Simulasi

Simulasi adalah suatu proses peniruan dari

sesuatu yang nyata beserta keadaan
sekelilingnya (state of affairs). Aksi
melakukan simulasi ini secara umum
menggambarkan sifat-sifat karakteristik
kunci dari kelakuan sistem fisik yang di-
abstraksikan.

Simulasi adalah suatu cara untuk mendu

plikasi/menggambarkan ciri, tampilan,
Simulasi
Ide awal dari simulasi adalah untuk meniru situasi dunia nyata secara matematis,
kemudian mempelajari sifat dan karakter operasionalnya, dan akhirnya membuat
kesimpulan dan membuat keputusan berdasar hasil dari simulasi. Dengan cara ini,
sistem di dunia nyata tidak disentuh /dirubah sampai keuntungan dan keru
gian dari apa yang
menjadi kebijakan utama suatu keputusan di uji cobakan dalam sistem model.

Untuk menggunakan simulasi, hal‐hal yang perlu dilakukan adalah:

1. Menentukan permasalahan
2. Mengajukan variabel yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan
3. Membangun model numeris
4. Menentukan rangkaian kemungkinan aksi untuk percobaan
5. Menjalankan eksperimen
6.Mempertimbangkan hasil eksperimen(memodifikasi model atau merubah input)
7. Memutuskan langkah yang akan diambil
Model simulasi
Keuntungan dan Kerugian Simulasi
Keuntungan Simulasi
1. Relative apa adanya dan fleksibel
2. Dapat digunakan untuk mengangalisa situasi dunia nyata yang besar dan kompleks
yang tidak dapat dipecahkan oleh model analisa kuantitatif konvensional.
3.Kadangkala simulasi adalah satu‐satunya metode yang memungkinkan. Peneliti
kadangkala karena berbagai sebab tidak bisa mengobservasi langsung objek
penelitiannya, maka perlu dilakukan simulasi.
4.Model simulasi dibuat untuk problem manajemen dan membutuhkan input dar
i manajemen. Analis yang mengerjakan model harus berhubungan secara ekstensif
dengan manajer, ini berarti pengguna biasanya turut serta dalam proses
pemodelan, dan mempunyai peran dalam pembuatannya, sehingga tidak takut /
ragu untuk menggunakannya
5.Simulasi memungkinkan adanya pertanyaan “bagaimana jika / kalau?”
6. Simulasi tidak mengganggu sistem dunia nyata
7.Dengan simulasi dapat dipelajari efek interaktif dari suatu komponen atau variabel
individual untuk menentukan mana yang penting.
8.Simulasi memungkinkan penghematan waktu
9.Simulasi dapat mengikutsertakan komplikasi dunia nyata yang model kuantitat
if pada umumnya tidak bisa. Pemakaian “ceteris paribus” bisa dikurangi.
Kerugian Simulasi

1.Model simulasi yang baik mungkin akan sangat mahal. Biasanya merupakan proses
yang panjang dan rumit
2.Simulasi tidak menghasilkan solusi optimal dari permasalahan seperti teknik
analisa kuantitatif yang lain.
3.Harus dijalankan semua kondisi dan hambatan untuk mendapatkan solusi yang
ingin diuji. Model simulasi tidak menghasilkan jawaban dengan sendirinya
4.Tiap model simulasi adalah unik. Solusi dan kesimpulannya tidak dapat digunakan
untuk permasalahan lain.
Tahapan Smulasi
Metode Monte Carlo
• Physical simulation refers to simulation in which
physical objects are substituted for the real thing
These physical objects are often chosen
because they are smaller or cheaper than the
actual object or system.
• Interactive simulation is a special kind of
physical simulation, often referred to as a human
in the loop simulation, in which physical
simulations include human operators, such as in
a flight simulator or a driving simulator.
Computer simulation

