COMPARISION OF RCC AND

COMPOSITE STRUCTRURE
By :
J TEJAN(2AB15CV014)
ROOPAK NAIK(2AB15CV034)
SUDEEP ACHARYA(2AB15CV036)
BHARATI NAIK(2AB15CV007)

Under the guidance of :

Prof . MOHAMMED AYYAD
 CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Types of building
3. Objective
4. Literature review
5. Methodology
 Abstract
In India concrete is very popular material of construction especially in case of
medium and low rise buildings. In case of high rise buildings steel is generally
used. As India is a fast developing country the demand of construction is huge,
hence finding out the best suitable material for construction is very important. The
material used in construction should be the most economical, safe and easy to
handle. Steel members have the advantages of high tensile strength and ductility
while concrete members have the advantages of high compressive strength and
stiffness.
This project deals with the comparison between the RCC and steel structures in
accordance to their structural behavior, Cost and other factors which help in
deciding the best suitable materials for construction. In this project a G+1
institutional building is considered for analysis using ETABS 2016 software.
 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL

 An important and economic combination of construction materials is that of steel and

concrete, with applications in medium to high-rise buildings as well as bridges.

 In Indian, reinforced concrete members are mostly used in the framing system for most
of the buildings since this is the most convenient & economic system for low-rise
buildings.

 However, for medium to high-rise buildings this type of structure is no longer economic
because of increased dead load, less stiffness, span restriction and hazardous formwork.
Steel-concrete composite frame system can provide an effective and economic solution to
most of these problems in medium to high-rise buildings.
 1.2 HISTORY

A variety of modernized construction material options have recently become available due
to ongoing research and support in innovative technologies. An ideal and modern
construction material will aim to maintain structural strength while reducing its impact on
the environment.

 A French gardener by name Joseph Monier first invented the reinforced concrete in the
year 1849. Reinforced concrete is one of the most widely used modern building materials.

 In Addition to concrete a steel structural has started in end of 18th century in British , steel
structure are widely used in high-rise, residential building.
1.3 SCOPE OF PROJECT

Generally the steel structure are less used in India compared to

other countries in the world. This is the main reason for the

increasing the cost and time consuming for the construction of

the building. Therefore by proper provision of construction

materials in the buildings can increase the strength ,stiffness and

also helps for faster developments of the countries.

 2. TYPES OF BUILDING
 Institutional building

A institutional building is a building that is used for institutional purpose. Types can include school
building, hospital, collage building.

 Commercial building

A commercial building is a building that is used for commercial purpose. Types can include office
building, warehouses, or retail (i.e. convenience stores, “big box” stores, shopping mall, etc.)

 Industrial building

Industrial architecture is the design and construction of building serving industry. Such building rose in
importance with the industrial revolution, and were some of the pioneering structures of modern
architecture.

 Residential building

These building include any building in which sleeping accommodation provide for normal residential
purpose with or without cooking an dining facilities.
 3. OBJECTIVES
 To prepare the plan for both composite as well as RCC structure with giving
proper dimensions as per Indian Standard.
 To investigate the cost effectiveness of steel-concrete composite frames over
traditional reinforced concrete frames for building structures.
 To compare the strength of the composite structure over RCC structure.
 Compare the durability of the composite structure with RCC structure.
 To Determine the which type of the structure will more withstand against the
environmental factors.
 Time required for the construction of composite structure and RCC
structure.
 The results obtained from each of the model are compared with each other to
determine the best construction material.
 4. LITERATURE REVIEW

A Sattainathan Sharma, et al [1]:

