ASME B31.8 - Diseño de Ductos

NATURAL GAS IN COLOMBIA
Nombre UAA
JOHAN ARMANDO SARMIENTO SANCHEZ
JHON JAIDER AMADO LEON
Gas natural generalities.
DEFINITION
Natural gas is a fossil fuel formed when buried

plants, gases, and animals are exposed to high
temperature and pressure over thousands of
years. However, a large part of the world's
natural gas to date is currently unavailable for
production because of ot the limitations in
separation technology.
History of gas Natural
6000-2000 900-500 A.C 1816 D.C 1816 D.C

A.C
The ancient • The Chinese • Natural gas • Law 10 of

piped the gas was first used in 1961:
peoples of from shallow America in prohibits de
Greece, wells and 1816 to burning of
burned it illuminate the gas.
Persia, and under large streets of
India pans to Baltimore with
discovered evaporate gas lamps.
seawater for
natural gas the salt
How Natural Gas was formed?
Natural gas was formed from the
remains of tiny sea animals and plants
that died 300 to 400 million years ago.
When these tiny sea animals and
plants died, they sank to the bottom
of the oceans where they were buried
by layers of sediment that turned into
rock. Over the years, the layers of
sedimentary rock became thousands
of feet thick, subjecting the energy-
rich plant and animal remains to
enormous pressure.
Source: http://www.switchenergyproject.com
TYPICAL COMPOSITION OF NATURAL GAS
Source: Gas natural Fenosa.
Source: Membranes for gas separations available online: https://books.google.com.co/books?id=IRM0DwAAQBAJ

GENERALIZED NATURAL GAS PROCESSING SCHEMATIC
Not all these units

are required for a
specific gas
reservoir.
CLASSIFICATION OF NATURAL GAS
*By ORIGIN:
-Associated gas: is a form of natural gas
which is found with deposits of petroleum,
either dissolved in the oil or as a free "gas
cap" above the oil in the reservoir.
-Non-associated gas: Nonassociated

gas, coming from reservoirs that are not
connected with any known source of liquid
petroleum, is “dry gas
Source: https://es.slideshare.net
CLASSIFICATION OF NATURAL GAS
-Acid gas: >4 ppm de H2S.
-Sweet gas : < 4 ppm de H2S.
-Rich gas: contains components heavier than ethane.
-Lean gas: ethane content above 85%
Rich gas and lean gas are the two types of natural gas. Source: https://es.slideshare.net
The difference between them is their calorific value, i.e.
a different quantity of energy. In other words, 1 m³ of
lean gas provides less energy than 1 m³ of rich gas.
Gas fields in Colombia.
Cupiagua
-Location.
It’s located in Aguazul, Casanare.
It began producing hydrocarbons in

1992.
Source: http://www.anh.gov.co/
Cupiagua
General information.
-Production per day: 595,02 MM Scf.

-Gas reserves: 1500 Gscf.
-Operating company: Ecopetrol-Equion
-Basin: Llanos orientales.
-Formation Type: Quartz sandstone.
-Production formations: Barco, Mirador
and Guadalupe.
-Type of reservoir: Gas condensate.
Source: www.ecopetrol.com
CUPIAGUA
-Average depth: 15000’-18000’.

-Reservoir Pressure: 3500 Psia.
-Thickness:
-Mirador: 540’
-Barco: 470’.
-Guadalupe: 750’
-Porosity: 6%
-Permeability: 10 mD.
-FR: 42%
-Reservoir drive mechanism: Solution
gas drive.
Stratigraphic columns.
A stratigraphic column is a
representation to describe
the vertical location of rock
units in a particular area. A
typical stratigraphic column
shows a sequence of
sedimentary rocks, with the
oldest rocks on the bottom
and the youngest on top.
Source: http://www.unam.mx
Cusiana, Cupiagua,
Floreña, Volcanera,
Capachos, Bolívar –
Corrales, Dindal, Río
Seco, Pulí,
Guando, Cascabel,
Opón, Provincia
Source: http://www.anh.gov.co
CUSIANA
-Production per day: 266,05 MM Scf.