• A computer simulation (or "sim") is an attempt to model a real-life or

hypothetical situation on a computer so that it can be studied to see
how the system works. By changing variables, predictions may be
made about the behaviour of the system.
• Computer simulation has become a useful part of modeling many
natural systems in physics, chemistry and biology, and human
systems in economics and social science (the computational
sociology) as well as in engineering to gain insight into the operation
of those systems. A good example of the usefulness of using
computers to simulate can be found in the field of network traffic
simulation. In such simulations, the model behaviour will change
each simulation according to the set of initial parameters assumed
for the environment.
Traditionally, the formal modeling of systems has been via
a mathematical model, which attempts to find analytical
solutions enabling the prediction of the behaviour of the
system from a set of parameters and initial conditions.
Computer simulation is often used as an adjunct to, or
substitution for, modeling systems for which simple closed
form analytic solutions are not possible. There are many
different types of computer simulation, the common feature
they all share is the attempt to generate a sample of
representative scenarios for a model in which a complete
enumeration of all possible states would be prohibitive or
impossible.
Simulation and Manufacturing
Manufacturing represents one of the most
important applications of Simulation. This
technique represents a valuable tool used by
engineers when evaluating the effect of capital
investment in equipments and physical facilities
like factory plants, warehouses, and distribution
centers.Simulation can be used to predict the
performance of an existing or planned system and
to compare alternative solutions for a particular
design problem.
Another important goal of manufacturing-simulations is to quantify
system performance.Common measures of system performance
include the following:
•Throughput under average and peak loads;
•System cycle time (how long it take to produce one part);
•Utilization of resource, labor, and machines;
•Bottlenecks and choke points;
•Queuing at work locations;
•Queuing and delays caused by material-handling devices and
systems;
•WIP storage needs;
•Staffing requirements;
•Effectiveness of scheduling systems;
•Effectiveness of control systems.
Digital Lifecycle Simulation
Simulation of airflow over an engine
Simulation solutions are being increasingly integrated with
CAx (CAD, CAM, CAE....) solutions and processes. The
use of simulation throughout the product lifecycle,
especially at the earlier concept and design stages, has the
potential of providing substantial benefits. These benefits
range from direct cost issues such as reduced prototyping
and shorter time-to-market, to better performing products
and higher margins. However, for some companies,
simulation has not provided the expected benefits.
Disaster Preparedness and Simulation Training

Simulation training has become a method for preparing

people for disasters. Simulations can replicate emergency
situations and track how learners respond. Disaster
preparedness simulations can involve training on how to
handle terrorism attacks, natural disasters, pandemic
outbreaks, or other life-threatening emergencies.attacks,
natural disasters, pandemic outbreaks, or other life-
threatening emergencies.
Engineering, technology or process simulation

Simulation is an important feature in engineering systems

or any system that involves many processes. For example
in electrical engineering, delay lines may be used to
simulate propagation delay and phase shift caused by an
actual transmission line. Similarly, dummy loads may be
used to simulate impedance without simulating
propagation, and is used in situations where propagation is
unwanted. A simulator may imitate only a few of the
operations and functions of the unit it simulates
Finance
In finance, computer simulations are often
used for scenario planning. Risk-adjusted net
present value, for example, is computed from
well-defined but not always known (or fixed)
inputs. By imitating the performance of the
project under evaluation, simulation can
provide a distribution of NPV over a range of
discount rates and other variables.
Flight Simulation

Flight Simulation Training Devices (FSTD) are used to train

pilots on the ground. In comparison to training in an actual
aircraft, simulation based training allows for the training of
maneuvers or situations that may be impractical (or even
dangerous) to perform in the aircraft, while keeping the pilot
and instructor in a relatively low-risk environment on the
ground. For example, electrical system failures, instrument
failures, hydraulic system failures, and even flight control
failures can be simulated without risk to the pilots or an
aircraft.
 Development of Impeller for
Submersible Pump

Preliminary Redesign
The objectives of this study is as follows;
To measure the performance of the existing
design of submersible pump by
various manufacturers in accordance
with accepted standards.
 To identify problem that cause the
design not to satisfy the standards, if
any.
 To optimize the existing design to the
required standards. Preliminary Prototype Impeller Design
 To conduct tests to satisfy required
standards. Design data
Flow rate 100 [m^3/h]
Head 9 [m]
Revolutions 1430 [/min]
Density 1000 [Kg/m^3]
Flow angle 90.0 [°]
Specific speed 45.9 [/min]
Specific pump work 88.29 [m²/s²]
Rise of pressure 0.88 [bar]
Pump output 2.5 [kW]
Solid Drawing
Wire drawing
Tool path
Cutting Simulation
CNC CODE
Product
Pompa Air
Robotics simulators

A robotics simulator is used to create embedded applications for a

specific (or not) robot without being dependent on the 'real' robot. In
some cases, these applications can be transferred to the real robot (or
rebuilt) without modifications. Robotics simulators allow reproducing
situations that cannot be 'created' in the real world because of cost,
time, or the 'uniqueness' of a resource. A simulator also allows fast
robot prototyping. Many robot simulators feature physics engines to
simulate a robot's dynamics.

Biomechanics simulators

A biomechanics simulator is used to analyze walking dynamics, study

sports performance, simulate surgical procedures, analyze joint loads,
design medical devices, and animate human and animal movement.
Simulasi dalam bisnis
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