The author has carried the project which deals with the study of composite structure as
compare with the concrete and steel structure. The provisions of IS:1893(Part1)-2002
is considered. For modeling of composite, Steel and RCC structures, E-TABS analysis
software is used. The conclusion of the project obtained:-The direct cost required for
steel framed with composite floor is 23.10%, higher than precast frame with precast
concrete floor and only 0.52% higher than steel framed with precast concrete floor.
Considering time related savings, the net cost required for steel framed with composite
floor is 12.99%, more than precast frame with precast concrete floor and 2.32% less
than steel frame with precast floor.
2 ) VinaySanjeevkumar Damam et.al[2]
The project has carried on comparative study of G+15 storey office
building. The provisions of IS:1893(Part1)-2002 is considered by Equivalent
Static Method of Analysis. For modeling of Composite & R.C.C. structures,
STAAD. pro software is used. Analysis and design results of composite
column building and R.C.C. column building shows that:-
1. The deflection &storey drift in composite structure is nearly double than that
of R.C.C. Structure but the deflection is within the permissible limit.
2. Axial Force & Shear force in R.C.C. structure is on higher side than that of
composite structure.
3. Max. bending moment in beams of composite structure is slightly on higher
side in some storey’s than R.C.C. Structure.
3) Prof. Manjunath M,et. al [3]
The research is carried and an analytical study carried on the structural
behavior of RCC and. The 3D analysis has been carried out using structural
analysis software ETABS 2013 and the results such as maximum values of
displacements, axial forces, base shear and natural periods are found out by
analysis.
Conclusion obtained from this research
1. As the results show the composite option is better than R.C.C. Because
Composite option for high rise building is best suited. Weight of composite
structure is quite low as compared to RCC structure which helps in reducing
the foundation cost.
2. As the sizes of the column members from R.C.C option to the composite
option reduces about 43.75%.
4) Renavikar Aniket V.et al [5]
• The project involves Analysis of a residential building with steel-concrete
composite and R.C.C. construction. The proposed structure is a four
multistoried buildings of G+9, G+12, G+15, G+18.The analysis and involves
the load calculation, analyzing it by 2D modeling using software STAAD-
Pro 2007. Analysis has been done for various load combinations as per the
Indian Standard Code of Practice. The project also involves analysis of an
equivalent R.C.C. structure so that a cost comparison can be made between a
steel-concrete composite structure and an equivalent R.C.C.structure.
• 2) Though the cost comparison reveals that steel-concrete composite design
structure is more costly, reduction in direct cost of steel-composite structure
resulting from speedy erection will make steel-composite structure
economically viable.
5) Shweta A. Wagh et.al[4]
• In this paper study of Four various multistoried commercial buildings i.e.
G+12, G+16, G+20, G+24 are analyzed by using STAAD-Pro software.
Where design and cost estimation is carried out using MS-Excel
programming and from obtained result comparison can be made between
R.C.C and composite structure. As compared to RCC structures, composite
structures require less construction time due to the quick erection of the steel
frame and ease of formwork for concrete. Including the construction period
as a function of total cost in the cost estimation will certainly result in
increased economy for the composite structure.
• The cost comparison reveals that steel-concrete composite design structure is
more economical in case of high rise buildings and construction is speedy.
5. METHODOLOGY