-Operating company: Ecopetrol-Equion
-Basin: Llanos orientales.
-Formation Type: Sandstone.
-Production formations: Barco, Mirador
and Guadalupe.
-Type of reservoir: Gas condensate.
CUSIANA

-Reservoir Pressure: 6000 Psia.
-Thickness:
-Mirador: 330’
-Barco: 6’’.
-Guadalupe: 20’
-Porosity: 8-9%
-FR: 56%
gas drive.
Cusiana, Cupiagua,
Floreña, Volcanera,
Capachos, Bolívar –
Corrales, Dindal, Río
Seco, Pulí,
Guando, Cascabel,
Opón, Provincia
Source: http://www.anh.gov.co
CHUCHUPA
-Location.
It’s located in La Guajira.
It began producing hydrocarbons

between 1977 and 1979.
This field is located on the sea 11

kilometers from the coast.
Source: http://revistas.uis.edu.co
CHUCHUPA
-Production per day: 295 MM Scf.

-Operating company: Ecopetrol and
Chevron.
-Basin: Baja guajira.
-Formation Type: Sandstone.
-Production formations: La luna, Jimol,
Uitpá.
-Type of reservoir: Dry gas.
CHUCHUPA
-Average depth: 6147’-

-Thickness: 166’
-Porosity: 22-32%
-Permeability: 210 mD.
-FR: 90%
gas drive.
º (~3500
GPCG), Ballena
(~1257 GPCG),
Riohacha (~92
GPCG)
Source: www.anh.gov.co
BALLENA

-Gas reserves: 1300Gscf.
-Operating company: Ecopetrol and
Chevron
-Basin: Baja Guajira.
-Production formations: Jimol, Uitpá.
-Type of reservoir: Dry Gas.
BALLENA

-Reservoir Pressure: 2421Psia.
-Thickness:
-Jimol: 1205’
-Uitpá: 590’’.’
-Porosity: 27%
-FR: 65%
gas drive.
FLOREÑA

-Gas reserves: 348Gscf.
-Operating company: Equion.
-Basin: Llanos Orientales.
-Production formations: Barco, Mirador,
Guadalupe.
-Type of reservoir: Condensate.
FLOREÑA
-Reservoir Pressure: 5980 psia.

-Thickness:
-Mirador: 912’
-Barco: 492’
-Guadalupe:590’
-Porosity: 2,5-10%
-FR: 56%
gas drive.
GIBRALTAR

-Production Formation: Mirador
-Porosity: 4-7%
-FR: 54%
-Production Mecanism: Depletion.
-Reserves:135 MMM ft3
-Actual Production: 38,04 MM SCF
LA CRECIENTE
-Operating company: Pacific
-Characteristics of the gas pipeline:
• 84 kilometers in lenght (80 km on land
and 4 km submarines)
• 18 inches diameter
- Actual Production: 70 MM SCF
- Average depth: 11500 ’
- Thickness: 450 ft – 700 ft
- Porosity: 15 -20%
- Permeability: 70 – 100 mD
RANCHO HERMOSO
-Operating company: Canacol Energy
- Production formations: Mirador, Barco,
Ubaque, Guadalupe.
- Actual Production: 0,07 M SCF/D
- Thickness: Ubaque 95 ’ Mirador 35 ’
- FR: 35%
- Porosity: 21%
- Primary production mechanism: Aquifer
SARDINATA
-Operating company: Ecopetrol
- Production formations: Catatumbo, Barco,
Cogollo.
- Type of reservory: Condensed Gas
- Thickness: 26’ - 56 ’
- Porosity: 17 - 19%
- Primary production mechanism: Gas in
solution.
NEW DISCOVERIES
GORGON-1 -Operating company: 50% ECOPETROL-
50%ANADARCO
-Location: South colombian caribbean
-Average depth: 3600’-4415 below sea level.
-Thickness: 100 – 200 ft
-Water column: 2316 mts.
-Area: 14500 Km2
-Porosity: 20 %
-Gas saturation: 100%
NEW DISCOVERIES
PURPLE ANGEL -Operating company: 50% ECOPETROL-
50%ANADARCO
-Average depth: 4975’ below sea level.
- Located at 4 km from Kronos.
NEW DISCOVERIES
KRONOS
-Operating company: 50% ECOPETROL-
50%ANADARCO
-Average depth: 3720’ below sea level.
- Located at 4 km from Purple Angel.
Regulation.
CREG.
RUT.
Natural gas pipeline in Col.
-Ballena – Barrancabermeja 578 km, 18”

