FUNCTIONS OF FSSS

 Prevent any fuel firing unless a satisfactory furnace purge sequence has
first been completed.

 Prevent start-up of individual fuel firing equipment unless certain

permissive, interlocks have been satisfied.

 Monitor and control proper component sequencing during start-up and

shut-down of fuel firing equipment.

 Subject continued operation of fuel firing equipment to certain safety

interlocks remaining satisfied.

 Provide component status feedback to the operator and, in some cases,

to the unit control system and / or to the data logger.

 Provide flame supervision when fuel firing equipment is in service and

effect an Elevation Fuel Trip or Master Fuel Trip upon certain condition
of unacceptable firing / load combination.

 Effect a Master Fuel Trip upon certain adverse Unit operating conditions.
 INTERLOCKS COVERED UNDER FSSS
 PURGE PERMISSIVES 1. POST TRIP PURGE CYCLE
2. FURNACE PURGE CYCLE
 HOTV OPEN/CLOSE INTERLOCKS
 HORV OPEN/CLOSE INTERLOCKS
 OIL GUNS START/STOP CYCLE
 BOILER PROTECTION LOGICS
 PA FAN INTERLOCKS COVERED UNDER FSSS
 COAL MILL START/STOP INTERLOCKS
 COAL FEEDER START/STOP INTERLOCKS
 SCANNER AIR FANS
 SEAL AIR FANS
 DAMPER INTERLOCKS
 POST-FIRING PURGE
PURGE PERMISSIVE

 All HFO Nozzle Valves Closed

 HFO Trip Valve closed

 All Pulverizers Off.

 All Feeders Off

 All Flame Scanners Sense No Flame

 Air Flow > 30 %

 Mode Permit Proven (Air Flow < 40 % And Nozzle

Tilt Horizontal)
 PRE-FIRING PURGE
PURGE PERMISSIVE
 All HFO Nozzle Valves Closed
 HFO Trip Valve closed
 No Boiler Trip From MFR A & B
 All Pulverizers Off.
 All Feeders Off
 All Flame Scanners Sense No Flame
 All Auxiliary Air Dampers Modulating and furnace to wind box P OK
 Both PA fans Off
 All HAGS Closed
 Air Flow > 30 %
 Mode Permit Proven (Air Flow < 40% And Nozzle tilt Horizontal)
 Drum Level Satisfactory
 FSSS AC / DC Power Available.
 HFO SUPPLY SCHEME
FROM AUXILIARY
FROM HFO STEAM HEADER
DAY TANK

HFO PUMP-1

HFO
s HTR-1 s

HFO PUMP-2
TO BOILER
HFO FRONT
s HTR-2 s

HFO PUMP-3

HFO
s
s
HTR-3

TO HFO
DAY TANK
 HFO SCHEME AT BOILER FRONT
HOFCV
HOTV

FT

AB ELEVATION

CD ELEVATION

M EF ELEVATION

GH ELEVATION

SHORT FT
RECIRCULATION

HORV

HFO HFO
SUPPLY RETURN
LINE LINE
ATOMISING STEAM SCHEME AT BOILER FRONT

AB ELEVATION

CD ELEVATION

EF ELEVATION

GH ELEVATION

OIL GUN CONNECTION

HFO NOZZLE
VALVE SCAVENGE OIL GUN
VALVE

ATOMISING
STEAM VALVE
 HOTV INTERLOCKS
TO OPEN HOTV :
Permissives :
SET I
 No. Boiler Trip persisting
 HFO Header temperature satisfactory >950 C
 HFO supply press sat. > 15 Kg / cm2
 All HONV’s closed
 No close / Trip command
 Open PB depressed
OR
SET II
 All HONV’s closed
 MFT acted
 HORV open
 Open PB depressed
 HOTV INTERLOCKS
1. HOTV CLOSES AUTOMATICALLY UNDER FOLLOWING
CONDITIONS :

Any HONV not closed AND

a) HFO pressure low < 3 Kg/cm2

OR
b) Atom. steam Pr. low < 3.5 Kg/cm2
OR
c) HFO Header Temperature Lo-Lo for > 2 secs. < 95 0 C

2. Any HONV not closed and MFT acted

3. Loss of critical power > 2 Secs

4. HOTV can be closed manually by pressing the close push button.

HORV INTERLOCKS

 HORV can be opened by pressing the OPEN Push

button (PB) from Console if All the HONV s are

closed.

