Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A Systematic Approach
to Diagnosis
dr. Nadiya Elfira Bilqis, S.Ked
• Gejala
Dyspnea/ • Keluhan subjektif berupa rasa tidak nyaman saat
bernapas yang bervariasi secara kualitas maupun
shortness intensitas
of breath • Terjadi akibat interaksi antara beberapa faktor fisiologis,
psikologis, sosial, dan lingkungan
(The American Thoracic Society)
DEFINISI
Berdasarkan
Berdasarkan Berdasarkan
penyakit yang
waktu situasi
mendasar
Sistem
Akut vs kronik Saat istirahat
respirasi
Intermiten vs Sistem
Saat aktivitas
persisten kardiovaskular
Saat
perubahan Penyebab lain
posisi
MACAM-MACAM DYSPNEA
MEKANISME DYSPNEA
SISTEM SKORING DYSPNEA
EVALUASI PASIEN DYSPNEA
AIRWAY
NORMAL
CARDIOPULMONARY PERICARDIUM
SYSTEM
Dyspnea caused by respiratory diseases
Airway Ashtma bronchiale
COPD
Rehabilitasi
Rujuk
Pasien
TATALAKSANA DYSPNEA
KASUS
DYSPNEA
dt Cardiovascular Problem
(mitral regurgitation)
References
Fauci et al. Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine 18th edition. US: McGraw-Hill.
Berliner D, Schneider N, Welte T, Bauersachs J: The differential diagnosis of dyspnoea. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2016;
113: 834–45.
Manning HL dan Schwartzstein RM. Pathophysiology of Dyspnea. The New England Journal of Medicine 1995
Vol.333 No.23 p1547-52.