INTRODUCTION TO

FLUID POWER SYSTEMS

AN INDUSTRIAL PERSPECTIVE
Presented by :
Arino Anzip
PROGRAM D3 TEKNIK MESIN - ITS
WHAT IS A FLUID POWER SYSTEMS ?
• Fluid Power Systems :
Technology which deals with the generation,
control and transmission of power using
pressurized fluids
• Fluid itself can be divided by
1. Air or Gas
2. Liquid such as water, mineral - based
petroleum oils and synthetic oils
 Textbook
• Anthony Esposito, Fluid Power with Applications, 7th Edition,
Pearson Education Inc, 2009
• Merkle D, Schrader B dan Thomas M, Hydraulics : Textbook
and Workbook Basic Level TP 501, Festo Didactic GmbH and
Co, 1998
• Merkle D, Rupp K dan Scholz M, Electrohydraulics : Textbook
and Workbook Basic Level TP 601, Festo Didactic KG, 1994
• Croser P, Pneumatics : Textbook and Workbook Basic Level
101, Festo Didactic KG, 1989
• Prede D dan Scholz D, Electropneumatics : Textbook and
Workbook Basic Level TP 201, Festo Didactic GmbH and Co,
2002.
• Vickers Industrial Hydraulics Manual, 4th Edition, Vickers
Incorporated, 1999
• Cundiff,J.S, Fluid Power Circuits and Controls, CRC Press, 2002
 LECTURE MATERIALS COVERED
• Introduction to Fluid Power Systems
• Hydraulic Fluids
• Energy and Power in Hydraulic Systems
• Signal Control Section of Hydraulic Systems
• Hydraulic Power Section
1. Power Supply Section
2. Power Control Section
3. Drive Section
• Hydraulic Circuit Design and Analysis
• Pneumatic Systems
1. Air Preparation
2. Pneumatic Systems Components
• Pneumatic Circuit and Applications
1. Pneumatic Circuit Design
2. Air Pressure Losses Calculation
3. Basic Pneumatic Circuit
• Basic Electrical Control for Fluid Power Circuit
1. Electrical Components
2. Electro-pneumatic
3. Electro-hydraulic
 FLUID SYSTEMS IN OUR SOCIETY :
• FLUID TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Delivery of fluid from one place to another to
accomplish some useful purpose such as pumping
station and pneumatic conveying

• FLUID POWER SYSTEMS

1. Pneumatic Systems using gas or air as working fluid
2. Hydraulic Systems using hydraulic fluids like
petroleum oils as bearing media (working fluid)
POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
POWER TRANSMISSION METHODS
1. Mechanical Power Transmission :
Menggunakan elemen – elemen mesin untuk
memindahkan daya
 2. Electrical Power Transmission Systems
Memanfaatkan jaringan listrik sebagai media
pemindah daya listrik
Electrical Network Systems
 3. Fluid Power Systems
Terdiri atas Sistem Pneumatik dan Hidraulik
 COMPONENTS OF PNEUMATIC SYSTEMS
• Air Receiver to contain pressurized air
• Compressor to compress air
• Electric Motor or other Prime Mover to drive
compressor
• Valve to control air direction, pressure and
flow rate or capacity
• Actuator to convert gas or air power to
mechanical power like pneumatic motor and
cylinder
• Piping System carrying air from one
component to another
 Pneumatic Systems
Pneumatic Systems Components
SIMPLE PNEUMATIC SYSTEMS

Actuator
SCHEMATIC DRAWING OF
PNEUMATIC SYSTEMS
 COMPONENTS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
• Tank or Reservoir to contain oil
• Pump converts mechanical power into hydraulic
power
• Electric Motor to drive pump
• Valve to control oil direction, pressure and flow rate
or capacity
• Actuator to convert hydraulic power to mechanical
power like hydraulic motor and cylinder
• Piping System carrying oil from one component to
another
SIMPLE HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS

DCV

Filter

Tank
SCHEMATIC DRAWING OF
HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS
HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC CONTROL
• HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC MANUAL
CONTROL
• ELECTROHYDRAULIC AND
ELECTROPNEUMATIC CONTROL
• PROPORTIONAL HYDRAULIC AND
PNEUMATIC CONTROL
• CLOSED – LOOP HYDRAULIC AND
PNEUMATIC CONTROL
APPLICATIONS OF FLUID POWER SYSTEMS
• Mobile : Fluid power is used to transport, excavate, lift
materials and control or power mobile equipment such as
backhoes, tractors, graders etc
• Industrials : Provide power transmission and motion
control for machines of industry such as metalworking
equipment, controllers, material handling and assembly
equipment
• Aerospace : Fluid power is used for commercial and
military aircraft, spacecraft and related support equipment
such as landing gear system, brakes, flight controls and cargo
loading equipment
• Health : Dentist equipment, bed for patients, radiology
equipment etc
BACKHOE
HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR IN CVN USS GEORGE
WASHINGTON
HMS - QUEEN ELIZABETH
INJECTION MOLDING MACHINE
AIRCRAFT HYDRAULIC
AEROSPACE HYDRAULIC
TUNNELING MACHINES
TUNNELING MACHINE AT WORK
PNEUMATIC DENTAL TOOL
AUTOMATIC ROBOT
WHEN FLUID POWER SYSTEMS ARE USED ?
THE ADVANTAGES OF FLUID POWER SYSTEMS

• Multiplication and variation of forces

• Easy and accurate control
• Multi – function control
• Compact
• Low speed torque
• Constant force or torque
• Simplicity and safety
• Established standards and engineering
(our Lab. uses ISO and ANSI standards)
THE DISADVANTAGES OF FLUID POWER SYSTEMS

• Higher initial investment

• Transferring energy is slower when
compared to electrical system
• When hydraulic systems leak, it can
pollute the environments
• More dangerous than other systems due
to high pressure fluids involved i.e. 15000
psi of working pressure
Fluid Power Systems Personnel in Industry
• Fluid power mechanics
Responsible for repair and maintenance of fluid
power equipment
• Fluid power technicians
These people assist engineers in designing, testing,
troubleshooting and maintaining fluid power
systems
• Fluid power engineers
People who perform advanced design, development
and testing of fluid power equipment
FLUID POWER ASSOCIATION
 ORIGINAL FLUID POWER
COMPONENTS MANUFACTURER