Electric Ducted Fan (EDF)

Powered Cruise Missile

Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering,
Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Cruise Missiles
• Flies at relatively low altitude
• Relatively constant speed
• High Precision
• Able to be mass-produced
• Advances in recent years give a cruise missile
ability to fly non-ballistically and be a surveillance
drone
PASOPATI Prototype
• Able to fly for 40 km at the speed of 130 km/h
• Electric Ducted Fan (EDF) Mercury Aluminum
Alloy 104mm 11 Blade EDF Unit CCW (6S 1900KV)
• Thrust of 3500g at 115 Ampere
Design Requirements
• Loiter speed : 100 km/h
• Maximum speed : 150 km/h
• Endurance : 40 km
• Payload weight : 1 kg
• Altitude : 200 m
• Material : Composite
Prototype Manufacturing
• Polyfoam coated with fibreglass
• CNC wire-cutting machine
Flight Test
• Data collected using GPS, gyroscope and
accelerometer
• Processed using Mission Planner
• Power usage checked using battery checker
before and after flight
• Launch system using a catapult
Flight Test
Empty Weight 1 kg
Gross Take Off Weight 4,5 kg
Flight Altitude 280 m
Flight Endurance 13.33 minutes
Flight Speed 36 m/s or 130 km/h
Wing Airfoil MH – 23
Wing Area 150.000 mm2
Wing Span 870 mm
Root Chord 240 mm
Tip Chord 180 mm
Aspect Ratio 5,046
Taper Ratio 0,75
CFD Simulation
• 3D Model are made using SolidWorks and
Autodesk Inventor
• CFD simulations are done using ANSYS
Workbench
• Data collected are concerning aerodynamics
• Using flight data as benchmark, specifically the
speed and angle of attack
Meshing
• Unstructured meshing
• Polyhedral geometry for higher accuracy and
stability
• Body sizing for better accuracy
• Inflation value corresponding to the y+ value
Meshing
Aerodynamics Data

Angle of Attack Lift (N) Drag (N) Lift-to-Drag Ratio

1 10.6478 5.19335 2.05027

2 16.187 5.01291 3.22906

3 21.9855 4.71549 4.66239

4 28.0088 4.3119 6.49569

5 33.8421 3.86272 8.7612

6 39.6629 3.36761 11.77776

Pressure Contour
Streamline Contour
Pressure Distribution - EDF
• Non-uniform pressure because of the design of
the air intake
• Not optimum power output
Next Iterations
• Lighter material
• Turbojet engine
• Better lift-to-drag ratio and stability from wing,
fuselage, and tail redesign
• Better output from air intake redesign
• Faster and higher endurance
Thank You!