 HORV closes automatically when any HONV is not

closed OR by pressing close PB.

 PAIR FIRING MODE (START UP)
 Pair firing mode is selected when no feeder is in service. Pairs are
made for the opposite corners. (Pair 1-3 and Pair 2-4)
 When pair 1-3 start push button is pressed the following events take
place
A 30 second counting period is started
A 70 second counting period is started
 Oil Gun No-1 advances from retracted position if
 It is engaged, corresponding scavenge valve is closed, atomising
steam and HFO isolation valves are open.
 HEA ignitor advances.
 Atomising steam valve opens.
 Ignitor starts sparking.
 HFO Nozzle valve for corner 1 opens
 HFO catches fire and flame indication comes.
 After 25 seconds ignitor retracts.
 When the 30 second counting period expires command will
 go to corner 3 and same events will take place.
 Corner 2-4 can also be placed exactly in the same manner.
 ELEVATION FIRING MODE (START UP)
 Elevation firing mode is selected when any feeder is proven.
 Oil elevation is placed in service when Pair 1-3 or Pair 2-4 start
Push Button is pressed. In elevation firing mode also the oil guns
are proven on pair basis.
 First command goes for placing Pair 1-3 into service and Pair 1-3 is
placed into service exactly in the same way as in the pair mode.
 First start command goes to corner-1 then after 30 second start
command goes to corner-3.
 After the start command has gone to corner 3, a 30 second counting
period is started. When 30 seconds counting period expires then
start command goes for corner 2-4 and corner 2-4 are placed into
service exactly in the same manner as in the pair mode.
 PAIR FIRING MODE (SHUT DOWN)
 Pair firing mode is selected when no feeder is in service. Pairs are
made for the opposite corners. (Pair 1-3 and Pair 2-4)
 When pair 1-3 stop push button is pressed the following events take
place
A 30 second counting period is started
A 340 second counting period is started
 Oil Gun No-1 HFO nozzle valve closes.
 Scavenge and atomising steam valve opens.
 HEA ignitor advances and spark remains for 15 seconds.
 When atomising steam valve is proven fully open, a 5 minutes
counting period starts.
 When 5 minutes counting period expires scavenge valve and
atomising steam valve closes and further closing command goes
HFO nozzle valves to reinsure that they are fully closed.
 Oil Gun corner no-1 retracts to its home position.
 When the 30 second counting period expires stop command will go
to corner 3 and same events will take place.
 Corner 2-4 can be shut-down exactly in the same manner.
 ELEVATION FIRING MODE (SHUTDOWN)
 Elevation firing mode is selected when any feeder
is proven.
 By pressing stop push-button of Pair 1-3 or Pair 2-
4 the following events will take place.
 Corner 1-3 will be shut-down in the similar way as
in the pair mode.
 When stop command has gone to corner 3, a 30
second counting period is started.
 When 30 seconds counting period expires then
stop command goes for corner 2-4 and corner 2-4
are shut-down exactly in the same manner as in
the pair mod
 BOILER TRIP CONDITIONS
 Both FD Fans Off
 All ID Fans Off
 Inadequate Waterwall Circulation
 Loss Of Reheat Protection
 Deaerator level Lo-Lo ( -2134 mm 2 / 3 logic)
 All Boiler Feed Pumps Off
 Drum Level High-High (> + 250 mm, delay of 10 seconds)
 Drum Level Lo-Lo (< - 375 mm, delay 10 seconds)
 Elevation Power Failure For > 2 seconds.
 Furnace Pressure High-High (> + 325 mmWC, 2 / 3 logic)
 Furnace Pressure Lo-Lo ( < -250 mmWC, 2 / 3 logic )
 Loss Of All Fuel
 Unit Flame Failure
 Loss Of Critical Power For > 2 seconds
 Loss Of 220 V DC For > 2 seconds
 Loss Of ACS Power > 2 seconds
 Simulator Trip
 Air Flow < 30 %
 Both Emergency Push Buttons Pressed.
 BOILER TRIP
When the boiler trips the following events takes place
Boiler trip red lamp comes on.
 MFT A & B trip lamp comes on and reset lamp goes off.
 Cause of trip memory can not be reset till the furnace purge is
completed.
 F D Fans Control is transferred to manual.
 I D fans vane position is transferred to manual.
 Pulverizers are tripped.
 Coal feeders are tripped.
 P A Fans are tripped.
 Cold air dampers opens 100 %.
 HFO trip valve closes.
 All HFO Nozzle valves closes.
 Upper and Lower Fuel air damper opens.
 Auxiliary air damper opens and control is transferred to manual.
 Loss of all fuel trip protection disarms.
 S/H and R/H spray block valves S-82 & R-31 closes and can not be
opened unless furnace purge is completed.
 Turbine Trips
INADEQUATE WATER WALL CIRCULATION