DESCRIPTION:-
Primary procedure is to prepare the plan by studying the location
and surveying is carried out. And this plan is prepared as per requirements of
Dept. of Pre-University Education Karnataka. The design RCC structural
elements and Steel structure elements are carried by considering the
minimum dimension of column , beams& slab. The dimension of column can
be 230x300mm adopted and for beams 230x230 mm by trial and error
methods . Later the strength , failure criteria are checked by using ETABS. The
dimension of RCC structure elements are designed using MS EXCEL (spread
sheet) by considering the various loads such as live load and dead load. The
design is carried as per the code , i.e IS:456-2000. similarly same procedure is
carried for steel structure as per code provision.
1. Planning of structure
The site selected located in the bhatkal. The building proposed
has a G+1 no. Of floors. There are 23 no. Of rooms covering
floor area of 3097sqm. The plan of the collage is prepared by
using the AutoCAD. The plan covered the min. specification
of dept. of PU BOARD KARNATAKA .
Concrete structure : We adopted M30 for columns and M25 for
beams and Fe415 rebars for all the components like slab ,
column, beams footings.
Steel Structure : We adopted ISHB for columns and ISMB for
beams and thin plates for slabs ( composite).
GUIDELINES FOR CODE
• NBC 2016 GROUP B (Sub division B1& B2) Educational Buildings :
Details for fire protection ,Fire fighting .
• IS 456:2000 – Plain and reinforced concrete – code of practice
• Loading standards
• These loads are considered for structural design are specified in the
following loading standards :
• IS 875 (Part 1 -3) :1987 – code of practice for design loads ( other
than earthquake )for building and structure .
Part 1 : Dead loads
Part 2 : Imposed or live load .
• SP 16 : 1980: Design for concrete column members
• IS 800 :2007 Design of steel members.
 DETAILS OF BUILDING:
(i) Principal’s chamber with a minimum plinth area of 250 sq. ft.,
(ii) Office room with a minimum plinth area of 250 sq. ft.
(iii) Staff room with a minimum plinth area of 500 sq. ft.,
(iv) Waiting room with a minimum plinth area of 500 sq. ft for the girls
with attached toilets for simultaneous use by 10 persons with sufficient water
storage facilities,
(v) Toilets for boys with facility for simultaneous use by 10 persons,
(vi) Library with a minimum plinth area of 1000 sq. ft.,
(vii) Reading room with a minimum plinth area of 1000 sq. ft.,
(viii) At least 6 lecture halls, each measuring at least 22 ft. x 30 ft.,
(ix) Bicycle stand with a provision for parking minimum 100 bicycles at a time,
(x) If science subjects are taught, then three laboratories, one for Physics, one
for Chemistry and one for Biology and if Electronics or Computer science
subjects are taught separate laboratories for these subjects with a minimum plinth
area of 24 ft. x 60 ft. each.
CENTRE LINE DIAGRAM
2. CALCULATION OF LOAD FOR ANALYSIS:
IS 875-1984 gives the following idea about loads on supporting beam,i.e
• Design load is the load to be taken for the use in appropriate method of
design . It is characteristic loads with appropriate partial safety factors for
limit state design.
• Table 18 of IS 456:2000 gives the values of partial safety factor for loads .
• DEAD LOADS: Dead loads shall cover unit weight/mass of the materials
and parts or component in the building that apply to determination of the
dead loads in the design of the buildings and shall be considered as per
IS:875(Part 1)-1987 according to the density of possible components.
• LIVE LOADS: imposed loads shall be considered as per IS:875(Part 2)-
1987
3. SOFTWARE USED:
This project is mostly based on software and it is essential to know the
details about these software’s.
List of software’s used
1. ETABS 2016
2. AutoCAD.
3. EXCEL
AUTOCAD
AutoCAD is used for drawing different layouts, details, plans, elevations,
sections and different sections can be shown in Autocad. It is very useful
software for civil, mechanical and also electrical engineer. We used
AutoCAD for drawing the plan, elevation , centre line of a institutional
building.
MS EXCEL
excel is used for format and calculate data with formulas using spread
sheet system and graphical representation .
ETABS: Its full form is Extended Three-dimensional Analysis of Building
System. It is a kind of software generally used for structural analysis of
building or any structure. Generally this soft. Is used by civil engineers. A t
present most of the industry adopted this soft. For analysis across the
globe.
4. SELECTION OF COLUMN AND BEAM SIZES:
BEAMS :
Both slab and beams can be casted monolithically. The design is carried as
per IS 456:2000 standard code book practice and also by the use of excel
sheets. The design should satisfy for failure against shear and lateral
stability. Dimension of steel and concrete are selected by manual design
using spreadsheet or by trial and error method using ETABS. Analysis is
made by ETABS. Comparing the strength of manual and ETABS.
COLUMNS:
Dimension of the column design is carried as per IS 456:2000 standard
code book practice and also by the use of excel sheets. The design should
satisfy for failure against local buckling . Steel columns are selected as per
design using IS 800: 2007 .Analysis is made by ETABS. Comparing the
strength of manual and ETABS.
SLABS CONSTRUCTION:
The design is carried as per IS 456:2000 standard code book practice.
Thickness of the slab is calculated by considering the l/d ratio parameter is
given in the IS 456:2000 OR can be assumed . The loading on structure is
calculated for dead weight of the structure and live load which is acting on
the structure and also includes the load of floor finish and plastering .
Design is checked for deflection .
FOOTING CONSTRUCTION:
The design is carried by considering the overall load on footing. Area of
footing is adopted by knowing the SBC of the soil. The design is carried as
per IS 456:2000 standard code book practice. Isolated footing is adopted
for RCC structure. Gusseted or slab base footing is adopted for steel
structure.
COMPOSITE SLAB:
It comprise reinforced concrete cast on top if profile steel decking , which
acts as formwork during construction and external reinforcement at final stage.
COLUMN TO BEAM CONNECTION
STEEL STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
5. ANALYSIS USING ETABS
REFERENCE:

1. Comparative study of cost and time evaluation in RCC, steel &

Composite high rise building : A.Sattainathan Sharma (2015)
2. Design of steel concrete composite structure as comparative with
reinforced concrete structure by adapting stad.pro: Mr. Vinay Sanjeev
kumar Damam(2016)
3. Comparative study on structural parameter of R.C.C and composite
building :prof. manjunath m(2014)
4. Comparative study on analysis and cost of R.C.C. and steel-composite
structure: Renavikar A(2015)
5. Comparative analysis of RCC and steel structure :Jyothi D N (2018)