-Centro Oriente 1005 km, 6”
-Cusiana – porvenir – La belleza 223 km,
20”
-Cusiana – Apiay – Bogotá 280 km 12”
10”
-Boyacá – Santander 100 km 10” y 2”
-Mariquita – Cali 760 km 20”
-Yopal Morichal 14 km 4”
Source: http://www.tgi.com.co/
Gas Plants in Colombia
REGASIFICATION GIBRALTAR
PLANT OF
CARTAGENA PLANT
CUPIAGUA ORIPAYA
PLANT PLANT
Source: DINA CUSIANA

https://www.google.com.co/search?q=plantas+de+gas+natural
PLANT PLANT
IRAN
QATAR
ESTADOS UNIDOS
COLOMBIA
ESTADOS UNIDOS
RUSIA
IRAN
COLOMBIA
RESERVES
PROVED, PROBABLE, AND POSSIBLE RESERVES

RESERVES
PROVED, PROBABLE, AND POSSIBLE RESERVES
RESERVES
PARTICIPATION OF NATURAL GAS

RESERVES BY BASIN
RESERVES
What about the future?
"There has been a sustained decline

for several years in reserves, and
there have been no significant
increases in the findings. While the
demand has been maintained. That
is, by 2024 there would not be
enough supply; because the findings
have not materialized. “ (Ricardo
Ramirez)
"There has been a sustained decline

for several years in reserves, and
there have been no significant
increases in the findings. While the
demand has been maintained. That
is, by 2024 there would not be
enough supply; because the findings
have not materialized. “ (Ricardo
Ramirez)
Source: UPME
Is Coalbed the future?
Bibliography
1. S. Brunauer , L. S. Deming , W. E. Deming , E. Teller , A theory of the van

der Waals adsorption of gases , J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 62 , 1723 – 1732 (
1940 ).
2. T. W. Legatski , J. W. Tooke , L. A. Grundy , Approximating natural gas
composition , Petrol Refi ner. , 32 , 105 ( 1953 ).
3. D. Q. Vu , W. J. Koros , S. J. Miller , Fouling of carbon molecular sieve
hollow - fi ber membranes by condensable impurities in carbon dioxide -
methane separation , Ind. Eng. Chem. , 42 , 1064 ( 2003 ).
4. http://www.anh.gov.co/Informacion-Geologica-y-Geofisica/Estudios-
Integrados-y-
Modelamientos/Presentaciones%20y%20Poster%20Tcnicos/Cuencas%20
Minironda%20PhD%20Jairo%20Mojica%20(pdf).pdf
Bibliography
5. https://www.ecopetrol.com.co
6. Garzón, José. Recursos de gas natural en Colombia, estimación del
potencia. ANH, 2014.
7. INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY – IEA- “Golden Rules for a Golden
Age of Gas". World Energy Outlook. París. Mayo 2012. Pág. 18
8.MARTINEZ L; (2008) Estudio del Gas Asociado al Carbón Mexicano.
Informe inédito para el Servicio Geológico Mexicano.

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NATURAL GAS IN COLOMBIA

Natural gas is a fossil fuel formed when buried

6000-2000 900-500 A.C 1816 D.C 1816 D.C

The ancient • The Chinese • Natural gas • Law 10 of

Source: Gas natural Fenosa.

Source: Membranes for gas separations available online: https://books.google.com.co/books?id=IRM0DwAAQBAJ

Not all these units

-Non-associated gas: Nonassociated

-Acid gas: >4 ppm de H2S.

-Sweet gas : < 4 ppm de H2S.

-Rich gas: contains components heavier than ethane.

-Lean gas: ethane content above 85%

It’s located in Aguazul, Casanare.

It began producing hydrocarbons in

-Production per day: 595,02 MM Scf.

-Average depth: 15000’-18000’.

-Production per day: 266,05 MM Scf.

-Average depth: 13400’-20000’.

It’s located in La Guajira.

It began producing hydrocarbons

This field is located on the sea 11

-Production per day: 295 MM Scf.

-Average depth: 6147’-

-Production per day: 47 MM Scf.

-Average depth: 5200’-7579’.

-Production per day: 23 MM Scf.

-Reservoir Pressure: 5980 psia.

-Average depth: 3000’-7000’.

-Ballena – Barrancabermeja 578 km, 18”

Source: DINA CUSIANA

PROVED, PROBABLE, AND POSSIBLE RESERVES

PARTICIPATION OF NATURAL GAS

"There has been a sustained decline

"There has been a sustained decline

Is Coalbed the future?

1. S. Brunauer , L. S. Deming , W. E. Deming , E. Teller , A theory of the van

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