Lab #2 Report due TODAY

 Individual Data Processing and Individual

Write Up
 Lab #2 Report is due TODAY by midnight
 Answer Multiple Choice Questions ONLINE
TODAY by midnight
 Answer Student Survey ONLINE TODAY by
midnight
 Submit the Lab Report #2 in the drawer
labeled “MECE204-Strength Lab” under M. E.
Mail Folders
Torsion Testing
 Circular Cross-section Only
 Determine Material Properties in Torsion
 Draw Shear Stress-Strain Curve
 Ductile or Brittle Failure ?
 ASTM E-143 Test Method
 Compare results from Tensile, Poisson’s & Torsion
Test

 Become familiar with Tinius Olsen Torsion Tester

(10,000 in-lb capacity)
Sign Convention
Assumptions
 Perfectly linear-elastic behavior
 Circular x-section (solid or hollow)
 Small rotations
 Constant length
 Constant diameter
No deformation
 A highly deformable
member
 A circular x-section
 A grid of parallel
circles and
longitudinal lines on
the outer surface
 After Deformation
 Two torques are
applied
 Circles remain
circles
 Longitudinal lines
become twisted
 All angles are
equal
 End x-section
remains flat
 Angle of Twist
 A prismatic circular
member
 Fixed at x = 0
 Other end is FREE
 Loaded by a torque
at the free end
 Angle (x) - angle of
twist
 It depends on x:
/x=constant
Shear Strain

Before After
 Shear Strain Distribution

 max = c
•  max - occurs on the
outer surface
•  = (/c)  max
• Result valid also for
circular tubes within
the material
• Valid for plastic
deformation also
9
Shear Strain Distribution
Shear Strain & Angle of Twist

=*/L

max =  * D / 2 / L
 Shear Stress Distribution
- Elastic Deformation only

 X-section: linear
distribution
 Complimentary
stresses in action
 Shear stress occur
on axial planes (normal
to the x-section
12
 Shear Stress & Torque
- Linear Elastic Deformation Only

=T*/J

max = T * D / 2 / J
Shear Stress-Strain Curve

Modulus
of
Rupture

max, psi

Slope = D/D = Shear Modulus, G

max, rad

Figure 3.2 Typical shear stress-strain

diagram from a Torsion Test
Linear Elastic Region
– Shear Modulus
Failure Surface – Tensile Testing
Failure Surface – Torsion Test
Brittle Failure – Torsion Test
 Stresses on an Inclined Plane in
an Axially Loaded Member
 Seek for equilibrium after cutting  F 0:
n N  P cos( )
along the oblique plane  F 0:
t V  P sin(  )

Area of the inclined plane is :

A
An 
 cos( )

n Normalize N and V with An to obtain

the normal and shear stresses, respective ly,
t on the inclined plane (and note that  x  P / A) :
N
V  n   x cos 2   ( x / 2)(1  cos 2 )
 nt   x cos  sin    ( x / 2) sin 2
P x
Maximum Stress – Uniaxial Tension
Comparing Tensile vs. Torsion
Results
Measuring Angle of Twist
T=(R-R0)-(L-L0)
Torsion Data Sheet
Computing the Slip Angle
 Manually Recorded Data
slip= H-(LH/LT)T

T=(R-R0)-(L-L0) cor = H - slip

R0

L0
Shear Strain and Stress
=Radians(cor)*D/2/LH

=16T//D3
Integrating Computer Data

slip= constant cor=H - slip

Selecting Computer Data

Head Angle = 30.00 deg

When Protractors taken OFF

Max Torque = 1931 in-lb

Entire Stress Strain Curve
Elastic Curve
Proportional Limit

=G*
 Proportional Limit

Plot
columns
H, I, & J
Key Ideas - Torsion
 Shear strain formula is valid in both
elastic & plastic region
 Torque formula is valid in linear elastic
region ONLY
 Thus, shear stress formula is valid until
proportional limit
 After proportional limit, shear stress
formula overestimates stress.
Torsion Results
Comparing Tensile vs. Torsion
Results
Comparing Lab 1, 2, & 3
Experimental Results
Lab #2 Report due TODAY
 Individual Data Processing and Individual
Write Up
 Lab #2 Report is due TODAY by midnight
 Answer Multiple Choice Questions ONLINE
TODAY by midnight
 Answer Student Survey ONLINE TODAY by
midnight
 Submit the Lab Report #2 in the drawer
labeled “MECE204-Strength Lab” under M. E.
Mail Folders