1. BOILER LOAD > 60 % AND LESS THAN TWO PUMPS OR

PUMP ON AND DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE < 10 PSI.

2. BOILER LOAD < 60 % AND NO BCW PUMP ON OR

PUMP ON AND DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE < 10 PSI.

 REHEAT PROTECTION
1. TURBINE TRIP OR GENERATOR CIRCUIT BREAKER

OPEN AND HP/LP BYPASS OPENING < 2 %.

2. TURBINE WORKING (HP & IP CVS OPENING > 2 %

AND LOAD SHEDDING RELAY OPERATED AND

HP/LP BYPASS OPENING < 2 %.

3. TURBINE NOT WORKING AND BOILER WORKING

AND HP/LP BYPASS OPENING < 2 %.

 LOSS OF ALL FUEL TRIP
MFT 5 SEC
RESET
Loss of all fuel arming
SET
Any elevation
¾ Nozzle valve proven
All HFO Elevation Trip

All feeders off 2 SEC

All HFO Nozzle

valve closed Loss of all
HOTV NOT OPEN fuel trip
2 SEC
All feeders off
 FLAME FAILURE TRIP
ANY FEEDER PROVEN 2 SEC

ELEVATION GH NO FLAME VOTE

ELEVATION FG NO FLAME VOTE

FLAME
ELEVATION DE NO FLAME VOTE
FAILURE
TRIP
ELEVATION BC NO FLAME VOTE

ELEVATION AB NO FLAME VOTE

 FLAME FAILURE VOTE LOGICS
ELEVATION DE SCANNERS NO FLAME

FEEDER E OFF
ELEVATION DE
NO FLAME VOTE
FEEDER D OFF 2 SEC

ELEVATION BC SCANNERS NO FLAME

FEEDER C OFF
ELEVATION BC
FEEDER B OFF NO FLAME VOTE
2 SEC
ELEVATION AB ANY HFO
NOZZLE VALVE NOT CLOSED

ELEVATION AB 2/4
NOZZLE VALVE NOT PROVEN

ELEVATION AB
SCANNERS NO FLAME
ELEVATION AB
NO FLAME VOTE

FEEDER A OFF
2 SEC
 FLAME FAILURE VOTE LOGICS
ELEVATION GH ANY HFO
NOZZLE VALVE NOT CLOSED

ELEVATION GH 2/4
NOZZLE VALVE NOT PROVEN

ELEVATION GH
SCANNERS NO FLAME
ELEVATION GH
NO FLAME VOTE
FEEDER H OFF

2 SEC

ELEVATION FG SCANNERS NO FLAME

FEEDER G OFF
ELEVATION FG
NO FLAME VOTE
FEEDER F OFF
 MILL INTERLOCKS
START PERMISSIVES :
Mill starts after the ‘ON’ push button is pressed if following
conditions are fulfilled.
Pulveriser Ready available signal will be available if following conditions
are fulfilled
 M.D.V. is open (all four)
 Mill outlet temp < 93 0 C
 Feeder local switch in Remote
 Pulv. start permit (if Nozzle tilt Horizontal & air flow < 40 % )
OR
( Any feeder proven and NO MFT )
 Cold air gate open
 Tramp iron valve open
 Feeder inlet gate open
 Lub oil level & temp. adequate
 Lub oil pressure not low for more than 300 sec
 No Mill trip existing
 P.A. permit available.
(i) Hot P.A. duct Pressure. not low ( < 625 mm wc)
(ii) P.A. duct pr. not lo-lo ( > 500 mmWc AND
(iii) Both FD s ON and both PA fans ‘ON’ or (Any PA fan ON
