Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Topics:
•File System under Microsoft Windows
•File Design alternatives
•Different Methods of File Organisation
in Computer System
File System under Microsoft
Windows
Maintainable Readable
Complete Expandable
Secure Storage saving
Accessible Portable, etc.
Reliable
Storing files
• Serial
• Sequential
• Indexed Sequential
• Random (or Direct)
Serial Organization
•Serial files are stored in
chronological order, that is, as each
record is received it
is stored in the next available
storage position. In general it is only
used on a
serial medium such as magnetic
tape.
•This type of file organization means
that
the records are in no particular order
and therefore to retrieve a single record,
the whole file needs to be read from the
beginning to end.
•Serial organization is usually the
method used for creating Transaction
files (unsorted), Work and Dump files.
Sequential Organization
In multiprogramming systems,
there may be several disk I/O
requests at the
same time. As a result, a disk
driver is typically faced with a pool
of I/O requests: The most costly
component of a disk I/O operation
is the seek time
•File allocation
Contiguous allocation
Allocate disk space like paged,
segmented memory. Keep a free
list of unused
disk space.
Chained (linked)
Space allocation is similar to page
frame allocation. Mark allocated
blocks as in use.
Indexed
Allocate an array of pointers during
file creation. Fill the array as new disk
blocks are assigned.
Free space management
• Disk blocking
– multiple sectors per block for
efficiency
• Disk quotas
• Reliability
– Backup/restore (disaster scenarios)
– File system (consistency) check (e.g.,
UNIX fsck)
• Performance
– Block or buffer caches (a collection
of blocks kept in memory
Efficiency and Performance