Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter # 3
Job Analysis
LEARNING OUTCOMES
1. Discuss the nature of job analysis, including what it is and
how it’s used.
2. Use at least three methods of collecting job analysis
information, including interviews, questionnaires, and
observation.
3. Write job descriptions, including summaries and job
functions, using the Internet and traditional methods.
4. Write a job specification.
5. Explain job analysis in a “worker-empowered” world,
including what it means and how it’s done in practice.
The Basics of Job Analysis
Job Analysis (JA)
The procedure for determining the duties and skill requirements of a job
and the kind of person who should be hired for it.
Work
activities
Human Human
requirements behaviors
Information
Collected Via
Job Analysis
Machines, tools,
Job
equipment, and
context
work aids
Performance
standards
Uses of Job Analysis Information
Job analysis
Job description
and specification
Note: Use a
questionnaire like
this to interview job
incumbents, or have
them fill it out.
Job Analysis Questionnaire for Developing Job Descriptions (cont’d)
Example of Position/Job Description Intended for Use Online
Example of Position/Job Description Intended for Use Online (cont’d)
Methods for Collecting Job Analysis
Information: Observation
• Information Source • Advantages
Observing and noting the Provides first-hand
physical activities of information
employees as they go Reduces distortion
about their jobs by of information
managers.
• Disadvantages
Time consuming
Reactivity response distorts
employee behavior
Difficulty in capturing
entire job cycle
Of little use if job involves a
high level of mental activity
Methods for Collecting Job Analysis
Information: Participant Diaries/Logs
• Information Source • Advantages
Workers keep a Produces a more complete
chronological diary or log picture of the job
of what they do and the Employee participation
time spent on each activity
• Disadvantages
Distortion of information
Depends upon employees
to accurately recall their
activities
Writing Job Descriptions
Job
identification
Job Job
specifications summary
Sections of a
Typical Job
Working Description Responsibilities and
conditions duties
Standards of Authority of
performance the incumbent
The Job Description
• Job Identification • Responsibilities and Duties
Job title Major responsibilities and
Department duties (essential functions)
Preparation date Decision-making authority
Job Design:
From Specialized
to Enriched Jobs