled and controlled, in order to reduce noise.

• Turbine Generators :
• The air then enters the gas turbine where it is compressed, mixed with
natural gas and ignited, which causes it to expand.
• The pressure created from the expansion spins the turbine blades, which
are attached to a shaft and a generator creating electricity.
• Each gas turbine produces 185 megawatts (MW) of electricity.
• The blades are attached to a rotor, which spins the generator and makes
electricity.
 Steam Turbine
• The Steam Turbine is a Siemens Westinghouse KN turbine generator ,
capable of producing up to 240 MW.
• It is located on top of the condenser, across from the cooling tower.
• Steam enters the turbine with temperatures as high as 1000 degrees
Fahrenheit and pressure as strong as 2200 pounds per square inch.
• The pressure of the steam is used to spin turbine blades that are attached
to a rotor and a generator, producing additional electricity, about 100
megawatts per unit.
• After the steam is spent in the turbine process, the residual stream leaves
the turbine at low pressure and low heat about 100 degrees.
• This exhaust steam passes into a condenser, to be turned back into water.
• By using this “combined-cycle” process, two gas turbines and one steam
turbine, we can produce a total of about 600 megawatts of electricity.
Transmission of generated power onto the
Grid
• Transformers

• The gas turbine and steam turbine generators produce power at 13,000
volts.
• The transformers take the generated 13,000 volts and “transform” them
to 230,000 volts, which is the required voltage needed for transmission to
the nearby tower that sends power to the substation.
• A small amount of generation is directed to “Auxiliary transformers” which
transform the generated voltage to a lower voltage , so it may be used by
the plant to power our own pumps, fans and motors.
 Significance of Instrumentation and
control in thermal power plant
• AUTOMATIC TURBINE RUN-UP SYSTEM

• A successful start-up of the turbine normally requires

acquisition, analysis and collection of a wide variety of
information pertaining to various parameters like pressure,
temperature, vacuum, speed etc.
• Difficult task of operator to handle and collect so many bits of
information swiftly and correctly along with status of auxiliary
equipments.
• BHEL’s PROTOCOL P , a microprocessor based intelligent
remote multiplexing system, meets this requirement
completely.
 Control and monitoring mechanisms

• There are basically two types of problems faced in a power

plant –
1) Metallurgical
2) Mechanical
• Mechanical problems can be related to turbines that is max
speed permissible for a turbine is 3000 rpm, so speed should
be monitored and maintained at that level.
• Monitoring of all the parameters is necessary for the safety of
both:
1) Employees
2) Machines
 Pressure Monitoring
• Pressure can be monitored by three types of basic
mechanisms
1) Switches
2) Gauges
3) Transmitter type
• For gauges we use Bourdon Tube : The Bourdon Tube is a non
liquid pressure measurement device .
• It is widely used in applications where inexpensive static
pressure measurement are needed.
 Bourdon Tube

• A typical Bourdon tube contains a curved tube that is open to external

pressure input on one end and is coupled mechanically to an indicating needle
on the other end, schematically above.
THANK YOU