and any FD Fan ‘ON’ and > 4 mills not ON)
 No Auto pulv unsuccessful start
 Seal air Header to mill under bowl DP satisfactory > 8" wc
 Mill not ‘ON’
 Pulv Ignition permit available.
FOR Mill A
 AB elevation 3/4 HONV’s open
OR
 Boiler load > 30 % and Feeder - B speed > 50 % ( > 30 T/hr.)
For Mill B
 AB elevation proven 3/4 HONV’s open
OR
 Boiler load > 30 % and Feeder A or Feeder C proven.
For Mill C
 CD elevation proven
OR
 AB oil elevation and feeder B proven
OR
 Boiler load > 30 % & either feeder B or Feeder D proven
For Mill D
 CD elevation proven
OR
Boiler load > 30 % and either feeder C or feeder E proven.
For Mill E,F,G & H identical logic.
 PULVERISER TRIP CONDITIONS
 Auto / manual mode selected to manual & stop PB depressed.
 Pulv. start command given & not ‘ON’ for > 2 Secs.
 Loss of Elevevation OR Unit Power for > 2 Secs
 Pulv ‘ON’ & seal air / under DP Low > 1 min < 5”wc
 Pulv ‘ON’ and lub oil pump OFF > 10 sec.
 Pulv ‘ON’ and lub oil pr. low > 10 secs. < 1.76 Kg/cm2
 Ignition permit required (> 180 secs) & ignition permit lost (i.e. within 180 sec
of feeder start)
 Any of the MDV is not fully open
 Hot PA duct. pr. Lo < 625 mm of WCL (delay 5 sec)
 Hot PA duct. pr. Lo - Lo = < 525mm WC (instantaneous)
 MFT
 PA / FD Fan trip
a) If both PA Fans & both FD fans running & any PA or any FD Fan trips then
mills start tripping from top elevations with 2 secs time delay till 4 mills are
available.
b) If both PA / FD fans trip then all mills will trip.
PULV. SEAL AIR VALVES INTERLOCKS
 Valve opens when Pulv. start command is given OR Mill is ON
 Valve closes when Pulv. is OFF
HOT AIR GATE INTERLOCKS
 Hot air gate (HAG) opens when Pulv is ‘ON’ AND Hot air gate open P.B
depressed or auto HAG open command is there AND NO HAG close
command.
 Hot air gate closes when
1. Loss of power > 2 secs
2. Pulv. off
3. Pulv. outlet temp > 93 0 C
4. Close P.B. depressed
5. Feeder Trips.(Delay 40 sec)
6. Auto pulv. unsuccessful start
7. Auto pulv. run feeder speed to minimum
 FEEDER START PERMISSIVES
 Pulveriser Ready is available
 Feeder speed demand at minimum
 Pulveriser manual mode
 Pulveriser ignition permit available
 No feeder stop command
 No MFT
 Pulveriser ‘ON’
FEEDER TRIP CONDITION
 Ignition energy removed within 180 secs of feeder start
 Feeder in manual mode & stop PB depressed
 Auto Pulv. Feeder stop command
 Pulv. OFF
 MFT
 No coal on belt Discharge plugged