Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Limbah ikan :
a. viscera
b. kepala Gutted
c. tulang Headed
d. sisa daging
e. ikan rucah
PROPORSI LIMBAH IKAN
L IM BA H IKA N
c. Pangan yang telah diuji secara individu & disetujui oleh pemerintah
d. Pangan yang dapat dikonsumsi dalam bentuk pangan konvensional, kapsul dan
tablet
PANGAN FUNGSIONAL
a. Menggunakan bahan yang memenuhi standar mutu dan persyaratan
keamanan serta standar dan persyaratan lain yang ditetapkan;
a. Memelihara & memperbaiki kondisi fisik yang secara mudah dapat dinilai
yaitu:
- membantu memelihara kadar gula
- membantu memelihara penurunan lemak tubuh
b. Memelihara atau memperbaiki kondisi fisik dan atau fungsi biologis yaitu:
- membantu meningkatkan penyerapan kalsium (Ca)
c. Memperbaiki secara sesaat dan bukan tetap atau kronis, atau merubah
kondisi fisik
Akhir 70-an
- Eskimo Greenland konsumsi ikan mentah atau dikeringkan (jarang
dikukus atau dimasak dengan panas)
Awal 80-an
- Eskimo Greenland <<< Eskimo di Denmark (coronary hearth disease =
CHD)
Bayi :
- tingkatkan berat lahir :
- memperpanjang masa kehamilan
(menunda dan mencegah abortus)
- meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan janin
- tingkatkan kepandaian
- tingkatkan kemampuan penglihatan
- tingkatkan jumlah kosa kata
- cegah alergi
- tingkatkan rasa nyenyak
A sma
- hiper-responsif terhadap debu (sering bersin & batuk)
- ibu asma saat hamil konsumsi minyak ikan turunkan asma atau alergi
Rheumatoid arthritis
penyakit inflamasi yang menyerang persendian
(nyeri & bengkak persendian)
mel turunkan aktivitas enzim yang mendegradasi
komponen jaringan penghubung
Kegemukan:
menurunkan akumulasi lemak tubuh
dg cr membatasi ukuran dan jumlah sel lemak
mel: ekspresi gen (tingkatkan metabolisme & turunkan
penyimpanan lemak)
Kardiovaskuler:
- turunkan serangan jantung
- cegah penggumpalan darah
- turunkan denyut jantung yg tidak normal
- memperbaiki profil lemak darah
- cegah tekanan darah tinggi
A lzheimer’s:
- tingkatkan kadar fosfatidil serin (fosfatidil utama dr
membran sel)
- cegah/hambat penuaan otak
- komponen penting membran sel syaraf
- bersifat pelindung sel syaraf, antioksidan dan anti inflamasi
FISH OIL & CVD
Numerous observational studies have shown that
omega-3 FA enriched diets are associated with a
reduction of:
• Cardiovascular mortality
• Heart attack
• Sudden death
Overall, it has been
• In several studies, a higher fish intake was associated shown that a
minimum of one fish
with a decreased incidence of coronary artery disease meal per week
(CAD) and cardiovascular mortality. translates to a 52%
reduction in sudden
cardiac death.
• Mackerel
• Lake trout
• Herring
• Sardines
The American Heart Association
• Albacore tuna recommends eating fish
• Salmon (particularly fatty fish) at least
two times per week.
PRODUCTION OF EDIBLE AND
PHARMACEUTICAL-GRADE FISH OILS
F IS H O IL
EXTRA C TIO N
The technology to break away oil from core substances. Fish oil can be
separated from fish by rendering (dry rendering & wet rendering), mechanical
expression, and solvent extraction
REN D ERIN G
1. Dry Rendering
2. Wet Rendering
M EC H A N IC A L EXPRESS IO N
During Process :
- Hydrolisis - Autooxidation
- Isomeration - Conjugation
- Polymerisation - Pyrolisis
- Dehidration
All of this reaction can be affect quality of fish oil (end product)
such as; sensory, safety, and nutritious compounds
- degumming
- deasidifikasi
- bleaching or decolorization
- deodorization
D EG U M M IN G
Process of gum or mucus separation
Technology
- Gum or residue dehidratation
- Centrifugation
Technically
- Blanching to oil with hot water gas
- Running in water
- Centrifugation
- Adding with saturated mineral or sodium chloride
D EA C ID IF IC A TIO N / N EU TRA L IZA TIO N
Separation free fatty acid from oil can be done by distillation. (Deacidification).
This process is used to neutralize crude oil that contain high free
fatty acid
The process to separate free fatty acid from oil by reaction between
free fatty acid and base to produce soap. (Neutralization)
BLEACHING
To reduce pigment from oil by differences of potential
energy between the surface of adsorbent and the
substance
Adding adsorbent
(fuller earth, activated clay, and activated carbon)
DEODORIZATION
This process is used to remove odor or flavor from oil
(pressure and vacuum)
PRODUCTION OF PHARMACEUTICAL- AND FOOD-
GRADE OMEGA-3 MARINE OILS AND THEIR
CONCENTRATES
BIOFUEL
PHOTOBIOREACTOR
THE PROCESS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS CONVERTS SOLAR ENERGY
INTO CHEMICAL ENERGY
OIL CONTENT and LIPID PRODUCTIVITY
OF
MICROALGAE
TRANSESTERIFICATION OF TRIGLYCERIDES
THAN K YOU